ଦସ୍ତା

ଦସ୍ତା ([Zinc; ଜିଙ୍କ୍] ) ହେଉଛି ଏକ ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ ଯାହାର ପ୍ରତୀକ Zn ଓ ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ ୩୦ ।

Zinc,  ₃₀Zn

ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ	zinc, Zn
Appearance	silver-gray
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ	/ˈzɪŋk/ ZINGK
Zinc in the periodic table
- ↑ Zn ↓ Cd copper ← zinc → gallium
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)	30
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ	group 12, d-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ	period 4
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର	transition metal, alternatively considered a post-transition metal
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (Ar)	65.38(2)
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ	[Ar] 3d10 4s2
per shell	2, 8, 18, 2
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥା	solid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ	692.68 K ​(419.53 °C, ​787.15 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ	1180 K ​(907 °C, ​1665 °F)
Density near r.t.	7.14 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	6.57 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	7.32 kJ/mol
Heat of	123.6 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.470 J/(mol·K)
pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 610 670 750 852 990 1179
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	+2, +1, 0 ​amphoteric oxide
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.65
energies	(more)
Atomic radius	empirical: 134 pm
Covalent radius	122±4 pm
Van der Waals radius	139 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Speed of sound thin rod	(rolled) 3850 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion	30.2 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	116 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	59.0 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Young's modulus	108 GPa
Shear modulus	43 GPa
Bulk modulus	70 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.25
Mohs hardness	2.5
Brinell hardness	412 MPa
CAS Number	7440-66-6
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାର	Indian metallurgists (before 1000 BC)
First isolation	Andreas Sigismund Marggraf (1746)
Recognized as a unique metal by	Rasaratna Samuccaya (800)
Most stable isotopes of zinc
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 64Zn 48.6% >2.3×1018 y β+β+ 1.096 64Ni 65Zn syn 243.8 d ε 1.3519 65Cu γ 1.1155 - 66Zn 27.9% 66Zn is stable with 36 neutrons 67Zn 4.1% 67Zn is stable with 37 neutrons 68Zn 18.8% 68Zn is stable with 38 neutrons 69Zn syn 56 min β− 0.906 69Ga 69mZn syn 13.76 h β− 0.906 69Ga 70Zn 0.6% >1.3×1016 y β−β− 0.998 70Ge 71Zn syn 2.4 min β− 2.82 71Ga 71mZn syn 3.97 d β− 2.82 71Ga 72Zn syn 46.5 h β− 0.458 72Ga

ସହାୟକ ଗ୍ରନ୍ଥ

• Chambers, William and Robert (1901). Chambers's Encyclopaedia: A Dictionary of Universal Knowledge (Revised ed.). London and Edinburgh: J. B. Lippincott Company.CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
• Cotton, F. Albert; Wilkinson, Geoffrey; Murillo, Carlos A.; Bochmann, Manfred (1999). Advanced Inorganic Chemistry (6th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 0-471-19957-5.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
• CRC contributors (2006). David R. Lide (ed.). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3.
• Emsley, John (2001). "Zinc". Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford, England, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 499–505. ISBN 0-19-850340-7.CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
• Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4.
• Heiserman, David L. (1992). "Element 30: Zinc". Exploring Chemical Elements and their Compounds. New York: TAB Books. ISBN 0-8306-3018-X.CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
• Lehto, R. S. (1968). "Zinc". In Clifford A. Hampel (ed.). The Encyclopedia of the Chemical Elements. New York: Reinhold Book Corporation. pp. 822–830. ISBN 0-442-15598-0. LCCN 68-29938.CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
• United States National Research Council, Institute of Medicine. (2000). Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. National Academies Press. pp. 442–455.
• Stwertka, Albert (1998). "Zinc". Guide to the Elements (Revised ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-508083-1.CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
• Weeks, Mary Elvira (1933). "III. Some Eighteenth-Century Metals". The Discovery of the Elements. Easton, PA: Journal of Chemical Education. ISBN 0-7661-3872-0.CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)

ବାହାର ଲିଙ୍କ

• Zinc Fact Sheet from the U.S. National Institutes of Health
• History & Etymology of Zinc
• Statistics and Information from the U.S. Geological Survey
• Reducing Agents > Zinc
• American Zinc Association Information about the uses and properties of zinc.
• Outline safety data for zinc
• International Society for Zinc Biology Founded in 2008, an international. nonprofit organization bringing together scientists working on the biological actions of zinc.
• Zinc-UK Founded in 2010 to bring together scientists in the United Kingdom working on zinc.
• Zinc at The Periodic Table of Videos (University of Nottingham)