ଗନ୍ଧକ

(Sulfurରୁ ଲେଉଟି ଆସିଛି)

ଗନ୍ଧକ (English: Sulfur ବା Sulphur; ସଲ୍‌ଫର୍) ଏକ ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ ଯାହାର ପ୍ରତୀକ Sପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ ୧୬ । ଏହା ପ୍ରଚୁର ପରିମାଣରେ ମିଳୁଥିବା ଏକ ଅଧାତୁ ।

Sulfur,  16S
Spectral lines of sulfur
ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକsulfur, S
Appearancelemon yellow sintered microcrystals
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ/ˈsʌlfər/ SUL-fər
Sulfur in the periodic table
Hydrogen (other non-metal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (other non-metal)
Nitrogen (other non-metal)
Oxygen (other non-metal)
Fluorine (halogen)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (other non-metal)
Sulfur (other non-metal)
Chlorine (halogen)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (other non-metal)
Bromine (halogen)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (halogen)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanoid)
Cerium (lanthanoid)
Praseodymium (lanthanoid)
Neodymium (lanthanoid)
Promethium (lanthanoid)
Samarium (lanthanoid)
Europium (lanthanoid)
Gadolinium (lanthanoid)
Terbium (lanthanoid)
Dysprosium (lanthanoid)
Holmium (lanthanoid)
Erbium (lanthanoid)
Thulium (lanthanoid)
Ytterbium (lanthanoid)
Lutetium (lanthanoid)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (halogen)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinoid)
Thorium (actinoid)
Protactinium (actinoid)
Uranium (actinoid)
Neptunium (actinoid)
Plutonium (actinoid)
Americium (actinoid)
Curium (actinoid)
Berkelium (actinoid)
Californium (actinoid)
Einsteinium (actinoid)
Fermium (actinoid)
Mendelevium (actinoid)
Nobelium (actinoid)
Lawrencium (actinoid)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Ununtrium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununpentium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununseptium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununoctium (unknown chemical properties)
O

S

Se
phosphorussulfurchlorine
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)16
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକgroup 16 (chalcogens), p-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟperiod 3
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର  nonmetal
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (±) (Ar)32.06(1)
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ[Ne] 3s2 3p4
per shell
2, 8, 6
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥାsolid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ388.36 K ​(115.21 °C, ​239.38 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ717.8 K ​(444.6 °C, ​832.3 °F)
Density near r.t.(alpha) 2.07 g/cm3
(beta) 1.96 g/cm3
(gamma) 1.92 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.1.819 g/cm3
Critical point1314 K, 20.7 MPa
Heat of fusion(mono) 1.727 kJ/mol
Heat of (mono) 45 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity22.75 J/(mol·K)
 pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 375 408 449 508 591 717
Atomic properties
Oxidation states6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, -1, -2 ​strongly acidic oxide
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.58
energies
(more)
Covalent radius105±3 pm
Van der Waals radius180 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structureorthorhombic
Orthorhombic crystal structure for sulfur
Thermal conductivity(amorphous)
0.205 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity(amorphous)
2×1015  Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[]
Bulk modulus7.7 GPa
Mohs hardness2.0
CAS Number7704-34-9
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାରChinese[] (Before 2000BC)
Recognized as an element byAntoine Lavoisier (1777)
Most stable isotopes of sulfur
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
32S 95.02% 32S is stable with 16 neutrons
33S 0.75% 33S is stable with 17 neutrons
34S 4.21% 34S is stable with 18 neutrons
35S syn 87.32 d β 0.167 35Cl
36S 0.02% 36S is stable with 20 neutrons
| references

ରାସାୟନିକ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ସମସ୍ଥାନିକ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • 32S (୧୬ଟି ନିଉଟ୍ରନ)
  • 33S (୧୭ଟି ନିଉଟ୍ରନ)
  • 34S (୧୮ଟି ନିଉଟ୍ରନ)
  • 35S (୧୯ଟି ନିଉଟ୍ରନ)
  • 36S (୨୦ଟି ନିଉଟ୍ରନ)

ଉତ୍ପାଦନ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • ସଲଫାମିକ ଅମ୍ଲ
  • ସଲଫର ଡାଇଅକ୍ସାଇଡ୍
  • ସଲଫୁରିକ ଅମ୍ଲ

ଇତିହାସ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ବ୍ୟବହାର

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  1. Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF). CRC press. 2000. ISBN 0849304814.
  2. "Sulfur History". Georgiagulfsulfur.com. Retrieved 2008-09-12.

ବାହାର ଲିଙ୍କ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା