ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆ

ବିଭିନ୍ନ ଦେଶ ଦ୍ୱାରା ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର କରାଯାଉଥିବା ବୈଦ୍ୟୁତିକ କାର୍

ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର, ବଜାର ଭାଗିଦାରୀ

ବିଭିନ୍ନ ଦେଶଦ୍ୱାରା ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର କରାଯାଉଥିବା ବୈଦ୍ୟୁତିକ କାର୍‌ ହେଉଛି ପୃଥିବୀ ସାରା ଥବା ବୈଦ୍ୟୁତିକ ଯାନ‌କୁ ମାପିବା ଶୈଳୀ । ବୈଦ୍ୟୁତିକ ଯାନ‌ର ଲୋକପ୍ରିୟତା ବଢିବାର ମୁଖ୍ୟ କାରଣ‌ଗୁଡ଼ିକ ହେଉଛି, ତ୍ୱରଣ ଓ ଦୂରତାରେ ବୃଦ୍ଧି, ସରକାରୀ ରିହାତି ଓ ପରିବେଶ ଅନୁକୂଳ । ହାଲୁକା ଯାନଙ୍କୁ ଦୁଇ ଭାଗରେ ବିଭକ୍ତ କରାଯାଇଛି, ଯଥା: ବ୍ୟାଟେରୀଦ୍ୱାରା ପରିଚାଳିତ ଯାନ (ବିଇଭି) ଓ ପ୍ଲଗ୍-ଇନ୍ ହାଇବ୍ରିଡ୍ ଯାହା ବ୍ୟାଟେରୀର ଶକ୍ତିକୁ ଆଭ୍ୟନ୍ତରୀଣ ଦ‌ହନ ଇଞ୍ଜିନ୍ (ପିଏଚ୍ଇଭି) ସ‌ହ ଯୋଡାଯାଇ କରାଯାଏ । ୨୦୧୬ର ଶେଷ ଅନୁଯାୟୀ:

  • ମୁଖ୍ୟରାସ୍ତାରେ ଚାଲୁଥିବା ନ୍ୟାୟିକ ହାଲୁକା ଯାନର ବିକ୍ରିରେ ସଞ୍ଚୟୀ ବୃଦ୍ଧି, ଯାହା ୨ ନିୟୁତ ୟୁନିଟ୍, ଯାହାର ୩୮% ୨୦୧୬ରେ ବିକ୍ରି ହୋଇଛି ।[୧]
  • ହାଲୁକା ଯାନ ବିକ୍ରିରେ, କାର୍ କ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ ୦.୮୬% ବୃଦ୍ଧି ପାଇଛି, ଯାହା ୨୦୧୫ରେ ୦.୬୨% ଓ ୨୦୧୪ରେ ୦.୩୮% ଥିଲା ।[୨]
  • ବିଇଭି ଓ ପିଏଚ୍ଇଭି ମଧ୍ଧ୍ୟରେ ଅନୁପାତ ୨୦୧୫ ଶେଷ ସୁଦ୍ଧା ୫୯:୪୧ରୁ ବୃଦ୍ଧି ପାଇ ୬୧:୩୯[୨]ରେ ପ‌ହଁଞ୍ଚିଛି ।[୩]
  • ପିଏଚ୍ଇଭିର ସର୍ବମୋଟ ସଞ୍ଚୟୀ ବିକ୍ରି ୮୦୦,୦୦୦ ୟୁନିଟ୍ ।[୨]
ବିଭିନ୍ନ ଦେଶ ବା ଅଞ୍ଚଳ ଭିତ୍ତିରେ ସର୍ବାଧିକ ବିକ୍ରି ହେଉଥିବା ହାଲୁକା ଯାନ ପୃଥିବୀ ବଜାର (light-duty EV global market)ସୁଦ୍ଧା ଡିସେମ୍ବର 2016.[୧]

ବିଭିନ୍ନ ଦେଶରେ ବୈଦ୍ୟୁତିକ ଯାନର ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର ଗ୍ରାହକ ଦାବି, ବଜାର ଦର ଓ ପ୍ରୋତ୍ସାହନଦ୍ୱାରା ପ୍ରଭାବିତ ହୋଇଥାଏ । ୨୦୧୬ ଅନୁଯାୟୀ:

  • ଚାଇନାର ସର୍ବାଧିକ ନ୍ୟାୟିକ ହାଲୁକା ପ୍ଲଗ୍ ଇନ୍ ଯାନ ଅଛି, ଯାହାର ସଞ୍ଚୟୀ ବିକ୍ରି ୬୪୫,୦୦୦ରୁ ମଧ୍ଧ୍ୟ ଅଧିକ [୧][୪] କିମ୍ବା ସମଗ୍ର ଜମାର ୪୩.୦% ।[୫] ୨୦୧୫ରେ ଚାଇନାର ବୈଦ୍ୟୁତିକ ବସ୍‌ର ବଜାର ୧୭୩,୦୦୦ରେ ପ‌ହଁଞ୍ଚିଥିଲା ।[୩]
  • ୬୩୭,୦୦୦ରୁ ଅଧିକ ଯାତ୍ରୀବାହୀ ବୈଦ୍ୟୁତିକ ଯାନ ୟୁରୋପ୍‌ରେ ନାମାଙ୍କିତ ହୋଇଛି, ଯାହା ମଗ୍ର ଜଗତ ବିକ୍ରିର ୩୧.୪%. ୟୁରୋପୀୟ ହାଲୁକା ବୈଦ୍ୟୁତିକ ଯାନ ବିକ୍ରିରେ ନର‌ୱେ ପ୍ରଥମ ସ୍ଥାନ (୧୩୫,୦୦୦)ରେ ଥିବା ବେଳେ ତା" ପରେ ନେଦର୍‌ଲ୍ୟାଣ୍ଡ୍ (୧୧୩,୦୦୦) ଓ ଫ୍ରାନ୍ସ୍ (୧୦୮,୦୦୦)ରେ ଅଛନ୍ତି ।[୧]
  • ପୃଥିବୀରେ ନର‌ୱେର ନୂଆ ଯାନ ବିକ୍ରିରେ ୧୩୫,୦୦୦ ବା ୨୯.୧%ର ବଜାର ବଣ୍ଟନ ‌ସହ ମୁଣ୍ଦପିଛା ସର୍ବାଧିକ ବଜାର ପ୍ରବେଶ ମଧ୍ଧ୍ୟ ରହିଛି ।[୧] ନର‌ୱେ ରାସ୍ତାର ୫% ଯାନ ପ୍ଲଗ୍-ଇନ୍ ଅଟନ୍ତି ।[୫] ଜୁଲାଇ ୨୦୦୭ ଅନୁଯାୟୀ ଆଇସ୍‌ଲ୍ୟାଣ୍ଡ୍‌ର ବୈଦ୍ୟୁତିକ ଯାନର ବଜାର ପ୍ରବେଶ ୯% । ବୈଦ୍ୟୁତିକ ବ୍ୟବସାୟିକ ଯାନରେ ଫ୍ରାନ୍ସ୍‌ର ସର୍ବାଧିକ ୟୁରୋପୀୟ ବଜାର ଅଛି, ଯାହା ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ବଜାରର ଅଧା ।[୬] ଜୁଲାଇ ୨୦୦୭ର ରିପୋର୍ଟ୍ ଅନୁଯାୟୀ ରିହାତିର ଅନୁପସ୍ଥି ହେତୁ ଡେନ୍‌ମାର୍କ୍‌ର ବଜାର ପ୍ରବେଶ ୦.୧% ।
Comparison of concentration of registered EV cars per 1,000 people among top selling PEV countries and California, ସୁଦ୍ଧା ଡିସେମ୍ବର 2016.

ଇତିହାସ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

୨୦୦୫ ଓ ୨୦୦୯ ମଧ୍ଧ୍ୟରେ ଗଚ୍ଛିତ ହାଲୁକା ଯାନ ମୁଖ୍ୟତଃ ବ୍ୟାଟେରୀ ଚାଳିତ ଥିଲା, ଯାହା ୨୦୦୫ରେ ୧,୭୦୦ ୟୁନିଟ୍ ଓ ୨୦୦୯ରେ ୬,୦୦୦ ୟୁନିଟ୍ ଥିଲା । ୨୦୧୦ରେ ଏହି ସଂଖ୍ୟା ୧୨,୫୦୦କୁ ଛୁଇଁଥିଲା, ଯାହା ମଧ୍ଧ୍ୟରୁ ୩୫୦ଟି ଥିଲା ଆଭ୍ୟନ୍ତରୀଣ ଦ‌ହନ ଇଞ୍ଜିନ୍ ।[୩][୭] ବିଂଶ ଶତାବ୍ଦୀର ଆରମ୍ଭରେ, ବୈଦ୍ୟୁତିକ କାର୍‌ର ସୁବର୍ଣ୍ଣ ସମୟରେ ଗଛ୍ଛିତ ହାଲୁକା ଯାନର ସଂଖ୍ୟା ୩୦,୦୦୦ ଥିଲା ।[୮] ପରେ ୨୦୧୦ ଡିସେମ୍ବରରେ ନିଶାନ୍ ଲିଫ୍ ଓ ଚେଭ୍ରୋଲେଟ୍ ବୋଲ୍ଟ୍‌ର ପ୍ରବେଶ, ମୁଖ୍ୟ ଉତ୍ପାଦନ‌କାରୀଙ୍କ ସାମୁହିକ ଉତ୍ପାଦନ ଫଳରେ, ହାଲୁକା ଯାନ ବିକ୍ରି ୨୦୧୧ରେ ୫୦,୦୦୦, ୨୦୧୨ରେ ୧୨୫,୦୦୦ ଓ ୨୦୧୩ରେ ୨୧୩,୦୦୦ ଛୁଇଁଥିଲା । ୨୦୧୪ରେ ମୋଟ ବିକ୍ରି ୩୧୫,୦୦୦ ଥିଲା, ଯାହା ୨୦୧୩ଠାରୁ ୪୮% ଅଧିକ ଥିଲା ।[୯] ମାର୍ଚ୍ଚ ୨୦୧୪ରେ, ନର‌ୱେ ପ୍ରଥମ ଦେଶ ଥିଲା, ଯେଉଁଠାରେ ପ୍ରତି ୧୦୦ ଜଣରେ ଜଣେ ହାଲୁକା ଯାନ ଚଲାଉଥିଲେ । ପାଞ୍ଚ ବର୍ଷରେ, ମୁଖ୍ୟରାସ୍ତା ନ୍ୟାୟିକ ହାଲୁକା ଯାନର (highway legal light-duty plug-in vehicles) ଜଗତ ସାରା ବିକ୍ରି ଦଶଗୁଣରୁ ଅଧିକ ଥିଲା, ଯାହା ୨୦୧୫ରେ ୫୬୫,୦୦୦ରୁ ଅଧିକ ଥିଲା ଓ ଏହା ୨୦୧୪ଠାରୁ ୮୦% ଅଧିକ ଥିଲା, ଯାହା ମୁଖ୍ୟତଃ ଚାଇନା ଓ ୟୁରୋପରେ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।[୯] ପ୍ରାୟ ୭୭୫,୦୦୦ ବୈଦ୍ୟୁତିକ ଯାନ ୨୦୧୬ରେ ବିକ୍ରି ହୋଇଥିଲା[୧] ଓ ନୂଆ ହାଲୁକା ଯାନର ଜଗତସାରା ବଜାର ଭାଗିଦାରୀ ୨୦୧୬ରେ ୦.୮୬% ଥିଲା, ଯାହା ୨୦୧୫ରେ ୦.୬୨% ଓ ୨୦୧୪ରେ ୦.୩୮% ଥିଲା ।.[୨]

 
Annual sales of light-duty plug-in vehicles in the world's top markets between 2011 and 2016.[୯][୫]
Date Milestone
୧୯୯୬ ଜେନେରାଲ୍ ମୋଟର‌ସ୍ ଇଭି ୧[୧୦]
୧୯୯୭ ଟୟୋଟା ରାଭ୪ ଇଭି[୧୧]
ଡିସେମ୍ବର ୨୦୦୮ ୧୦୦ତମ ଟେସ୍‌ଲା ରୋଡସ୍ଟର [୧୨]
ଡିସେମ୍ବର ୨୦୧୦ Nissan Leaf and Chevrolet Volt deliveries began[୧୩]
ଡିସେମ୍ବର ୨୦୧୨ ବାର୍ଷିକ ଜଗତ ସାରା ବିକ୍ରି ୧୦୦,୦୦୦ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କଲା[୩][୯]
ମାର୍ଚ୍ଚ ୨୦୧୪ ନର‌ୱେର ୧% ଲାର୍ ହେଲୁକା ଯାନ[୧୪]
ଡିସେମ୍ବର ୨୦୧୪ ଜାପାନ୍‌ରେ ୧୦୦,୦୦୦ଟି ହାଲୁକା ଯାନ ବିକ୍ରି ହେଲା[୩][୧୫]
ସେପ୍ଟେମ୍ବର ୨୦୧୫ ଜଗତସାରା ହାଲୁକା ଯାନ ବିକ୍ରି ୧ ନିୟୁତ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କଲା[୧୬]
ଡିସେମ୍ବର ୨୦୧୫ ବାର୍ଷିକ ଜଗତସାରା ବିକ୍ରି ୫୦୦,୦୦୦ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କଲା[୩][୯]
ନର‌ୱେ ରାସ୍ତାରେ ୩% ଯାତ୍ରୀବାହି ଯାନ ହାଲୁକା ଯାନ[୧୭]
ମାର୍ଚ୍ଚ ୨୦୧୬ ଚାଇନାରେ ୫୦୦,୦୦୦ ନୂଆ ଶକ୍ତି ଯାନ ବିକ୍ରି[୧୮] (includes heavy-duty commercial vehicles)
କାଲିଫର୍ଣ୍ଣିଆରେ ୨୦୦,୦୦୦ଟି ହାଲୁକା ଯାନ ବିକ୍ରି[୧୯]
ନର‌ୱେରେ ୧୦୦,୦୦୦ଟି ହାଲୁକା ଯାନ ବିକ୍ରି[୨୦]
ମେ ୨୦୧୬ ଜଗତସାରା ହାଲୁକା ଯାନ ବିକ୍ରି ୧.୫ ନିୟୁତ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କଲା[୨୧]
ୟୁରୋପ୍‌ରେ ୫୦୦,୦୦୦ଟି ହାଲୁକା ଯାନ ବିକ୍ରି[୨୨]
ଅଗଷ୍ଟ ୨୦୧୬ ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରରେ ୫୦୦,୦୦୦ଟି ହାଲୁକା ଯାନ ବିକ୍ରି
ସେପ୍ଟେମ୍ବର ୨୦୧୬ ଚାଇନାରେ ୫୦୦,୦୦୦ଟି ନୂଆ ଶକ୍ତି ଚାଳିତ ଯାତ୍ରୀବାହୀ କାର୍ ବିକ୍ରି ହେଲା[୨୩]
ଜଦତସାରା ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ବୈଦ୍ୟୁତିକ ଯାନ ବିକ୍ରି ୧ ନିୟୁତ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କଲା[୨୪]
ଅକ୍ଟୋବର ୨୦୧୬ ଫ୍ରାନ୍ସରେ ୧୦୦,୦୦୦ଟି ଯାନ ବିକ୍ରି ହେଲା[୨୫][୨୬]
ନଭେମ୍ବର ୨୦୧୬ ନେଦରଲ୍ୟାଣ୍ଡରେ ୧୦୦,୦୦୦ତୀ ଯାନ ବିକ୍ରି ହେଲା[୨୭]
ଡିସେମ୍ବର ୨୦୧୬ ଜଗତସାରା ହାଲୁକା ଯାନ ବିକ୍ରି ୨ ନିୟୁତ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କଲା[୧]
5% of passenger cars on Norwegian roads are plug-ins[୫]

ପରିସଂଖ୍ୟନ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
Light-duty EV stock and PEV market share of total new car sales
in the top ten PEV selling countries ସୁଦ୍ଧା ଡିସେମ୍ବର 2015
Country PEV stock(1) PEV market share Sales
since
2015[୨୮] 2014[୨୯] 2013[୩୦] 2015[୨୮] 2014[୨୯] 2013[୩୦]
  United States ~୪୧୦,୦୦୦ ୨୯୧,୩୩୨ ୧୭୨,୩୩୦ ୦.୬୬% ୦.୭୨% ୦.୬୨% ୨୦୦୮(2)
  ଚୀନ ୨୫୮,୩୨୮ ୮୩,୧୯୮[୧୫] ୨୮,୬୧୯ ୦.୮୪%[୩୧] ୦.୨୩% ୦.୦୮% ୨୦୦୮(2)
  Japan(4) ୧୨୬,୪୨୦[୩] 108,248[୧୫] 74,124 n.a. ୧.୦୬% ୦.୮୫% ୨୦୦୯(3)
  Netherlands ୮୮,୯୯୧ ୪୫,୦୨୦[୩୨] ୨୮,୬୩୭ ୯.୭୪% ୩.୮୭% ୫.୩୭% ୨୦୦୯(3)
  Norway(5) ୮୪,୪୦୧[୩୩] ୪୩,୪୪୨ ୨୦,୪୮୬ ୨୨.୩୯% ୧୩.୮୪% ୫.୬୦% ୨୦୦୩(3)
  France 74,294 43,605(6) 28,560(6) 1.2% 0.70% 0.65% 2010(3)
  United Kingdom 53,524 ~24,500[୩୪] 9,982[୩୪][୩୫] ୧.୧% ୦.୫୯%[୩୫] ୦.୧୬%[୩୫] ୨୦୦୬(3)
  Germany ୪୮,୬୬୯[୨୮][୨୯] ୨୫,୨୦୫[୩୬] ୧୨,୧୫୬[୩୬] ୦.୭୩% ୦.୪୩% ୦.୨୫% ୨୦୦୬(2)
  Canada ୧୭,୦୫୮[୩୭] 10,658[୩୮] 5,596[୩୮] 0.35%[୩୭] 0.27%[୩୮] 0.18%[୩୮] 2011(2)
  Sweden 16,996[୨୯] ୮,୦୭୬ ୩,୧୩୮ ୨.୪୯% ୧.୫୩% ୦.୫୭% ୨୦୧୧(3)
Global Total
(since 2003)		 1,235,000[୨୮] 712,000[୨୯] 405,000[୨୯]
Light-duty EV stock and PEV market share of total new car sales
in selected regional markets
  Europe(7) 425,849[୩୯][୪୦][୪୧] 233,022[୩୯] n.a. ୧.୪୧%[୪୦] ୦.୬୬%[୪୨] ୦.୪୯%[୪୩] ୨୦୧୦(2)
  California[୪୪][୪୫] 191,650 129,484 69,999 3.1% 3.2% 2.5% 2010(2)
EV stock for all class segments in China[୪୬][୪୭]
  ଚୀନ 444,447 113,355 38,592 2011(8)
Notes

(1) EV stock only includes cumulative sales or registrations of highway legal light-duty vehicles except where noted.
(2) Only includes passenger EVs. (3) Includes passenger EVs and BEV utility vans.
(4) Kei cars are not included for the Japanese market share estimate.[୩୦] (5) Includes registrations of used imports.
(6) French registrations do not include PHEVs, which were accounted together with regular hybrids (HEVs).[୪୮]
(7) European figures correspond to European Union member countries plus two EFTA countries (Norway and Switzerland)
(8) Includes passenger EVs and heavy-duty commercial vehicles such as buses and trucks.


Top 10 countries by passenger EV market share of total new car sales between 2017 and 2013
Rank 2017 (July)[୪୯] 2016[୫][୫୦] 2015[୨୮][୫୧] 2014[୨୯] 2013[୫୨]
Country Market
share (%) 		Country Market
share (%) 		Country Market
share (%) 		Country Market
share (%) 		Country Market
share (%)
1   Norway 34.7 %   Norway 29.1 %   Norway 22.39 %   Norway 13.84 %   Norway 6.10 %
2   Iceland 9.0 %   Netherlands 6.4 %   Netherlands 9.74 %   Netherlands 3.87 %   Netherlands 5.55%
3   Sweden 4.3 %   Iceland 4.6 %   Iceland[୫୩] 2.93 %   Iceland[୫୪] 2.71%   Iceland 0.94%
4   Belgium 2.3 %   Sweden 3.5 %   Sweden 2.62 %   Estonia[୫୪] 1.57 % ଛାଞ୍ଚ:JAP 0.91%
5    Switzerland 2.0 %    Switzerland 1.8 %   Denmark 2.29 %   Sweden 1.53 %   France(2) 0.83%
6   Finland 2.0 %   Belgium 1.8 %    Switzerland 1.98 % ଛାଞ୍ଚ:JAP 1.06 %   Estonia 0.73 %
7   Luxembourg 1.8 %   Austria 1.6 %   France 1.19 %   Denmark[୫୫] 0.88%   Sweden 0.71%
8   Netherlands 1.7 %   France 1.4 %   UK 1.07 %    Switzerland[୫୬] 0.75 %   USA 0.60%
9   UK 1.7 %   UK 1.37 %   Austria[୫୭] 0.90 %   USA 0.72 %    Switzerland 0.44%
10   France,   ଚୀନ 1.5 %   ଚୀନ 1.31 %   ଚୀନ[୩୧] 0.84 %   France(2) 0.70%   Denmark 0.29%
Selected regional markets or autonomous territories
passenger EV market share between 2016 and 2013
  Hong Kong ~5 %   Hong Kong[୫୮] 4.84 %   Hong Kong -   Hong Kong[୫୮] 0.39%
  California[୫୯] 3.5 %   California[୪୫] 3.1 %   California[୪୫] 3.2%   California[୪୫] 2.5%
  Europe(1)[୬୦] 1.3 %   Europe(1)[୪୦] 1.41 %   Europe(1)[୪୨] 0.66 %   Europe(1)[୪୩] 0.49%
Notes: (1) European figures correspond to European Union member countries plus two EFTA countries (Norway and Switzerland)
2) The French market share corresponds to combined sales BEV passenger cars and utility vans only (PHEVs not included).


European countries by passenger EV total sales
Country July '17 July '17 YTD July '16 YTD Growth (July '16-17) Growth (July YTD '16-17) 2017 BEV % of total PEVs July '17 PEV market share
  Norway 3968 31063 25045 34 % 24 % 53 % 34.7 %
  Germany 4211 26236 12005 142 % 119 % 45 % 1.3 %
  UK 3499 26928 22932 33 % 17 % 32 % 1.7 %
  France 1483 19941 17727 -6 % 12 % 73 % 1.5 %
  Sweden 1174 9413 6881 19 % 37 % 25 % 4.3 %
  Belgium 1179 8624 5276 118 % 63 % 18 % 2.3 %
  Austria 562 3928 2790 104 % 41 % 81 % 1.8 %
  Spain 608 3096 2066 141 % 50 % 49 % 0.4 %
  Netherlands 442 4375 5357 -43 % -18 % 84 % 1.7 %
  Italy 409 2675 1629 127 % 64 % 41 % 0.2 %
   Switzerland 365 3622 2896 4 % 25 % 61 % 2.0 %
  Portugal 377 2062 1000 155 % 106 % 46 % 1.4 %
  Iceland 335 1434 483 242 % 197 % 35 % 9.0 %
  Finland 233 1491 790 122 % 89 % 21 % 2.0 %
  Ireland 134 658 549 19 % 20 % 70 % 0.6 %
  Luxembourg 99 604 170 890 % 255 % 36 % 1.8 %
  Czech Republic 48 340 167 71 % 104 % 59 % 0.2 %
  Poland 27 290 143 80 % 103 % 82 % 0.1 %
  Slovenia 48 253 108 100 % 134 % 69 % 0.6 %
  Denmark 30 180 295 43 % -39 % 91 % 0.1 %
  Hungary 20 263 173 33 % 52 % 66 % 0.4 %
  Slovakia 22 202 22 633 % 818 % 51 % 0.4 %
  Romania 17 90 60 31 % 50 % 31 % 0.2 %
  Latvia N/A 56 30 N/A % 87 % 70 % 0.6 %
  Turkey 2 49 78 -92 % -37 % 69 % 0.0 %
  Greece 2 47 25 -50 % 88 % 23 % 0.1 %
  Estonia 7 42 53 133 % -21 % 48 % 0.3 %
  Cyprus N/A 37 23 N/A 61 % 73 % 0.4 %
  Lithuania 9 35 60 125 % -42 % 69 % 0.2 %
  Croatia N/A 14 61 N/A -77 % 14 % 0.0 %
  Bulgaria N/A 3 5 N/A -40 % N/A 0.0 %
  Malta N/A N/A 17 N/A N/A N/A N/A

ଅଷ୍ଟ୍ରେଲିଆ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ବେଲ୍‌ଜିୟମ୍

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ବ୍ରାଜିଲ୍

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

କାନ୍ନାଡା

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଚାଇନା

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଚିଲି

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

କଲମ୍ବିଆ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

କୋଷ୍ଟାରିକା

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

କ୍ରୋଆଟିଆ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଡେନ୍‌ମାର୍କ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଇଷ୍ଟୋନିଆ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଫିନ୍‌ଲ୍ୟାଣ୍ଡ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଫ୍ରାନ୍ସ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଜର୍ମାନୀ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ହଂକଂ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ହଙ୍ଗେରୀ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଆଇସ୍‌ଲ୍ୟାଣ୍ଡ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଭାରତ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଇଣ୍ଡୋନେସିଆ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଆୟାରଲ୍ୟାଣ୍ଡ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଇଟାଲୀ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଜାପାନ୍

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ମେକ୍ସିକୋ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ନେଦର୍‌ଲ୍ୟାଣ୍ଡ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ନ୍ୟୁଜିଲ୍ୟାଣ୍ଡ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ନର୍‌ୱେ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଫିଲିପାଇନ୍‌ସ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ପୋଲାଣ୍ଡ

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ପର୍ତ୍ତୁଗାଲ୍

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଆଧାର

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  1. ↑ ୧.୦ ୧.୧ ୧.୨ ୧.୩ ୧.୪ ୧.୫ ୧.୬ ୧.୭ ୧.୮ Cobb, Jeff (2017-01-16). "The World Just Bought Its Two-Millionth Plug-in Car". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2017-01-17. An estimated 2,032,000 highway-legal plug-in passenger cars and vans have been sold worldwide at the end of 2016. The top selling markets are China (645,708 new energy cars, including imports), Europe (638,000 EVs), and the United States (570,187 plug-in cars). The top European country markets are Norway (135,276), the Netherlands (113,636), France (108,065), and the UK (91,000). Total Chinese sales of domestically produced new energy vehicles, including buses and truck, totaled 951,447 vehicles. China was the top selling EV market in 2016, and also has the world's largest stock of plug-in cars.
  2. ↑ ୨.୦ ୨.୧ ୨.୨ ୨.୩ Staff (February 2017). "Global Plug-in Sales for 2016". EV-Volumes.com. Retrieved 2017-02-05.
  3. ↑ ୩.୦ ୩.୧ ୩.୨ ୩.୩ ୩.୪ ୩.୫ ୩.୬ International Energy Agency (IEA), Clean Energy Ministerial, and Electric Vehicles Initiative (EVI) (May 2016). "Global EV Outlook 2016: Beyond one million electric cars" (PDF). IEA Publications. Retrieved 2016-08-24.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) See pp. 4-5, and 24-25 and Statistical annex, pp. 34-37.
  4. ↑ Cobb, Jeff (2016-12-27). "China Takes Lead As Number One In Plug-in Vehicle Sales". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2017-01-06. ନଭେମ୍ବର 2016, cumulative sales of plug-in vehicles in China totaled 846,447 units, including passenger and commercial vehicles, making it the world's leader in overall EV sales. With cumulative sales of about 600,000 passenger EVs through November 2016, China is also the global leader in the EV industry, ahead of Europe and the U.S.
  5. ↑ ୫.୦ ୫.୧ ୫.୨ ୫.୩ ୫.୪ ୫.୫ Cobb, Jeff (2017-01-17). "Top 10 Plug-in Vehicle Adopting Countries of 2016". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2017-01-23.
  6. ↑ Fergusson, Malcolm (October 2016). "Electric Vehicles in Europe - 2016: Approaching adolescence" (PDF). Transport & Environment. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-10-18. Retrieved 2016-10-13. See pp. 15-16.
  7. ↑ Clark, Pilita; Campbell, Peter (2016-08-31). "Motor Industry: Pressure on the Pump". Financial Times. Retrieved 2016-09-30.
  8. ↑ Justin Gerdes (2012-05-11). "The Global Electric Vehicle Movement: Best Practices From 16 Cities". Forbes. Retrieved 2014-10-20.
  9. ↑ ୯.୦ ୯.୧ ୯.୨ ୯.୩ ୯.୪ Argonne National Laboratory, United States Department of Energy (2016-03-28). "Fact#918: March 28, 2016 - Global Plug-in Light Vehicles Sales Increased By About 80% in 2015". Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy. Retrieved 2016-03-29.
  10. ↑ Quiroga, Tony (August 2009). "Driving the Future". Car and Driver. Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S., Inc. p. 52.
  11. ↑ Sherry Boschert (2006). PHEVs: The Cars that will Recharge America. New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island, Canada. ISBN 978-0-86571-571-4.
  12. ↑ "Tesla Motors hands keys to 100th Roadster owner". The Mercury News. 2008-12-10. Retrieved 2016-10-01.
  13. ↑ Cobb, Jeff (2014-12-10). "Retrospective: Four Years of Nissan Leaf and Chevy Volt". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-10-01.
  14. ↑ Klippenstein, Matthew (2014-04-08). "One Percent Of Norway's Cars Are Already plug-ins". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2016-10-31.
  15. ↑ ୧୫.୦ ୧୫.୧ ୧୫.୨ International Energy Agency, Clean Energy Ministerial, and Electric Vehicles Initiative (EVI) (March 2015). "Global EV Outlook 2015" (PDF). Clean Energy Ministerial. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 2015-03-14.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) The EV Outlook 2015 figures include only passenger EVs and SUVs (excludes light-weight utility vehicles) and total sales/registrations figures correspond to the 16 EVI countries, which are estimated to represent 95% of the global PEV stock. ଡିସେମ୍ବର 2014, the Japanese stock of EVs totaled 108,241 units, and China had about 36,500 BEV buses.
  16. ↑ Jeff Cobb (2015-09-16). "One Million Global Plug-In Sales Milestone Reached". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2015-10-10.
  17. ↑ Petter Haugneland (2016-02-29). "Nasjonal transportplan: Elbil er klimaløsningen" [National Transport: EV is the climate solution] (in Norwegian). Norsk Elbilforening (Norwegian Electric Vehicle Association). Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2016-03-04.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  18. ↑ Cobb, Jeff (2016-05-11). "China Reports 500,000th Plug-in Vehicle Sold". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-05-12. ମାର୍ଚ୍ଚ 2016, a total of 502,572 new energy vehicles have been sold in China since 2011, consisting of 366,219 BEV vehicles (72.9%) and 136,353 PHEVs (27.1%). Sales since 2011 includes heavy-duty commercial vehicles such buses and sanitation trucks, and only accounts for vehicles manufactured in the country.
  19. ↑ Cobb, Jeff (2016-03-14). "Californians Will Buy 200,000th Plug-in Car By This Month". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-03-15. Sales of plug-in cars in California passed the 200,000 unit milestone in March 2016, representing 47% of the 425,000 plug-in cars sold in the U.S. through February 2016.
  20. ↑ Cobb, Jeff (2016-05-09). "Norway Is Fourth Country To Register 100,000 Plug-in Cars". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-05-09. ଅପ୍ରେଲ 2016, the United States is the leading country market with a stock of about 450,000 highway legal light-duty plug-in vehicles delivered since 2008. China ranks second with around 300,000 units sold since 2011, followed by Japan with about 150,000 plug-in units sold since 2009, both through March 2016. European sales are led by Norway with over 100,000 units registered by the end of April 2016.
  21. ↑ Cobb, Jeff (2016-06-22). "Global Plug-in Car Sales Cruise Past 1.5 Million". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-06-22.
  22. ↑ Cobb, Jeff (2016-06-15). "Europe Buys Its 500,000th Plug-in Vehicle". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-06-15. ମଇ 2016, cumulative sales by country are led by the United States with a stock of more than 460,000 highway legal light-duty plug-in vehicles delivered since 2008. China ranks second with almost 390,000 units sold since 2011. Europe is the largest regional market with more than 500,000 plug-in passenger cars and vans registered through May 2016.
  23. ↑ Cobb, Jeff (2016-09-28). "China Buys Half-Millionth Passenger Plug-in Car; On Track To Surpass US". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-09-28. Sales of new energy vehicles totaled 689,447 units between 2011 and August 2016. Cumulative sales of new energy passenger cars totaled 493,290 units between 2010 and August 2016.
  24. ↑ Shahan, Zachary (2016-11-22). "1 Million Pure EVs Worldwide: EV Revolution Begins!". Clean Technica. Retrieved 2016-11-23.
  25. ↑ Cobb, Jeff (2016-10-10). "France Becomes Fifth Nation To Buy 100,000 Plug-in Vehicles". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-10-10.
  26. ↑ Foucaud, Isabelle (2016-10-01). "Plus de 100.000 véhicules électriques circulent aujourd'hui en France" [More than 100,000 electric vehicles currently on the road in France]. Le Figaro (in French). Retrieved 2016-10-10.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Environment Minister, Ségolène Royal, announced during the 2016 Paris Motor Show that there are more than 100,000 electric vehicles currently on French roads.
  27. ↑ Cobb, Jeff (2016-11-17). "The Netherlands Becomes Sixth Country To Buy 100,000 Plug-in Vehicles". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-11-18.
  28. ↑ ୨୮.୦ ୨୮.୧ ୨୮.୨ ୨୮.୩ ୨୮.୪ Cobb, Jeff (2016-01-18). "Top Six Plug-in Vehicle Adopting Countries – 2015". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-01-23. About 520,000 highway legal light-duty plug-in vehicles were sold worldwide in 2015, with cumulative global sales reaching 1,235,000. The United States is currently the leading market, with 411,120 units sold since 2008, followed by China, with 258,328 units sold since 2011. Japan ranks third (about 130,000), followed by the Netherlands (88,991), Norway (77,897), France (74,291), and the UK (53,254). Four of these countries achieved a PEV market share over 1% of new car sales in 2015: Norway (22.39%), the Netherlands (9.74%), France (1.2%), and the UK (1.1%)
  29. ↑ ୨୯.୦ ୨୯.୧ ୨୯.୨ ୨୯.୩ ୨୯.୪ ୨୯.୫ ୨୯.୬ Jeff Cobb (2015-02-18). "Top 6 Plug-In Vehicle Adopting Countries – 2014". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2015-02-18.
  30. ↑ ୩୦.୦ ୩୦.୧ ୩୦.୨ Jeff Cobb (2014-01-16). "Top 6 Plug-In Vehicle Adopting Countries". HybridCars.com. Archived from the original on 2015-02-21. Retrieved 2014-01-18. Over 172,000 highway-capable passenger vehicles have been sold in the U.S. between 2008 and December 2013.
  31. ↑ ୩୧.୦ ୩୧.୧ Jose, Pontes (2016-01-12). "China December 2015 (3rd Update)". EVSales.com. Retrieved 2016-02-08.
  32. ↑ Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland (RVO) (January 2015). "Special: Analyse over 2014" [Special: Analysis of 2014] (PDF) (in Dutch). RVO (Dutch National Office for Enterprising). Retrieved 2015-02-24.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) See total 2014 registration by type of PEV under the heading "31-12-2014". The market share of the passenger EV segment in 2014 was 3.86% of total new passenger car registrations.
  33. ↑ "Ladbare biler i Norge sep, 2015" [Rechargeable cars in Norway September 2015] (in Norwegian). Grønn bil. October 2015. Archived from the original on 2015-01-17. Retrieved 2015-10-14.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Click on the bar graph "Registrerte biler" and select "12 mnd" for registrations for each year. Registrations include new and used imports. Move the mouse over each bar to show the sales split between BEV and PHEVs by year. Registrations totaled 44,769 light-duty EVs at the end of 2014, and 74,282 at the end of September 2015. [dead link]
  34. ↑ ୩୪.୦ ୩୪.୧ Ben Lane (2015-01-12). "UK electric fleet passes 24,500 mark". UK: Next Green Car. Retrieved 2015-01-19.
  35. ↑ ୩୫.୦ ୩୫.୧ ୩୫.୨ Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders(SMMT) (2015-01-07). "December 2014 – EV registrations". SMT. Retrieved 2015-01-08. A total of 14,518 plug-in cars were registered during 2014, consisting of 6,697 BEVs and 7,821 PHEVs, up from 3,586 plug-in cars were registered in 2013. A total of 2,476,435 new cars were registered in 2014.
  36. ↑ ୩୬.୦ ୩୬.୧ Henk Bekker (2014-03-29). "2014 Germany: Total Number of Electric Cars". BestSellingCars.com. Retrieved 2014-08-23. Cumulative number of registered electric cars was 12,156 as of January 1, 2014.
  37. ↑ ୩୭.୦ ୩୭.୧ Klippenstein, Matthew (2016-01-20). "plug-in car sales in Canada, December 2015: Tesla Model S-Capades". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2016-06-19. Estimated sales for Ford Energi models. Tesla Model S, Smart ED and the other figures with yellow background from IHS data.
  38. ↑ ୩୮.୦ ୩୮.୧ ୩୮.୨ ୩୮.୩ Klippenstein, Matthew (2015-02-06). "plug-in car sales in Canada, January 2015". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2015-02-07. Estimated sales for Ford Energi models. Tesla Model S, Smart ED and the other figures with yellow background from IHS data.
  39. ↑ ୩୯.୦ ୩୯.୧ Roger Schreffler (2015-09-23). "PSA, Toyota Lead Way as European Cars Get Cleaner". Ward's Auto. Archived from the original on 2015-09-25. Retrieved 2015-09-24. Cumulative PHEV and BEV sales in Europe totaled 233,022 units as of December 2014.
  40. ↑ ୪୦.୦ ୪୦.୧ ୪୦.୨ Automotive Industry Data (AID) (2016-02-15). "PHEVs - Take off or transitory blip?". AID Newsletter. Retrieved 2016-02-19. Market share only includes Western European countries. A total of 95,140 PHEV cars were sold in Europe in 2015.
  41. ↑ Association Nationale pour le Développement de la Mobilité Electrique - AVERE France (2016-03-24). "Quelle est la place de la France sur le marché européen du véhicule électrique ?" [What is the place of France in the European electric vehicle market] (in French). AVERE. Archived from the original on 2018-08-22. Retrieved 2016-03-27.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) A total of 97,687 BEV vehicles, including vans, were registered in the European market in 2015, up from 65,199 in 2014 (+49.8%).
  42. ↑ ୪୨.୦ ୪୨.୧ Staff (February 2016). "Europe Plug-in Sales Q4 and Full Year 2015". EVvolumes.com. Retrieved 2016-02-19.
  43. ↑ ୪୩.୦ ୪୩.୧ International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) (2014). "European Vehicle Market Statistics Pocketbook" (PDF). ICCT. Retrieved 2016-02-21. See page 88: EU-28 market share in 2013 was 0.42% (includes BEV cars and PHEVs). Adjusted to consider sales/registrations in Norway (5.79%) and Switzerland (0.57%) the market share rises to 0.49%.
  44. ↑ California New Car Dealers Association (CNCDA) (February 2015). "California Auto Outlook Covering Fourth Quarter 2014: New Light Vehicle Registrations Likely to Exceed 1.9 million units in 2015" (PDF). CNCDA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 2015-03-15. Registrations through December 2014 since 2010.
  45. ↑ ୪୫.୦ ୪୫.୧ ୪୫.୨ ୪୫.୩ California New Car Dealers Association (CNCDA) (February 2016). "California New Vehicle Registrations Expected to Remain Above 2 Million Units in 2016". CNCDA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-02-17. Retrieved 2016-02-17. Registrations through December 2015 since 2011. Revised figures for 2014.
  46. ↑ China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (2012-01-16). "5,579 electric cars sold in China in 2011". Wind Energy and Electric Vehicle Review. Retrieved 2014-01-12.
  47. ↑ Cars21.com (2013-02-13). "EV sales increase 103.9% in China in 2012- Electric China Weekly No 17". Cars21.com. Retrieved 2014-01-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  48. ↑ Philippe Schwoerer (2015-01-09). "Quel marché espérer en 2015 pour le véhicule électrique ?" [What the market expects in 2015 for the electric vehicle] (in French). Association pour l'Avenir du Véhicule Electrique Méditerranéen (AVEM). Retrieved 2015-02-01.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) The BMW i3 with range extender is often excluded of the count of BEV cars because in France it is classified and accounted together with conventional hybrids.
  49. ↑ Matt Bohlsen (Aug 1, 2017). "EV Company News For The Month Of July 2017". Seeking Alpha.
  50. ↑ Jose, Pontes (2017-01-31). "Markets Roundup December 2016 (Special Edition)". EVSales.com. Retrieved 2017-02-08. For countries with top PEV market share in 2016 see "II. Engines of Growth: By EV share - Hong Kong ~5%, Iceland 4.6%, Switzerland 1.8%, Belgium 1.8, and 1.6% Austria.
  51. ↑ Jose, Pontes (2016-02-03). "Markets Roundup December 2015 (Special Edition)". EVSales.com. Retrieved 2016-02-17. For countries with top PEV market share in 2015 see "Engines of Growth:" Hong Kong 4.84%, Denmark 2.29%, and Switzerland 1.98%.
  52. ↑ Zachary Shahan (2013-03-07). "Electric vehicle market share in 19 countries". ABB Conversations. Retrieved 2014-04-12.
  53. ↑ Jose, Pontes (2016-01-29). "Iceland December 2015". EVSales.com. Retrieved 2016-02-17.
  54. ↑ ୫୪.୦ ୫୪.୧ Jose Pontes (2015-02-06). "Markets Roundup December 2014 (Special Edition)". EV Sales. Retrieved 2015-03-15. See section "Engines of Growth - by EV share" Estonia's market shared in 2014 climbed to 1.57% from 0.68% in 2013. Iceland's market share grew from 0.21% in 2012, to 0.94% in 2013, to 2.71% in 2014.
  55. ↑ Jose Pontes (2015-01-10). "Denmark December 2014". EVSales.com. Retrieved 2015-03-15. Denmark's PEV market shared in 2014 was 0.88% of total new car sales.
  56. ↑ Jose Pontes (2015-01-18). "Switzerland December 2014". EVSales.com. Retrieved 2015-03-15. Switzerland's PEV market shared in 2014 was 0.75% of total new car sales.
  57. ↑ Statistik Austria (2016-03-16). "Kraftfahrzeuge - Neuzulassungen: Neuzulassungen nach Jahren" [Motor vehicles - registrations: Registrations by year] (in German). Statistik Austria. Retrieved 2016-03-20.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Download the file "Kfz-Neuzulassungen Jänner bis Dezember 2015." A total of 2,778 passenger plug-in cars were sold in Austria in 2015 out of 308,555 passenger cars, resulting in a market share of 0.90% (see pp. 78 PDF version).
  58. ↑ ୫୮.୦ ୫୮.୧ "EV Sales".
  59. ↑ California New Car Dealers Association (CNCDA) (February 2017). "State New Vehicle Market Up Slightly in 2016; Similar Outlook for 2017". CNCDA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-02-17. Retrieved 2017-02-24. Registrations through December 2016 since 2012. Revised figures for 2015. The share reached 3.5% in 2016 consisting of 1.6% for PHEVs and 1.9% for BEV cars.
  60. ↑ LeSage, Jon (2016-02-06). "Renault Zoe Ekes By Mitsubishi Outlander in 2016 European Plug-in Sales". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2017-02-06.
"https://or.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ବିଭିନ୍ନ_ଦେଶ_ଦ୍ୱାରା_ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର_କରାଯାଉଥିବା_ବୈଦ୍ୟୁତିକ_କାର୍&oldid=544047"ରୁ ଅଣାଯାଇଅଛି