ମିଥାଇଲଫେନିଡେଟ

ମିଥାଇଲଫେନିଡେଟ
Clinical data
Pronunciation	/ˌmɛθəlˈfɛnɪdeɪt, -ˈfiː-/
Trade names	Ritalin, Concerta, others
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
MedlinePlus	a682188
data	US FDA: Methylphenidate;
Pregnancy; category	AU: B3 ; US: C (Risk not ruled out) ; ;
Addiction; liability	High
Routes of; administration	By mouth, transdermal
ATC code	N06BA04 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S8 (Controlled) ; CA: Schedule III ; DE: Anlage III (Prescription only) ; UK: Class B ; US: Schedule II ;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	~30% (range: 11–52%)
Protein binding	10–33%
Metabolism	Liver (80%) mostly CES1A1-mediated
Elimination half-life	2–3 hours
Excretion	Urine (90%)
Identifiers
	IUPAC name Methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate;
CAS Number	113-45-1 ;
PubChem CID	4158;
IUPHAR/BPS	7236;
DrugBank	DB00422 ;
ChemSpider	4015 ;
UNII	207ZZ9QZ49;
KEGG	D04999 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:6887 ;
ChEMBL	CHEMBL796 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.003.662
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C14H19NO2
Molar mass	233.31 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Melting point	74 °C (165 °F)
Boiling point	136 °C (277 °F)
	SMILES O=C(OC)C(C1CCCCN1)C2=CC=CC=C2;
	InChI InChI=1S/C14H19NO2/c1-17-14(16)13(11-7-3-2-4-8-11)12-9-5-6-10-15-12/h2-4,7-8,12-13,15H,5-6,9-10H2,1H3 ; Key:DUGOZIWVEXMGBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
(verify)

ଲେଖା ଚାଲିଛି...

ମିଥାଇଲଫେନିଡେଟ (ଇଂରାଜୀ ଭାଷାରେ Methylphenidate, ଏକ ବିକ୍ରୟ ନାମ ରିଟାଲିନ/ Ritalin) ଏକ ଉତ୍ତେଜକ ଔଷଧ (stimulant medication) ଯାହା ଧ୍ୟାନାଭାବ ଓ ଅତିସକ୍ରିୟତା ବିକାର (ଏଡିଏଚଡି/ ADHD) ଓ ନିଦ୍ରାବେଶ ରୋଗମାନଙ୍କର ଚିକିତ୍ସା ନିମନ୍ତେ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର କରାଯାଏ ।^[୧] ଏଡିଏଚଡି ରୋଗ ନିମନ୍ତେ ଏହା ପ୍ରଥମ ଧାଡ଼ିର ଔଷଧ ।^[୧] ଏହା ପାଟିରେ ଦିଆଯାଏ ଓ ଚର୍ମରେ ଲଗାଯାଏ ।^[୧] ଏହାର ବିଭିନ୍ନ ପ୍ରକାର ଫର୍ମୁଲା ଅଛି ଓ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକର ପ୍ରଭାବ ସମୟ ଅଲଗା ଥାଏ ।^[୧]

ମିଥାଇଲଫେନିଡେଟର ସାଧାରଣ ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟାରେ ନିଦ୍ରା ସମସ୍ୟା, ଉଦ୍‌ବେଗ ଓ ଓଜନ ହ୍ରାସ ହୁଏ ।^[୧] ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟା ସାଂଘାତିକ ହେଲେ ସାଇକୋସିସ, ଆଲର୍ଜି ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟା, ପ୍ରାୟାପିଜ୍ମ, ନିଶାଗ୍ରସ୍ତ (abuse) ଓ ହୃତ୍‌ପିଣ୍ଡ ସମସ୍ୟା ହୋଇପାରେ ।^[୧] ମସ୍ତିଷ୍କରେ କାଟେକୋଲାମିନର (catecholamines) କାମରେ ଉନ୍ନତି ଆଣି ଏହି ଔଷଧ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ଷମ ହୁଏ ।^[୪] ଏହା ନିଉରନମାନଙ୍କର ଡୋପାମିନ (dopamine) ଓ ନରଏପିନେଫ୍ରିନ (norepinephrine) ରିଅପଟେକ (reuptake) ଅବରୋଧ କରିଦିଏ ।^[୫]^[୪] ମିଥାଇଲଫେନିଡେଟ ଏକ କେନ୍ଦ୍ରୀୟ ସ୍ନାୟୁମଣ୍ଡଳ ଉତ୍ତେଜକ (central nervous system/ CNS) ଯାହା ସବସ୍ଟିଚ୍ୟୁଟେଡ ଫିନାଇଲଆଲାନିନ (phenethylamine) ଓ ପିପେରିଡିନ (piperidine) ରାସାୟନିକ ଶ୍ରେଣୀର (classes) ଦ୍ରବ୍ୟମାନଙ୍କୁ ଉତ୍ତେଜିତ କରେ ।^[୬]^[୧]

ଆଧାର

↑ ^୧.୦ ^୧.୧ ^୧.୨ ^୧.୩ ^୧.୪ ^୧.୫ ^୧.୬ ^୧.୭ ^୧.୮ ଆଧାର ଭୁଲ: ଅଚଳ <ref> ଚିହ୍ନ; AHFS2018 ନାମରେ ଥିବା ଆଧାର ଭିତରେ କିଛି ଲେଖା ନାହିଁ ।
↑ Kimko, HC; Cross, JT; Abernethy, DR (December 1999). "Pharmacokinetics and clinical effectiveness of methylphenidate". Clinical Pharmacokinetics. 37 (6): 457–70. doi:10.2165/00003088-199937060-00002. PMID 10628897.
↑ ^୩.୦ ^୩.୧ "Chemical and Physical Properties". Methylphenidate. National Center for Biotechnology Information. {{cite encyclopedia}}: |website= ignored (help)
↑ ^୪.୦ ^୪.୧ Arnsten AF, Li BM (2005). "Neurobiology of Executive Functions: Catecholamine Influences on Prefrontal Cortical Functions". Biological Psychiatry. 57 (11): 1377–84. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.08.019. PMID 15950011.
↑ Stahl, Stephen M. Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1107686465.
↑ Preedy, Victor R. (2016). Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse Volume 3: General Processes and Mechanisms, Prescription Medications, Caffeine and Areca, Polydrug Misuse, Emerging Addictions and Non-Drug Addictions (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Academic Press. p. 651. ISBN 9780128006771.

ବାହ୍ୟ ଲିଙ୍କ

U.S. National Library of Medicine: Drug Information Portal – Methylphenidate

[AHFS2018-1] ୧.୦ ^୧.୧ ^୧.୨ ^୧.୩ ^୧.୪ ^୧.୫ ^୧.୬ ^୧.୭ ^୧.୮ ଆଧାର ଭୁଲ: ଅଚଳ <ref> ଚିହ୍ନ; AHFS2018 ନାମରେ ଥିବା ଆଧାର ଭିତରେ କିଛି ଲେଖା ନାହିଁ ।

[pmid10628897-2] Kimko, HC; Cross, JT; Abernethy, DR (December 1999). "Pharmacokinetics and clinical effectiveness of methylphenidate". Clinical Pharmacokinetics. 37 (6): 457–70. doi:10.2165/00003088-199937060-00002. PMID 10628897.

[Pubchem_properties-3] ୩.୦ ^୩.୧ "Chemical and Physical Properties". Methylphenidate. National Center for Biotechnology Information. {{cite encyclopedia}}: |website= ignored (help)

[Arn2005-4] ୪.୦ ^୪.୧ Arnsten AF, Li BM (2005). "Neurobiology of Executive Functions: Catecholamine Influences on Prefrontal Cortical Functions". Biological Psychiatry. 57 (11): 1377–84. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.08.019. PMID 15950011.

[St4th-5] Stahl, Stephen M. Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1107686465.

[6] Preedy, Victor R. (2016). Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse Volume 3: General Processes and Mechanisms, Prescription Medications, Caffeine and Areca, Polydrug Misuse, Emerging Addictions and Non-Drug Addictions (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Academic Press. p. 651. ISBN 9780128006771.

[୧]

[୨]

[୩]

[୪]

[୫]

[୬]