ଫସ୍‌ଫରସ

ଫସ୍‌ଫରସ ହେଉଛି ଏକ ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ ଯାହାର ପ୍ରତୀକ P ଓ ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ ୧୫ ।

Phosphorus,  ₁₅P

waxy white (yellow cut), red (granules centre left, chunk centre right), and violet phosphorus
ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ	phosphorus, P
Appearance	colourless, waxy white, yellow, scarlet, red, violet, black
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ	/ˈfɒsfərəs/ FOS-fər-əs
Phosphorus in the periodic table
N ↑ P ↓ As silicon ← phosphorus → sulfur
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)	15
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ	group 15 (pnictogens), p-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ	period 3
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର	nonmetal
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (±) (Ar)	30.973762(2)
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ	[Ne] 3s2 3p3
per shell	2, 8, 5
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥା	solid
Density near r.t.	(white) 1.823, (red) ≈ 2.2 – 2.34, (violet) 2.36, (black) 2.69 g/cm3
Triple point	(red) 862.7 K, 4367 kPa
Heat of fusion	(white) 0.66 kJ/mol
Heat of	(white) 12.4 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	(white) 23.824 J/(mol·K)
pressure (white) P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 279 307 342 388 453 549
pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 455 489 529 576 635 704
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	5, 4, 3, 2, 1, −1, −2, −3 ​mildly acidic oxide
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.19
energies	(more)
Covalent radius	107±3 pm
Van der Waals radius	180 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​simple triclinic
Thermal conductivity	(white) 0.236, (black) 12.1 W/(m·K)
Magnetic ordering	(white, red, violet, black) diamagnetic
Bulk modulus	(white) 5, (red) 11 GPa
CAS Number	7723-14-0
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାର	Hennig Brand (1669)
Recognized as an element by	Antoine Lavoisier (1777)
Most stable isotopes of phosphorus
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 31P 100% 31P is stable with 16 neutrons 32P syn 14.28 d β− 1.709 32S 33P syn 25.3 d β− 0.249 33S

ଧର୍ମ

ସହାୟକ ଗ୍ରନ୍ଥ

• Emsley, John (2000). The Shocking history of Phosphorus. A biography of the Devil's Element. London: MacMillan. ISBN 0-333-76638-5. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Parkes, G.D.; Mellor, J.W. (1939). Mellor's Modern Inorganic Chemistry. Longman's Green and Co. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Podger, Hugh (2002). Albright & Wilson. The Last 50 years. Studley: Brewin Books. ISBN 1-85858-223-7. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Threlfall, Richard E. (1951). The Story of 100 years of Phosphorus Making: 1851–1951. Oldbury: Albright & Wilson Ltd. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

ବାହାର ଲିଙ୍କ

• Phosphorus at The Periodic Table of Videos (University of Nottingham)
• Further warnings of toxic effects and recommendations for treatment can be found in "Emergency War Surgery NATO Handbook: Part I: Types of Wounds and Injuries: Chapter III: Burn Injury: Chemical Burns And White Phosphorus injury". Retrieved 2009-05-05.
• Simon, Fa; Pickering, Lk (1976). "Acute yellow phosphorus poisoning. "Smoking stool syndrome"". JAMA: the Journal of the American Medical Association. 235 (13): 1343–4. doi:10.1001/jama.235.13.1343. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 946251.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
• eMedicine.com: Article on White Phosphorus as used as weapon
• Website of the Technische Universität Darmstadt and the CEEP about Phosphorus Recovery