 |
| ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ |
|---|
| ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ | gadolinium, Gd |
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| Appearance | silvery white |
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| ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ |
GAD-ə-LIN-ee-əm |
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| Gadolinium in the periodic table |
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|
|
| ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z) | 64 |
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| ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ | group n/a, f-block |
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| ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ | period 6 |
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| ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର | lanthanide |
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| ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (Ar) | 157.25 |
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| ଇଲେକ୍ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ | [Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2 |
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per shell | 2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2 |
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| ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ |
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| ଅବସ୍ଥା | solid |
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| ଗଳନାଙ୍କ | 1585 K (1312 °C, 2394 °F) |
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| ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ | 3546 K (3273 °C, 5923 °F) |
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| Density near r.t. | 7.90 g/cm3 |
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| when liquid, at m.p. | 7.4 g/cm3 |
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| Heat of fusion | 10.05 kJ/mol |
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| Heat of | 301.3 kJ/mol |
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| Molar heat capacity | 37.03 J/(mol·K) |
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pressure (calculated)
| P (Pa)
|
1
|
10
|
100
|
1 k
|
10 k
|
100 k
| | at T (K)
|
1836
|
2028
|
2267
|
2573
|
2976
|
3535
|
|
| Atomic properties |
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| Oxidation states | 1, 2, 3 (mildly basic oxide) |
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| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 1.20 |
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| Atomic radius | empirical: 180 pm |
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| Covalent radius | 196±6 pm |
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| Miscellanea |
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| Crystal structure | hexagonal close-packed (hcp) |
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| Speed of sound thin rod | 2680 m/s (at 20 °C) |
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| Thermal expansion | (100 °C, α, poly) 9.4 µm/(m·K) |
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| Thermal conductivity | 10.6 W/(m·K) |
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| Electrical resistivity | (r.t.) (α, poly) 1.310 µ Ω·m |
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| Magnetic ordering | ferromagnetic/paramagnetic
transition at 293.4 K |
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| Young's modulus | (α form) 54.8 GPa |
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| Shear modulus | (α form) 21.8 GPa |
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| Bulk modulus | (α form) 37.9 GPa |
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| Poisson ratio | (α form) 0.259 |
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| Vickers hardness | 570 MPa |
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| CAS Number | 7440-54-2 |
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| ଇତିହାସ |
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| ଆବିଷ୍କାର | Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac (1880) |
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| First isolation | Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1886) |
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| Most stable isotopes of gadolinium |
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|
|
| | references |
