ହାୟୋସିନ

ହାୟୋସିନ
Clinical data
Trade names	Transdermscop, Kwells, others
Synonyms	hyoscine hydrobromide, scopolamine hydrobromide
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
Pregnancy; category	AU: B2 ; US: C (Risk not ruled out) ; ;
Routes of; administration	by mouth, skin patch, eye drops, subcutaneous, intravenous, sublingual, rectal, buccal transmucousal, intramuscular
ATC code	A04AD01 (WHO) N05CM05, S01FA02;
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S2 (Pharmacy only) ; CA: ℞-only ; UK: POM (Prescription only) ; US: ℞-only ;
Pharmacokinetic data
Metabolism	Liver
Elimination half-life	4.5 hours
Excretion	Kidney
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (–)-(S)-3-Hydroxy-2-phenylpropionic acid (1R,2R,4S,7S,9S)-9-methyl-3-oxa-9-azatricyclo[3.3.1.02,4]non-7-yl ester;
CAS Number	51-34-3 ;
PubChem CID	5184;
IUPHAR/BPS	330;
DrugBank	DB00747 ;
ChemSpider	10194106 ;
UNII	DL48G20X8X;
KEGG	D00138 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:16794 ;
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1201024 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.083
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C17H21NO4
Molar mass	303.353 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES OC[C@H](c1ccccc1)C(=O)O[C@@H]2C[C@H]3N(C)[C@@H](C2)[C@@H]4O[C@H]34;
	InChI InChI=1S/C17H21NO4/c1-18-13-7-11(8-14(18)16-15(13)22-16)21-17(20)12(9-19)10-5-3-2-4-6-10/h2-6,11-16,19H,7-9H2,1H3/t11-,12-,13-,14+,15-,16+/m1/s1 ; Key:STECJAGHUSJQJN-FWXGHANASA-N ;
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ହାୟୋସିନ (ଇଂରାଜୀ ଭାଷାରେ Hyoscine, ଅନ୍ୟ ନାମ ସ୍କୋପୋଲାମିନ/scopolamine,^[୨] ଏକ ଔଷଧ ଯାହା ଗତିଜ ଅସୁସ୍ଥତା ବା ମୋସନ ସିକନେସ (motion sickness) ଓ ଅପରେଶନ ପରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ଅଇ ଓ ବାନ୍ତିର (postoperative nausea and vomiting) ଚିକିତ୍ସା ନିମନ୍ତେ ଦିଆଯାଏ । ବେଳେ ବେଳେ ଲାଳ (saliva) କ୍ଷରଣ କମେଇବା ନିମନ୍ତେ ଅପରେଶନ ପୂର୍ବରୁ ମଧ୍ୟ ଦିଆଯାଏ । ଇଞ୍ଜେକସନ ଆକାରରେ ଦେବାର ୨୦ ମିନିଟ ପରେ ଏହାର ପ୍ରଭାବ ଆରମ୍ଭ ହୋଇ ପ୍ରାୟ ୮ଘଣ୍ଟା ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ରହେ । ଏହା ପାଟିରେ ଓ ଚର୍ମ ପ୍ୟାଚ (skin patch) ଆକାରରେ ମଧ୍ୟ ଦିଆଯାଇପାରେ ।^[୩]

ହାୟୋସିନର ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟାରେ ନିଦ୍ରାଳୁତା, ଝାପସା ଦୃଷ୍ଟି (blurred vision) ପ୍ରସାରିତ ପୁତ୍ତଳୀ (dilated pupils) ଓ ଶୁଷ୍କ ପାଟି ଇତ୍ୟାଦି ଲକ୍ଷଣ ଦେଖାଯାଏ । ଗ୍ଲକୋମା ଓ ଆନ୍ତ୍ରିକ ଅବରୋଧ ରୋଗ ଥିଲେ ଏହା ଦିଆଯାଏନାହିଁ ।^[୩] ସ୍ତନ୍ୟପାନ ସମୟରେ ଏହା ନିରାପଦ ଜଣାଗଲେ ମଧ୍ୟ ଗର୍ଭାବସ୍ଥାରେ ଏହାର ନିରାପତ୍ତା ବିଷୟ ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ ନୁହେଁ ।^[୪] ଆଣ୍ଟମସ୍କାରିନିକ (antimuscarinic) ଶ୍ରେଣୀର ହାୟୋସିନ ଏକ ଔଷଧ ଯାହା ସ୍ନାୟୁ ମଣ୍ଡଳରେ (nervous system) ଥିବା ଆସେଟାଇଲକୋଲିନର (acetylcholine) ପ୍ରଭାବକୁ ଅବରୋଧ କରିଦିଅ ।^[୩]

ହାୟୋସିନ ବିଷୟ ପ୍ରଥମେ ସନ ୧୮୮୧ରେ ଲିଖିତ ହୋଇ ସନ ୧୯୪୭ରେ ଏହାର ଡାକ୍ତରୀ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର ଆରମ୍ଭ ହେଲା । ^[୫] ଏହାର ନାମ ବିଶ୍ୱ ସ୍ୱାସ୍ଥ୍ୟ ସଂଗଠନର ଅତ୍ୟାବଶ୍ୟକୀୟ ଔଷଧ ଚିଠାରେ (World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines) ଅଛି ଯାହା ମୌଳିକ ସ୍ୱାସ୍ଥ୍ୟ ସିସ୍ଟମ (health system) ନିମନ୍ତେ ଅତି ମହତ୍ତ୍ୱପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ।^[୬] ନାଇଟସେଡ (nightshade) ଶ୍ରେଣୀର ଗଛରୁ ହାୟୋସିନ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ କରାଯାଏ ।^[୭] ସ୍କୋପୋଲିଆ (Scopolia) ନାମକ ଏକ ପ୍ରକାର ଗଛରୁ ସ୍କୋପୋଲାମିନ ଓ ହାୟୋସିନ ନାଇଜରରୁ (Hyoscyamus niger) ହାୟୋସିନ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ କରାଯାଏ ।^[୮]^[୯]

ଆଧାର

↑ Putcha, L.; Cintrón, N. M.; Tsui, J.; Vanderploeg, J. M.; Kramer, W. G. (1989). "Pharmacokinetics and Oral Bioavailability of Scopolamine in Normal Subjects". Pharmacology Research. 6 (6): 481–485. doi:10.1023/A:1015916423156. PMID 2762223.
↑ Juo, Pei-Show (2001). Concise Dictionary of Biomedicine and Molecular Biology (2nd ed.). Hoboken: CRC Press. p. 570. ISBN 9781420041309.
↑ ^୩.୦ ^୩.୧ ^୩.୨ "Scopolamine". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
↑ "Scopolamine Use During Pregnancy | Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
↑ Fischer, Janos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). John Wiley & Sons. p. 551. ISBN 9783527607495.
↑ "WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List)" (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
↑ Osbourn, Anne E.; Lanzotti, Virginia (2009). Plant-derived Natural Products: Synthesis, Function, and Application (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 5. ISBN 9780387854984.
↑ The Chambers Dictionary. Allied Publishers. 1998. pp. 788, 1480. ISBN 978-81-86062-25-8.
↑ Cattell, Henry Ware (1910). Lippincott's new medical dictionary: a vocabulary of the terms used in medicine, and the allied sciences, with their pronunciation, etymology, and signification, including much collateral information of a descriptive and encyclopedic character. Lippincott. p. 435. Retrieved 25 February 2012.

[pmid2762223-1] Putcha, L.; Cintrón, N. M.; Tsui, J.; Vanderploeg, J. M.; Kramer, W. G. (1989). "Pharmacokinetics and Oral Bioavailability of Scopolamine in Normal Subjects". Pharmacology Research. 6 (6): 481–485. doi:10.1023/A:1015916423156. PMID 2762223.

[Huo2001-2] Juo, Pei-Show (2001). Concise Dictionary of Biomedicine and Molecular Biology (2nd ed.). Hoboken: CRC Press. p. 570. ISBN 9781420041309.

[AHFS2016-3] ୩.୦ ^୩.୧ ^୩.୨ "Scopolamine". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 8 December 2016.

[4] "Scopolamine Use During Pregnancy | Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Retrieved 15 December 2016.

[Fis2006-5] Fischer, Janos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). John Wiley & Sons. p. 551. ISBN 9783527607495.

[WHO19th-6] "WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List)" (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015. Retrieved 8 December 2016.

[7] Osbourn, Anne E.; Lanzotti, Virginia (2009). Plant-derived Natural Products: Synthesis, Function, and Application (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 5. ISBN 9780387854984.

[Chambers-8] The Chambers Dictionary. Allied Publishers. 1998. pp. 788, 1480. ISBN 978-81-86062-25-8.

[Cattell1910-9] Cattell, Henry Ware (1910). Lippincott's new medical dictionary: a vocabulary of the terms used in medicine, and the allied sciences, with their pronunciation, etymology, and signification, including much collateral information of a descriptive and encyclopedic character. Lippincott. p. 435. Retrieved 25 February 2012.

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