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ଛାଞ୍ଚ:Infobox Aluminium

Aluminium,  13Al
Spectral lines of aluminium
ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକaluminium, Al
Appearancesilvery gray metallic
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣUK: /ˌælj[invalid input: 'ʉ']ˈmɪniəm/ (listen)
AL-ew-MIN-ee-əm; US: /əˈljuːm[invalid input: 'ɨ']nəm/ (listen)
ə-LEW-mi-nəm
Aluminium in the periodic table
Hydrogen (other non-metal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (other non-metal)
Nitrogen (other non-metal)
Oxygen (other non-metal)
Fluorine (halogen)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (other non-metal)
Sulfur (other non-metal)
Chlorine (halogen)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (other non-metal)
Bromine (halogen)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (halogen)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanoid)
Cerium (lanthanoid)
Praseodymium (lanthanoid)
Neodymium (lanthanoid)
Promethium (lanthanoid)
Samarium (lanthanoid)
Europium (lanthanoid)
Gadolinium (lanthanoid)
Terbium (lanthanoid)
Dysprosium (lanthanoid)
Holmium (lanthanoid)
Erbium (lanthanoid)
Thulium (lanthanoid)
Ytterbium (lanthanoid)
Lutetium (lanthanoid)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (halogen)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinoid)
Thorium (actinoid)
Protactinium (actinoid)
Uranium (actinoid)
Neptunium (actinoid)
Plutonium (actinoid)
Americium (actinoid)
Curium (actinoid)
Berkelium (actinoid)
Californium (actinoid)
Einsteinium (actinoid)
Fermium (actinoid)
Mendelevium (actinoid)
Nobelium (actinoid)
Lawrencium (actinoid)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Ununtrium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununpentium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununseptium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununoctium (unknown chemical properties)
 B
↑
Al
↓
Ga
magnesium ← aluminium → silicon
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)13
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକgroup 13, p-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟperiod 3
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର  post-transition metal
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (±) (Ar)୨୬.୯୮୧୫୩୮୬(13)
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ[Ne] 3s2 3p1
per shell
2, 8, 3
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥାsolid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ933.47 K ​(660.32 °C, ​1220.58 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ2792 K ​(2519 °C, ​4566 °F)
Density near r.t.2.70 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.2.375 g/cm3
Heat of fusion10.71 kJ/mol
Heat of 294.0 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity24.200 J/(mol·K)
 pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1482 1632 1817 2054 2364 2790
Atomic properties
Oxidation states3, 2[୧], 1[୨] ​amphoteric oxide
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.61
energies
(more)
Atomic radiusempirical: 143 pm
Covalent radius୧୨୧±୪ pm
Van der Waals radius184 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure ​face-centered cubic (fcc)
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for aluminium
Speed of sound thin rod(rolled) 5,000 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion23.1 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity237 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity28.2 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[୩]
Young's modulus70 GPa
Shear modulus26 GPa
Bulk modulus76 GPa
Poisson ratio0.35
Mohs hardness2.75
Vickers hardness167 MPa
Brinell hardness245 MPa
CAS Number7429-90-5
ଇତିହାସ
PredictionAntoine Lavoisier[୪] (1787)
First isolationFriedrich Wöhler[୪] (1827)
Named byHumphry Davy[୪] (1807)
Most stable isotopes of aluminium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
26Al trace ୭.୧୭×୧୦୫yr β+ 1.17 26Mg
ε - 26Mg
γ 1.8086 -
27Al 100% 27Al is stable with 14 neutrons
| references

References

These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
  1. ↑ Aluminium monoxide
  2. ↑ Aluminium iodide
  3. ↑ Lide, D. R. (2000). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". [[CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics]] (PDF) (81st ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 0849304814. {{cite book}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help)
  4. ↑ ୪.୦ ୪.୧ ୪.୨ "Aluminum". Los Alamos National Laboratory. Retrieved 3 March 2013.


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