ଅକ୍ସିକୋଡୋନ

ଅକ୍ସିକୋଡୋନ
Clinical data
Pronunciation	ɒksɪˈkəʊdəʊn
Trade names	OxyContin, others
Synonyms	Eukodal, eucodal; dihydrohydroxycodeinone, 7,8-dihydro-14-hydroxycodeinone, 6-deoxy-7,8-dihydro-14-hydroxy-3-O-methyl-6-oxomorphine
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
MedlinePlus	a682132
Pregnancy; category	AU: C ; US: B (No risk in non-human studies) ; ;
Dependence; liability	High
Routes of; administration	By mouth, sublingual, intramuscular, intravenous, intranasal, subcutaneous, transdermal, rectal, epidural
ATC code	N02AA05 (WHO) ; N02AA55 (in combinations);
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S8 (Controlled) ; CA: Schedule I ; DE: Anlage III (Prescription only) ; UK: Class A ; US: Schedule II ;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	By mouth: 60–87%
Protein binding	45%
Metabolism	Liver: mainly CYP3A, and, to a much lesser extent, CYP2D6 (~5%); 95% metabolized (i.e., 5% excreted unchanged)
Metabolites	• Noroxycodone (25%) ; • Noroxymorphone (15%, free and conjugated); • Oxymorphone (11%, conjugated); • Others (e.g., minor metabolites)
Onset of action	IR: 10–30 minutes; CR: 1 hour
Elimination half-life	By mouth (IR): 2–3 hrs (same t1/2 for all ROAs); By mouth (CR): 4.5 hrs
Duration of action	By mouth (IR): 3–6 hrs; By mouth (CR): 10–12 hrs
Excretion	Urine (83%)
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (5R,9R,13S,14S)-4,5α-Epoxy-14-hydroxy-3-methoxy-17-methylmorphinan-6-one;
CAS Number	76-42-6 ;
PubChem CID	5284603;
IUPHAR/BPS	7093;
DrugBank	DB00497 ;
ChemSpider	4447649 ;
UNII	CD35PMG570;
KEGG	D05312 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:7852 ;
ChEMBL	CHEMBL656 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.874
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C18H21NO4
Molar mass	315.364 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Melting point	219 °C (426 °F)
Solubility in water	HCl: 166 mg/mL (20 °C)
	SMILES O=C4[C@@H]5Oc1c2c(ccc1OC)C[C@H]3N(CC[C@]25[C@@]3(O)CC4)C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C18H21NO4/c1-19-8-7-17-14-10-3-4-12(22-2)15(14)23-16(17)11(20)5-6-18(17,21)13(19)9-10/h3-4,13,16,21H,5-9H2,1-2H3/t13-,16+,17+,18-/m1/s1 ; Key:BRUQQQPBMZOVGD-XFKAJCMBSA-N ;
(verify)

ଅକ୍ସିକୋଡୋନ (ଇଂରାଜୀ ଭାଷାରେ Oxycodone, ଏକ ବିକ୍ରୟ ନାମ ଅକ୍ସିକୋଣ୍ଟିନ/ OxyContin) ଏକ ଓପିଅଏଡ (opioid) ଔଷଧ ଯାହା ମଧ୍ୟମ ଓ ସାଂଘାତିକ ଧରଣ ଯନ୍ତ୍ରଣା (pain) ଲାଘବ ନିମନ୍ତେ ଦିଆଯାଏ ।^[୧୦] ଏହି ଔଷଧ ପାଟିରେ (by mouth) ଦିଆଯାଏ ଓ ଏହା ତୁରନ୍ତ ବିମୋଚନ (immediate release) ଓ ନିୟନ୍ତ୍ରିତ ବିମୋଚନ (controlled release) ଫର୍ମୁଲାରେ ମିଳେ ।^[୧୦] ତୁରନ୍ତ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ଷମ ଔଷଧ ଦେବାର ୧୫ ମିନିଟ ମଧ୍ୟରେ କଷ୍ଟ ଲାଘବ ଆରମ୍ଭ ହୋଇ ପ୍ରାୟ ୬ ଘଣ୍ଟା ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ କାମ କରେ ।^[୧୦] ସଂଯୁକ୍ତ ରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରରେ (United Kingdom) ଏହା ଇଞ୍ଜେକସନ (by injection) ଆକାରରେ ମିଳେ ।^[୧୧] ଅନ୍ୟ ଔଷଧ ଯେପରିକି ପାରାସେଟାମୋଲ ବା ଆସ୍ପିରିନ ସାଥିରେ ମିଶ୍ରିତ ଔଷଧ (Combination product) ଆକାରରେ ମଧ୍ୟ ଏହା ମିଳେ ।^[୧୦]

ଅକ୍ସିକୋଡୋନର ସାଧାରଣ ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟାରେ କୋଷ୍ଠକାଠିନ୍ୟ, ଅଇ (nausea), ନିଦ୍ରାଳୁ ଭାବ, ମୁଣ୍ଡ ଓଜନିଆ (dizziness), ଗଲୁ (itching), ଶୁଷ୍କ ପାଟି (dry mouth) ଓ ସ୍ୱେଦ ନିର୍ଗତ (sweating) ଇତ୍ୟାଦି ହୋଇପାରେ ।^[୧୦] ସାଂଘାତିକ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟା ହେଲେ ଔଷଧ ନିଶା (addiction), ନ୍ୟୁନ ଶ୍ୱାସକ୍ରିୟା (respiratory depression) ଓ ସ୍ୱଳ୍ପ ରକ୍ତଚାପ (low blood pressure) ଇତ୍ୟାଦି ହୋଇପାରେ । ^[୧୦] କୋଡିନ (codeine) ପ୍ରତି ଆଲର୍ଜି ଥିଲେ ଅକ୍ସିକୋଡୋନ ପ୍ରତି ମଧ୍ୟ ଆଲର୍ଜି ହୋଇପାରେ । ^[୧୦] ଗର୍ଭାବସ୍ଥାର ପ୍ରଥମ ଭାଗରେ ଏହା ଅପେକ୍ଷାକୃତ ବିପଦମୁକ୍ତ ।^[୧୦] ଏହି ଔଷଧ ଦେବା ହଠାତ୍ ବନ୍ଦ କରିଦେଲେ ଓପିଅଏଡ ଉଇଥଡ୍ରାଅଲ (Opioid withdrawal) ହୋଇପାରେ ।^[୧୦] μ-ଓପିଅଏଡ ରିସେପ୍ଟରକୁ (μ-opioid receptor) ଏହା ସକ୍ରିୟ କରିଦିଏ ।^[୧୨] ସମ ପରିମାଣର ଅଫିମ (morphine) ଅପେକ୍ଷା ଏହା ୧.୫ଗୁଣା ପ୍ରଭାବ ପକାଇପାରେ ।^[୧୩]

ଜର୍ମାନୀରେ ସନ ୧୯୧୬ରେ ପ୍ରଥମେ ଥିବେନରୁ (thebaine) ଅକ୍ସିକୋଡୋନ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ କରାଯାଇଥିଲା । ^[୧୪] ଏହା ଜେନେରିକ ଔଷଧ ନାମରେ (generic medication) ବିକ୍ରୟ ହୁଏ ।^[୧୦] ସନ ୨୦୧୮ରେ ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ର ଆମେରିକାରେ ଏହାର ଏକ ଡୋଜର ହୋଲସେଲ ମୂଲ୍ୟ ୦.୩୦ ଆମେରିକୀୟ ଡଲାରରୁ କମ୍ ଥିଲା । ^[୧୫] ସନ ୨୦୧୬ରେ ଏହାର ୧୪ ନିୟୁତ ପ୍ରେସକ୍ରିପସନ ହୋଇ ୫୪ତମ ସର୍ବାଧିକ ପ୍ରେସକ୍ରିପସନର ମାନ୍ୟତା ପାଇଥିଲା ।^[୧୬] ଏହା ଏକ ସାଧାରଣ ନିଶାଦ୍ରବ୍ୟ (drug of abuse) ଭାବରେ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର କରାଯାଏ ।^[୧୭] ଏହା ସହିତ ନାଲୋକ୍ସୋନ ମିଶ୍ରିତ ନିଶା ନିବାରକ ଅକ୍ସିକୋଡୋନ/ନାଲୋକ୍ସୋନ (combination with naloxone) ଫର୍ମୁଲା ମିଳୁଛି ।^[୧୭]^[୧୮]

ଆଧାର

↑ Kalso E (2005). "Oxycodone". Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 29 (5S): S47–S56. doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2005.01.010. PMID 15907646.
↑ O'Neil, Maryadele J., ed. (2006). The Merck index (14 ed.). Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck & Co. ISBN 978-0-911910-00-1.
↑ ^୩.୦ ^୩.୧ ^୩.୨ ^୩.୩ "Roxicodone, OxyContin (oxycodone) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more". Medscape Reference. WebMD. Retrieved 8 April 2014.
↑ ^୪.୦ ^୪.୧ ^୪.୨ ^୪.୩ ^୪.୪ ^୪.୫ ^୪.୬ ^୪.୭ Howard Smith; Steven Passik (25 April 2008). Pain and Chemical Dependency. Oxford University Press USA. pp. 195–. ISBN 978-0-19-530055-0.
↑ ^୫.୦ ^୫.୧ ^୫.୨ Jennifer A. Elliott; Howard S. Smith (19 April 2016). Handbook of Acute Pain Management. CRC Press. pp. 82–. ISBN 978-1-4665-9635-1.
↑ ^୬.୦ ^୬.୧ ^୬.୨ "Roxicodone, OxyContin (oxycodone) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more". Medscape Reference. WebMD. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
↑ Connie Henke Yarbro; Debra Wujcik; Barbara Holmes Gobel (15 November 2010). Cancer Nursing: Principles and Practice. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. pp. 695–. ISBN 978-1-4496-1829-2.
↑ Richard A. McPherson; Matthew R. Pincus (31 March 2016). Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 336–. ISBN 978-0-323-41315-2.
↑ Sunshine, Abraham; Olson, Nancy Z.; Colon, Ariel; Rivera, Juana; Kaiko, Robert F.; Fitzmartin, Ronald D.; Reder, Robert F.; Goldenheim, Paul D. (July 1996). "Analgesic Efficacy of Controlled-Release Oxycodone in Postoperative Pain". Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 36 (7): 595–603. doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1996.tb04223.x. PMID 8844441. Treatment with CR oxycodone was safe and effective in this study, and its characteristics will be beneficial in the treatment of pain.
↑ ^{୧୦.୦୦} ^{୧୦.୦୧} ^{୧୦.୦୨} ^{୧୦.୦୩} ^{୧୦.୦୪} ^{୧୦.୦୫} ^{୧୦.୦୬} ^{୧୦.୦୭} ^{୧୦.୦୮} ^{୧୦.୦୯} "Oxycodone Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). AHFS. Retrieved 28 December 2018.
↑ British national formulary : BNF 74 (74 ed.). British Medical Association. 2017. p. 442. ISBN 978-0857112989.
↑ Nicholas J Talley; Brad Frankum; David Currow (10 February 2015). Essentials of Internal Medicine 3e. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 491–. ISBN 978-0-7295-8081-6.
↑ "Stanford School of Medicine, Palliative Care, Opioid Conversion / Equivalency Table". 2013-04-20. Archived from the original on 2020-09-09. Retrieved 2019-03-03. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
↑ Sneader, W. (2005). Drug discovery: a history. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. p. 119. ISBN 978-0-471-89980-8.
↑ "NADAC as of 2018-12-19". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Archived from the original on 2018-12-19. Retrieved 22 December 2018.
↑ "The Top 300 of 2019". clincalc.com. Retrieved 22 December 2018.
↑ ^୧୭.୦ ^୧୭.୧ Pergolizzi JV, Jr; Taylor R, Jr; LeQuang, JA; Raffa, RB (2018). "Managing severe pain and abuse potential: the potential impact of a new abuse-deterrent formulation oxycodone/naltrexone extended-release product". Journal of Pain Research. 11: 301–311. doi:10.2147/JPR.S127602. PMC 5810535. PMID 29445297.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
↑ Dart, RC; Iwanicki, JL; Dasgupta, N; Cicero, TJ; Schnoll, SH (2017). "Do abuse deterrent opioid formulations work?". Journal of Opioid Management. 13 (6): 365–378. doi:10.5055/jom.2017.0415. PMID 29308584.

ଅଧିକ ପଢ଼ନ୍ତୁ

Coluzzi, F.; Mattia, C. (July–August 2005). "Oxycodone. Pharmacological profile and clinical data in chronic pain management" (PDF). Minerva Anestesiol. 71 (7–8): 451–60. PMID 16012419. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 9, 2006.

[Kalso-1] Kalso E (2005). "Oxycodone". Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 29 (5S): S47–S56. doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2005.01.010. PMID 15907646.

[MerckIndex-2] O'Neil, Maryadele J., ed. (2006). The Merck index (14 ed.). Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck & Co. ISBN 978-0-911910-00-1.

[MSR-3] ୩.୦ ^୩.୧ ^୩.୨ ^୩.୩ "Roxicodone, OxyContin (oxycodone) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more". Medscape Reference. WebMD. Retrieved 8 April 2014.

[SmithPassik2008-4] ୪.୦ ^୪.୧ ^୪.୨ ^୪.୩ ^୪.୪ ^୪.୫ ^୪.୬ ^୪.୭ Howard Smith; Steven Passik (25 April 2008). Pain and Chemical Dependency. Oxford University Press USA. pp. 195–. ISBN 978-0-19-530055-0.

[ElliottSmith2016-5] ୫.୦ ^୫.୧ ^୫.୨ Jennifer A. Elliott; Howard S. Smith (19 April 2016). Handbook of Acute Pain Management. CRC Press. pp. 82–. ISBN 978-1-4665-9635-1.

[Medscape-6] ୬.୦ ^୬.୧ ^୬.୨ "Roxicodone, OxyContin (oxycodone) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more". Medscape Reference. WebMD. Retrieved 4 January 2019.

[YarbroWujcik2010-7] Connie Henke Yarbro; Debra Wujcik; Barbara Holmes Gobel (15 November 2010). Cancer Nursing: Principles and Practice. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. pp. 695–. ISBN 978-1-4496-1829-2.

[McPhersonPincus2016-8] Richard A. McPherson; Matthew R. Pincus (31 March 2016). Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 336–. ISBN 978-0-323-41315-2.

[sunshine1996-9] Sunshine, Abraham; Olson, Nancy Z.; Colon, Ariel; Rivera, Juana; Kaiko, Robert F.; Fitzmartin, Ronald D.; Reder, Robert F.; Goldenheim, Paul D. (July 1996). "Analgesic Efficacy of Controlled-Release Oxycodone in Postoperative Pain". Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 36 (7): 595–603. doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1996.tb04223.x. PMID 8844441. Treatment with CR oxycodone was safe and effective in this study, and its characteristics will be beneficial in the treatment of pain.

[AHFS2018-10] {୧୦.୦୦} ^{୧୦.୦୧} ^{୧୦.୦୨} ^{୧୦.୦୩} ^{୧୦.୦୪} ^{୧୦.୦୫} ^{୧୦.୦୬} ^{୧୦.୦୭} ^{୧୦.୦୮} ^{୧୦.୦୯} "Oxycodone Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). AHFS. Retrieved 28 December 2018.

[BNF74-11] British national formulary : BNF 74 (74 ed.). British Medical Association. 2017. p. 442. ISBN 978-0857112989.

[TalleyFrankum2015-12] Nicholas J Talley; Brad Frankum; David Currow (10 February 2015). Essentials of Internal Medicine 3e. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 491–. ISBN 978-0-7295-8081-6.

[13] "Stanford School of Medicine, Palliative Care, Opioid Conversion / Equivalency Table". 2013-04-20. Archived from the original on 2020-09-09. Retrieved 2019-03-03. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[Oxysynthesis2005-14] Sneader, W. (2005). Drug discovery: a history. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. p. 119. ISBN 978-0-471-89980-8.

[15] "NADAC as of 2018-12-19". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Archived from the original on 2018-12-19. Retrieved 22 December 2018.

[16] "The Top 300 of 2019". clincalc.com. Retrieved 22 December 2018.

[Per2018-17] ୧୭.୦ ^୧୭.୧ Pergolizzi JV, Jr; Taylor R, Jr; LeQuang, JA; Raffa, RB (2018). "Managing severe pain and abuse potential: the potential impact of a new abuse-deterrent formulation oxycodone/naltrexone extended-release product". Journal of Pain Research. 11: 301–311. doi:10.2147/JPR.S127602. PMC 5810535. PMID 29445297.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

[18] Dart, RC; Iwanicki, JL; Dasgupta, N; Cicero, TJ; Schnoll, SH (2017). "Do abuse deterrent opioid formulations work?". Journal of Opioid Management. 13 (6): 365–378. doi:10.5055/jom.2017.0415. PMID 29308584.

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