ପ୍ଲୁଟୋନିଅମ

Plutonium, ₉₄Pu
ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ	plutonium, Pu
Appearance	silvery white, tarnishing to dark gray in air
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ	/pluːˈtoʊniəm/; ploo-TOH-nee-əm
Plutonium in the periodic table
	neptunium ← plutonium → americium
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)	94
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ	group n/a, f-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ	period 7
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର	actinide
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (Ar)	(244)
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ	[Rn] 5f6 7s2
per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥା	solid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ	912.5 K (639.4 °C, 1182.9 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ	3505 K (3228 °C, 5842 °F)
Density near r.t.	19.816 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	16.63 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	2.82 kJ/mol
Heat of	333.5 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	35.5 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1; (amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.28
Atomic radius	empirical: 159 pm
Covalent radius	187±1 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	monoclinic
Speed of sound	2260 m/s
Thermal expansion	46.7 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	6.74 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	1.460 µ Ω·m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	96 GPa
Shear modulus	43 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.21
CAS Number	7440-07-5
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାର	Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan (1940–1)
Most stable isotopes of plutonium
	view; talk; edit; \| references

ପ୍ଲୁଟୋନିଅମ ହେଉଛି ଏକ ତେଜସ୍କ୍ରିୟ ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ ଯାହାର ପ୍ରତୀକ Pu ଓ ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ ୯୪ ।

ଧର୍ମସମ୍ପାଦନ କରନ୍ତୁ

ଭୌତିକସମ୍ପାଦନ କରନ୍ତୁ

ରସାୟନିକସମ୍ପାଦନ କରନ୍ତୁ

ସମସ୍ଥାନିକସମ୍ପାଦନ କରନ୍ତୁ

ଉପସ୍ଥିତିସମ୍ପାଦନ କରନ୍ତୁ

ଗଠନସମ୍ପାଦନ କରନ୍ତୁ

ଉତ୍ପାଦନସମ୍ପାଦନ କରନ୍ତୁ

ବ୍ୟବହାରସମ୍ପାଦନ କରନ୍ତୁ

ଆହୁରି ଦେଖନ୍ତୁସମ୍ପାଦନ କରନ୍ତୁ

ଆଧାରସମ୍ପାଦନ କରନ୍ତୁ

↑ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
↑ Magurno, B.A.; Pearlstein, S. (eds.) Workshop on nuclear data evaluation methods and procedures, Upton, NY, USA, 22 Septmber 1980, vol. II (1981), pp. 835 ff

ବାହାର ତଥ୍ୟସମ୍ପାଦନ କରନ୍ତୁ

Sutcliffe, W.G.; et al. (1995). "A Perspective on the Dangers of Plutonium". Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Archived from the original on September 29, 2006.
Johnson, C.M.; Davis, Z.S. (1997). "Nuclear Weapons: Disposal Options for Surplus Weapons-Usable Plutonium". CRS Report for Congress # 97-564 ENR. Retrieved February 15, 2009.
IEER contributors (2005). "Physical, Nuclear, and Chemical, Properties of Plutonium". IEER. Retrieved February 15, 2009. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
Bhadeshia, H. "Plutonium crystallography".
Samuels, D. (2005). "End of the Plutonium Age". Discover Magazine. 26 (11).
Pike, J.; Sherman, R. (2000). "Plutonium production". Federation of American Scientists. Retrieved February 15, 2009.
Nuclear Weapon Archive contributors. "Plutonium Manufacture and Fabrication". Nuclearweaponarchive.org. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
Ong, C. (1999). "World Plutonium Inventories". Nuclear Files.org. Retrieved February 15, 2009.
LANL contributors (2000). "Challenges in Plutonium Science". Los Alamos Science. I & II (26). Retrieved February 15, 2009. {{cite journal}}: |author= has generic name (help)
NLM contributors. "Plutonium, Radioactive". NLM Hazardous Substances Databank. Retrieved February 15, 2009. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
Alsos contributors. "Annotated Bibliography on plutonium". Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues. Retrieved February 15, 2009. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
Chemistry in its element podcast (MP3) from the Royal Society of Chemistry's Chemistry World: Plutonium
Plutonium at The Periodic Table of Videos (University of Nottingham)

[magnet-1] Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.

[2] Magurno, B.A.; Pearlstein, S. (eds.) Workshop on nuclear data evaluation methods and procedures, Upton, NY, USA, 22 Septmber 1980, vol. II (1981), pp. 835 ff

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