ଫ୍ଲୋରିନ

ଫ୍ଲୋରିନ (English: fluorine) ହେଉଛି ଏକ ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ ଯାହାର ପ୍ରତୀକ F ଓ ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ ୯ । ଏହା ସବୁଠାରୁ ହାଲୁକା ହାଲୋଜେନ ।

Fluorine,  ₉F

Liquid fluorine at cryogenic temperatures
ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ	fluorine, F
Appearance	gas: very pale yellow liquid: bright yellow solid: transparent (beta), opaque (alpha)
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ	/ˈflʊəriːn/, /ˈflʊərɪn/, /ˈflɔːriːn/
Fluorine in the periodic table
- ↑ F ↓ Cl oxygen ← fluorine → neon
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)	9
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ	group 17 (halogens), p-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ	period 2
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର	halogen
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (Ar)	18.9984032(5)
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ	[He] 2s2 2p5
per shell	2, 7
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥା	gas
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ	53.53 K ​(−219.62 °C, ​−363.32 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ	85.03 K ​(−188.12 °C, ​−306.62 °F)
ଘନତା at stp (0 °C and 101.325 kPa)	1.696 g/L
when liquid, at b.p.	1.505 g/cm3
Critical point	144.4 K, 5.215 MPa
Heat of	6.51 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	(Cp) (21.1 °C) 825 J·mol−1·K−1 (Cv) (21.1 °C) 610 J/(mol·K)
pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 38 44 50 58 69 85
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−1 ​oxidizes oxygen
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 3.98
energies	(more)
Covalent radius	64 pm
Van der Waals radius	135 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​cubic the structure refers to solid fluorine, just below the melting point, 1 atm
Thermal conductivity	0.02591 W/(m·K)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
CAS Number	7782-41-4
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାର	André-Marie Ampère (1810)
First isolation	Henri Moissan (June 26, 1886)
Named by	Humphry Davy
Most stable isotopes of fluorine
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 18F trace 109.77 min β+ (96.9%) 0.634 18O ε (3.1%) 1.656 18O 19F 100% 19F is stable with 10 neutrons
reference

ଧର୍ମ

ଉତ୍ପତି ଓ ଅବସ୍ଥିତି

ଆଧାର

• Dean, John A. (1999). Lange's handbook of chemistry (15th ed.). McGraw-Hill, Inc. ISBN 0-07-016190-9. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Emeléus, H. J.; Sharpe, A. G. (1983). Advances in inorganic chemistry and radiochemistry (27th ed.). Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-023627-3. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. (1998). Chemistry of the elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Hounshell, David A.; Smith, John Kelly (1988). Science and corporate strategy: DuPont R&D, 1902–1980. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-32767-9. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Lewars, Errol G. (2008). Modeling marvels: Computational anticipation of novel molecules. Springer. ISBN 1-4020-6972-3. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Lide, David R. (2004). Handbook of chemistry and physics (84th ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0566-7. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• (Russian) Lidin, P. A.; Molochko, V. A.; Andreeva, L. L. (2000). Химические свойства неорганических веществ. Khimiya. ISBN 5-7245-1163-0. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
• Mackay, Kenneth Malcolm; Mackay, Rosemary Ann; Henderson, W. (2002). Introduction to modern inorganic chemistry (6th ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 0-7487-6420-8. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils; Holleman, Arnold Frederick (2001). Inorganic chemistry. Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-352651-9. Retrieved 3 March 2011. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Yaws, Carl L.; Braker, William (2001). "Fluorine". Matheson gas data book, Book 2001. McGraw-Hill Professional. ISBN 978-0-07-135854-5. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Ullmann, Franz, ed. (2005). Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH. ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2.
  • Aigueperse, Jean; Mollard, Paul; Devilliers, Didier; Chemla, Marius; Faron, Robert; Romano, Renée; Cuer, Jean Pierre. "Fluorine Compounds, Inorganic". doi:10.1002/14356007. ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  • Siegemund, Günter; Schwertweger, Werner; Feiring, Andrew; Smart, Bruce; Behr, Fred; Vogel, Herward; McKusick, Blain. "Fluorine Compounds, Organic". doi:10.1002/14356007.a11_349. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  • Jassaud, Michael; Faron, Robert; Devilliers, Didier; Romano, René. "Fluorine". doi:10.1002/14356007.a11_293. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  • Carlson, D. Peter; Scmiegel, Walter. "Fluoropolymers, Organic". doi:10.1002/14356007.a11_393. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
• Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (2006). The highest oxidation states of the 5d transition metals: A quantum-chemical study (Report). Chemical Society. http://opus.bibliothek.uni-wuerzburg.de/volltexte/2006/1940/pdf/The_Highest_Oxidation_States_of_the_5d_Transition_Metals.pdf. Retrieved 20 June 2011. 

ବାହାର ଲିଙ୍କ

• Fluorine at The Periodic Table of Videos (University of Nottingham)