ବ୍ୟାରିଅମ

ବ୍ୟାରିଅମ ହେଉଛି ଏକ ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ ଯାହାର ପ୍ରତୀକ Ba ଓ ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ ୫୬ ।

Barium,  ₅₆Ba

ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ	barium, Ba
Appearance	silvery gray
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ	/ˈbɛəriəm/ BAIR-ee-əm
Barium in the periodic table
Sr ↑ Ba ↓ Ra caesium ← barium → lanthanum
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)	56
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ	group 2 (alkaline earth metals), s-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ	period 6
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର	alkaline earth metals
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (Ar)	137.327
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ	[Xe] 6s2
per shell	2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥା	solid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ	1000 K ​(727 °C, ​1341 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ	2170 K ​(1897 °C, ​3447 °F)
Density near r.t.	3.51 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	3.338 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	7.12 kJ/mol
Heat of	140.3 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	28.07 J/(mol·K)
pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 911 1038 1185 1388 1686 2170
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	+2 ​strongly basic oxide
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 0.89
Atomic radius	empirical: 222 pm
Covalent radius	215±11 pm
Van der Waals radius	268 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​body-centered cubic (bcc)
Speed of sound thin rod	1620 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	20.6 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	18.4 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	332 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	13 GPa
Shear modulus	4.9 GPa
Bulk modulus	9.6 GPa
Mohs hardness	1.25
CAS Number	7440-39-3
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାର	Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1772)
First isolation	Humphry Davy (1808)
Most stable isotopes of barium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 130Ba 0.106% (0.5–2.7)×1021 y εε 2.620 130Xe 132Ba 0.101% >3×1020 y β+β+ 0.846 132Xe 133Ba syn 10.51 y ε 0.517 133Cs 134Ba 2.417% 134Ba is stable with 78 neutrons 135Ba 6.592% 135Ba is stable with 79 neutrons 136Ba 7.854% 136Ba is stable with 80 neutrons 137Ba 11.23% 137Ba is stable with 81 neutrons 138Ba 71.7% 138Ba is stable with 82 neutrons

ସହାୟକ ଗ୍ରନ୍ଥ

• Kresse, Robert; Baudis, Ulrich; Jäger, Paul; Riechers, H. Hermann; Wagner, Heinz; Winkler, Jocher; Wolf, Hans Uwe (2007). "Barium and Barium Compounds". In Ullman, Franz (ed.). Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a03_325.pub2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
• Lide, D. R. (2004). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (84th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0484-2. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

ବାହାର ଲିଙ୍କ

• Barium at The Periodic Table of Videos (University of Nottingham)
• Elementymology & Elements Multidict
• 3-D Holographic Display Using Strontium Barium Niobate Archived 2012-02-27 at the Wayback Machine.