Palladium,  46Pd
ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକpalladium, Pd
Appearancesilvery white
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ/pəˈldiəm/
pə-LAY-dee-əm
Palladium in the periodic table
Hydrogen (other non-metal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (other non-metal)
Nitrogen (other non-metal)
Oxygen (other non-metal)
Fluorine (halogen)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (other non-metal)
Sulfur (other non-metal)
Chlorine (halogen)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (other non-metal)
Bromine (halogen)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (halogen)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanoid)
Cerium (lanthanoid)
Praseodymium (lanthanoid)
Neodymium (lanthanoid)
Promethium (lanthanoid)
Samarium (lanthanoid)
Europium (lanthanoid)
Gadolinium (lanthanoid)
Terbium (lanthanoid)
Dysprosium (lanthanoid)
Holmium (lanthanoid)
Erbium (lanthanoid)
Thulium (lanthanoid)
Ytterbium (lanthanoid)
Lutetium (lanthanoid)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (halogen)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinoid)
Thorium (actinoid)
Protactinium (actinoid)
Uranium (actinoid)
Neptunium (actinoid)
Plutonium (actinoid)
Americium (actinoid)
Curium (actinoid)
Berkelium (actinoid)
Californium (actinoid)
Einsteinium (actinoid)
Fermium (actinoid)
Mendelevium (actinoid)
Nobelium (actinoid)
Lawrencium (actinoid)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Ununtrium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununpentium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununseptium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununoctium (unknown chemical properties)
Ni

Pd

Pt
rhodiumpalladiumsilver
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)46
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକgroup 10, d-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟperiod 5
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର  transition metal
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (Ar)106.42
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ[Kr] 4d10
per shell
2, 8, 18, 18
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥାsolid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ1828.05 K ​(1554.9 °C, ​2830.82 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ3236 K ​(2963 °C, ​5365 °F)
Density near r.t.12.023 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.10.38 g/cm3
Heat of fusion16.74 kJ/mol
Heat of 362 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity25.98 J/(mol·K)
 pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1721 1897 2117 2395 2753 3234
Atomic properties
Oxidation states0, +1, +2, +4, +6
(mildly basic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.20
Atomic radiusempirical: 137 pm
Covalent radius139±6 pm
Van der Waals radius163 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structureface-centered cubic (fcc)
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for palladium
Speed of sound thin rod3070 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion11.8 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity71.8 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity105.4 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[]
Young's modulus121 GPa
Shear modulus44 GPa
Bulk modulus180 GPa
Poisson ratio0.39
Mohs hardness4.75
Vickers hardness461 MPa
Brinell hardness310 MPa
CAS Number7440-05-3
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାରWilliam Hyde Wollaston (1803)
First isolationWilliam Hyde Wollaston (1803)
Most stable isotopes of palladium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
100Pd syn 3.63 d ε - 100Rh
γ 0.084, 0.074,
0.126
-
102Pd 1.02% 102Pd is stable with 56 neutrons
103Pd syn 16.991 d ε - 103Rh
104Pd 11.14% 104Pd is stable with 58 neutrons
105Pd 22.33% 105Pd is stable with 59 neutrons
106Pd 27.33% 106Pd is stable with 60 neutrons
107Pd trace 6.5×106 y β 0.033 107Ag
108Pd 26.46% 108Pd is stable with 62 neutrons
110Pd 11.72% >6×1017 y ββ - 110Cd
| references

References

  1. Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.