ଟିଣ

ବାକିସବୁ ପାଇଁ, ଟିଣ (ବହୁବିକଳ୍ପ) ପ୍ରସଙ୍ଗଟି ଦେଖନ୍ତୁ ।

ଟିଣ ହେଉଛି ଏକ ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ ଯାହାର ପ୍ରତୀକ Sn ([stannum; ଷ୍ଟାନମ୍] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help) ପାଇଁ) ଓ ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ ୫୦ ।

Tin,  ₅₀Sn

ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ	tin, Sn
Appearance	silvery (left, beta) or gray (right, alpha)
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ	/ˈtɪn/
Tin in the periodic table
Ge ↑ Sn ↓ Pb indium ← tin → antimony
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)	50
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ	group 14 (carbon group), p-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ	period 5
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର	post-transition metal
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (Ar)	118.710
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ	[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
per shell	2, 8, 18, 18, 4
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥା	solid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ	505.08 K ​(231.93 °C, ​449.47 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ	2875 K ​(2602 °C, ​4716 °F)
Density near r.t.	(white) 7.365 g/cm3 (gray) 5.769 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	6.99 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	(white) 7.03 kJ/mol
Heat of	(white) 296.1 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	(white) 27.112 J/(mol·K)
pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1497 1657 1855 2107 2438 2893
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	4, 3, 2, 1, -4 (amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.96
Atomic radius	empirical: 140 pm
Covalent radius	139±4 pm
Van der Waals radius	217 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​tetragonal white
Speed of sound thin rod	(rolled) 2730 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion	22.0 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	66.8 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	115 n Ω·m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic ordering	(gray) diamagnetic, (white) paramagnetic
Young's modulus	50 GPa
Shear modulus	18 GPa
Bulk modulus	58 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.36
Mohs hardness	1.5
Brinell hardness	~350 MPa
CAS Number	7440-31-5
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାର	around 3500 BC
Most stable isotopes of tin
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 112Sn 0.97% 112Sn is stable with 62 neutrons 114Sn 0.66% 114Sn is stable with 64 neutrons 115Sn 0.34% 115Sn is stable with 65 neutrons 116Sn 14.54% 116Sn is stable with 66 neutrons 117Sn 7.68% 117Sn is stable with 67 neutrons 118Sn 24.22% 118Sn is stable with 68 neutrons 119Sn 8.59% 119Sn is stable with 69 neutrons 120Sn 32.58% 120Sn is stable with 70 neutrons 122Sn 4.63% 122Sn is stable with 72 neutrons 124Sn 5.79% >1×1017 y β−β− 2.2870 124Te 126Sn trace 2.3×105 y β− 0.380 126Sb

ସହାୟକ ଗ୍ରନ୍ଥ

• This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Carlin, James F., Jr. (1998). "Significant events affecting tin prices since 1958". U.S. National Geodetic Survey.
• CRC contributors (2006). David R. Lide (editor) (ed.). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)
• Emsley, John (2001). "Tin". Nature's Building Blocks: An A–Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford, England, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 445–450. ISBN 0-19-850340-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
• Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4.
• Heiserman, David L. (1992). "Element 50: Tin". Exploring Chemical Elements and their Compounds. New York: TAB Books. ISBN 0-8306-3018-X.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
• MacIntosh, Robert M. (1968). "Tin". In Clifford A. Hampel (editor) (ed.). The Encyclopedia of the Chemical Elements. New York: Reinhold Book Corporation. pp. 722–732. LCCN 68-29938. {{cite book}}: |editor= has generic name (help)
• Stwertka, Albert (1998). "Tin". Guide to the Elements (Revised ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-508083-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)

ବାହାର ଲିଙ୍କ

• Tin at The Periodic Table of Videos (University of Nottingham)
• Theodore Gray's Wooden Periodic Table Table Archived 2006-01-04 at the Wayback Machine.: Tin samples and castings
• Base Metals: Tin Archived 2012-07-12 at the Wayback Machine.