Praseodymium,  59Pr
ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକpraseodymium, Pr
Appearancegrayish white
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ/przəˈdɪmiəm/
pray-zee-ə-DIM-ee-əm[]
Praseodymium in the periodic table
Hydrogen (other non-metal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (other non-metal)
Nitrogen (other non-metal)
Oxygen (other non-metal)
Fluorine (halogen)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (other non-metal)
Sulfur (other non-metal)
Chlorine (halogen)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (other non-metal)
Bromine (halogen)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (halogen)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanoid)
Cerium (lanthanoid)
Praseodymium (lanthanoid)
Neodymium (lanthanoid)
Promethium (lanthanoid)
Samarium (lanthanoid)
Europium (lanthanoid)
Gadolinium (lanthanoid)
Terbium (lanthanoid)
Dysprosium (lanthanoid)
Holmium (lanthanoid)
Erbium (lanthanoid)
Thulium (lanthanoid)
Ytterbium (lanthanoid)
Lutetium (lanthanoid)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (halogen)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinoid)
Thorium (actinoid)
Protactinium (actinoid)
Uranium (actinoid)
Neptunium (actinoid)
Plutonium (actinoid)
Americium (actinoid)
Curium (actinoid)
Berkelium (actinoid)
Californium (actinoid)
Einsteinium (actinoid)
Fermium (actinoid)
Mendelevium (actinoid)
Nobelium (actinoid)
Lawrencium (actinoid)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Ununtrium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununpentium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununseptium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununoctium (unknown chemical properties)
-

Pr

Pa
ceriumpraseodymiumneodymium
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)59
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକgroup n/a, f-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟperiod 6
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର  lanthanide
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (Ar)140.90765
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ[Xe] 4f3 6s2
per shell
2, 8, 18, 21, 8, 2
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥାsolid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ1208 K ​(935 °C, ​1715 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ3793 K ​(3520 °C, ​6368 °F)
Density near r.t.6.77 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.6.50 g/cm3
Heat of fusion6.89 kJ/mol
Heat of 331 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity27.20 J/(mol·K)
 pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1771 1973 (2227) (2571) (3054) (3779)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states4, 3, 2 (mildly basic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.13
Atomic radiusempirical: 182 pm
Covalent radius203±7 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structurehexagonal
Hexagonal crystal structure for praseodymium
Speed of sound thin rod2280 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion(r.t.) (α, poly) 6.7 µm/(m·K)
Thermal conductivity12.5 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity(r.t.) (α, poly)
0.700 µ Ω·m
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[]
Young's modulus(α form) 37.3 GPa
Shear modulus(α form) 14.8 GPa
Bulk modulus(α form) 28.8 GPa
Poisson ratio(α form) 0.281
Vickers hardness400 MPa
Brinell hardness481 MPa
CAS Number7440-10-0
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାରCarl Auer von Welsbach (1885)
Most stable isotopes of praseodymium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
141Pr 100% 141Pr is stable with 82 neutrons
142Pr syn 19.12 h β 2.162 142Nd
ε 0.745 142Ce
143Pr syn 13.57 d β 0.934 143Nd
| references

References