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ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ |
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ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ | gadolinium, Gd |
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Appearance | silvery white |
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ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ | GAD-ə-LIN-ee-əm |
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Gadolinium in the periodic table |
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ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z) | 64 |
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ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ | group n/a, f-block |
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ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ | period 6 |
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ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର | lanthanide |
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ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (Ar) | 157.25 |
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ଇଲେକ୍ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ | [Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2 |
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per shell | 2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2 |
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ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ |
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ଅବସ୍ଥା | solid |
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ଗଳନାଙ୍କ | 1585 K (1312 °C, 2394 °F) |
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ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ | 3546 K (3273 °C, 5923 °F) |
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Density near r.t. | 7.90 g/cm3 |
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when liquid, at m.p. | 7.4 g/cm3 |
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Heat of fusion | 10.05 kJ/mol |
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Heat of | 301.3 kJ/mol |
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Molar heat capacity | 37.03 J/(mol·K) |
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pressure (calculated)
P (Pa)
|
1
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10
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100
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1 k
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10 k
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100 k
| at T (K)
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1836
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2028
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2267
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2573
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2976
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3535
|
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Atomic properties |
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Oxidation states | 1, 2, 3 (mildly basic oxide) |
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Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 1.20 |
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Atomic radius | empirical: 180 pm |
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Covalent radius | 196±6 pm |
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Miscellanea |
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Crystal structure | hexagonal close-packed (hcp) |
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Speed of sound thin rod | 2680 m/s (at 20 °C) |
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Thermal expansion | (100 °C, α, poly) 9.4 µm/(m·K) |
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Thermal conductivity | 10.6 W/(m·K) |
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Electrical resistivity | (r.t.) (α, poly) 1.310 µ Ω·m |
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Magnetic ordering | ferromagnetic/paramagnetic transition at 293.4 K |
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Young's modulus | (α form) 54.8 GPa |
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Shear modulus | (α form) 21.8 GPa |
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Bulk modulus | (α form) 37.9 GPa |
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Poisson ratio | (α form) 0.259 |
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Vickers hardness | 570 MPa |
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CAS Number | 7440-54-2 |
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ଇତିହାସ |
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ଆବିଷ୍କାର | Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac (1880) |
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First isolation | Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1886) |
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Most stable isotopes of gadolinium |
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| references |