"ବସନ୍ତ ରୋଗ" ପୃଷ୍ଠାର ସଂସ୍କରଣଗୁଡ଼ିକ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ତଫାତ
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ଅଧିକ ତଥ୍ୟ ଦିଆଗଲା |
ଅଧିକ ତଥ୍ୟ ଦିଆଗଲା |
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୨୫ କ ଧାଡ଼ି:
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ବସନ୍ତର ପ୍ରାଥମିକ ଲକ୍ଷଣ [[ଜ୍ୱର]] ଓ ବାନ୍ତିରୁ ଆରମ୍ଭ ହୁଏ ।<ref name=CDC2016Sym/> ଏହା ପରେ ପାଟି ଘାଆ ([[:en:Ulcer (dermatology)|sores]]) ଓ ଚର୍ମ ରାସ ([[:en:skin rash|skin rash]]) ଦେଖାଯାଏ ।<ref name=CDC2016Sym/> କିଛି ଦିନ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ରାସ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତିତ ହୋଇ ଫୋଟକାରେ ([[:en:blister|bumps]]) ପରିଣତ ହୁଏ ଯାହାର ମଝିରେ ଗୋଟିଏ କ୍ଷୁଦ୍ର ଗାତ ଥାଏ ।<ref name=CDC2016Sym/> ଏହା ପରେ ଘାଆ ଶୁଖିବାକୁ ଆରମ୍ଭ କରି ସ୍କାବ ([[:en:Wound healing#Proliferative phase|scabbed]]) ମାଡ଼ିଯାଏ ଓ ପରେ ଏହା ବାହାରି ଯାଇ ଚମରେ ସ୍କାର ([[:en:scars|scars]]) ରହିଯାଏ ।<ref name=CDC2016Sym>{{cite web|title=Signs and Symptoms|url=https://www.cdc.gov/smallpox/symptoms/index.html|website=CDC|accessdate=14 December 2017|language=en-us|date=7 June 2016}}</ref> ଏହି ରୋଗ ମାନବରୁ ମାନବକୁ ବା ସଂକ୍ରମିତ ପଦାର୍ଥ ସଂସ୍ପର୍ଶ ହେଲେ ବ୍ୟାପିଯାଏ ।<ref name=CDC2016What>{{cite web|title=What is Smallpox?|url=https://www.cdc.gov/smallpox/about/index.html|website=CDC|accessdate=14 December 2017|language=en-us|date=7 June 2016}}</ref><ref name=Leb2013/> ବସନ୍ତ ଟିକା ([[:en:smallpox vaccine|smallpox vaccine]]) ସାହାଯ୍ୟରେ ଏହା ପ୍ରତିଷେଧ କରାଯାଏ ।<ref name=CDC2017Tx/> ରୋଗ ଥରେ ଆରମ୍ଭ ହୋଇଗଲେ କେତେକ ଭୁତାଣୁ ବିରୋଧୀ ଔଷଧ ([[:en:antiviral medication|antiviral medication]]) ସାହାଯ୍ୟ କରିପାରେ ।<ref name=CDC2017Tx>{{cite web|title=Prevention and Treatment|url=https://www.cdc.gov/smallpox/prevention-treatment/index.html|website=CDC|accessdate=14 December 2017|language=en-us|date=13 December 2017}}</ref>
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▲The origin of smallpox is unknown.<ref name=CDC2017His/> The earliest evidence of the disease dates back to the 3rd century BC in [[Egyptian mummies]].<ref name=CDC2017His>{{cite web|title=History of Smallpox|url=https://www.cdc.gov/smallpox/history/history.html|website=CDC|accessdate=14 December 2017|language=en-us|date=25 July 2017}}</ref> The disease historically occurred in [[outbreaks]].<ref name=WHO2007Fact/> In 18th century Europe it is estimated 400,000 people per year died from the disease, and one-third of the cases resulted in blindness.<ref name=WHO2007Fact/><ref name=Hays2005>{{cite book|last1=Hays|first1=J. N.|title=Epidemics and Pandemics: Their Impacts on Human History|date=2005|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=9781851096589|pages=151–152|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=GyE8Qt-kS1kC&pg=PA151|language=en}}</ref> These deaths included those of at least five reigning [[monarch]]s.<ref name=WHO2007Fact/><ref name=Hays2005/> In the 20th century it is estimated that smallpox resulted in 300–500 million deaths.<ref name=Leb2013>{{cite book|last1=Lebwohl|first1=Mark G.|last2=Heymann|first2=Warren R.|last3=Berth-Jones|first3=John|last4=Coulson|first4=Ian|title=Treatment of Skin Disease E-Book: Comprehensive Therapeutic Strategies|date=2013|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=9780702052361|page=89|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=hRryAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA89|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Lawson|first1=Stephanie|title=Theories of International Relations: Contending Approaches to World Politics|date=2015|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9780745695136|page=PT19|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=CEixBgAAQBAJ&pg=PT19|language=en}}</ref> As recently as 1967, 15 million cases occurred a year.<ref name=WHO2007Fact/>
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[[Edward Jenner]] discovered in 1798 that [[vaccination]] could prevent smallpox.<ref name=WHO2007Fact/> In 1967, the [[World Health Organization]] intensified efforts to eliminate the disease.<ref name=WHO2007Fact/> Smallpox is one of two [[infectious disease]]s to have been eradicated, the other being [[rinderpest]] in 2011.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Guidotti|first1=Tee L.|title=Health and Sustainability: An Introduction|date=2015|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780199325689|page=T290|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=hPRgBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT290|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Roossinck|first1=Marilyn J.|title=Virus: An Illustrated Guide to 101 Incredible Microbes|date=2016|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=9781400883257|page=126|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=gTH9CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA126|language=en}}</ref> The term "smallpox" was first used in Britain in the 15th century to distinguish the disease from [[syphilis]], which was then known as the "great pox".<ref name=Bar1997>{{cite journal |vauthors=Barquet N, Domingo P |title=Smallpox: the triumph over the most terrible of the ministers of death|journal=Annals of Internal Medicine |volume=127 |issue=8 Pt 1 |pages=635–42 |date=15 October 1997|pmid=9341063 |doi=10.7326/0003-4819-127-8_Part_1-199710150-00010 }}</ref> Other historical names for the disease include pox, speckled monster, and red plague.<ref name=Fenn1988>{{cite book|last1=Fenner|first1=F.|title=Smallpox and its eradication|date=1988|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Geneva|isbn=9789241561105|pages=209–244|url=https://biotech.law.lsu.edu/blaw/bt/smallpox/who/red-book/9241561106_chp5.pdf|accessdate=14 December 2017|chapter=The History of Smallpox and its Spread Around the World}}</ref><ref name=Peg2017>{{cite book|title=Medicine: The Definitive Illustrated History|date=2016|publisher=Penguin|isbn=9781465458933|page=100|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=dicCDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA100|language=en}}</ref><ref name=Bar1997/>
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