ଟିଟାନିଅମ

Titanium, ₂₂Ti
ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ	titanium, Ti
Appearance	silvery grey-white metallic
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ	/taɪˈteɪniəm/; ty-TAY-nee-əm
Titanium in the periodic table
	scandium ← titanium → vanadium
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)	22
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ	group 4, d-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ	period 4
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର	transition metal
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (±) (Ar)	47.867(1)
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ	[Ar] 3d2 4s2
per shell	2, 8, 10, 2
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥା	solid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ	1941 K (1668 °C, 3034 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ	3560 K (3287 °C, 5949 °F)
Density near r.t.	4.506 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	4.11 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	14.15 kJ/mol
Heat of	425 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.060 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	4, 3, 2, 1 amphoteric oxide
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.54
energies	; (more)
Atomic radius	empirical: 147 pm
Covalent radius	160±8 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Speed of sound thin rod	5,090 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion	8.6 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	21.9 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	420 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	116 GPa
Shear modulus	44 GPa
Bulk modulus	110 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.32
Mohs hardness	6.0
Vickers hardness	970 MPa
Brinell hardness	716 MPa
CAS Number	7440-32-6
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାର	William Gregor (1791)
First isolation	Jöns Jakob Berzelius (1825)
Named by	Martin Heinrich Klaproth (1795)
Most stable isotopes of titanium
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ଟିଟାନିଅମ ହେଉଛି ଏକ ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ ଯାହାର ପ୍ରତୀକ Ti ଓ ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ ୨୨ ।

ଧର୍ମ

ଉପସ୍ଥିତି

ଗଠନ

ଉତ୍ପାଦନ

ସମସ୍ଥାନିକ

ବ୍ୟବହାର

ଆଧାର

↑ Andersson, N.; et al. (2003). "Emission spectra of TiH and TiD near 938 nm" (PDF). J. Chem. Phys. 118: 10543. Bibcode:2003JChPh.118.3543A. doi:10.1063/1.1539848.

ସହାୟକ ଗ୍ରନ୍ଥ

Barksdale, Jelks (1968). "Titanium". In Clifford A. Hampel (editor) (ed.). The Encyclopedia of the Chemical Elements. New York: Reinhold Book Corporation. pp. 732–738. LCCN 68-29938. {{cite book}}: |editor= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
Emsley, John (2001). "Titanium". Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford, England, UK: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-850340-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
Flower, Harvey M. (2000). "Materials Science: A moving oxygen story". Nature. 407 (6802): 305–306. doi:10.1038/35030266. PMID 11014169.
Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4.

ବାହାର ଲିଙ୍କ

ଟିଟାନିଅମ ବାବଦରେ ଉଇକିମିଡ଼ିଆର ସହଯୋଗୀ ପ୍ରକଳ୍ପଗୁଡ଼ିକରୁ ଅଧିକ ଜାଣନ୍ତୁ:
	ଉଇକିଅଭିଧାନରେ ଶବ୍ଦାର୍ଥମାନ ଖୋଜନ୍ତୁ
	କମନ୍ସରେ ଛବି ଓ ମିଡ଼ିଆସବୁ ଖୋଜନ୍ତୁ
	ଉଇକିମହାବିହାରରେ ଶିକ୍ଷଣ ଆଧାରମାନ ଖୋଜନ୍ତୁ

"Titanium: Our Next Major Metal", Popular Science, October 1950—one of first general public detailed articles on Titanium
Titanium at The Periodic Table of Videos (University of Nottingham)
A Cleaner, Cheaper Route to Titanium
International Titanium Association
Metallurgy of Titanium and its Alloys, Cambridge University
World Production of Titanium Concentrates, by Country
"Truth in Sparks: Titanium or Plain Ol' Steel?" Archived 2007-12-23 at the Wayback Machine., Popular Science
Metal of the gods

[1] Andersson, N.; et al. (2003). "Emission spectra of TiH and TiD near 938 nm" (PDF). J. Chem. Phys. 118: 10543. Bibcode:2003JChPh.118.3543A. doi:10.1063/1.1539848.

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