ଆମ୍ଫୋଟେରିସିନ ବି

ଆମ୍ଫୋଟେରିସିନ ବି
Clinical data
Trade names	Fungizone, Mysteclin-F, others
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
Pregnancy; category	US: B (No risk in non-human studies) ; ;
Routes of; administration	usually I.V. (slow infusion only)
ATC code	A01AB04 (WHO) A07AA07, G01AA03, J02AA01;
Legal status
Legal status	Rx-only, hospitalization recommended.;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	100% (IV)
Metabolism	kidney
Elimination half-life	initial phase : 24 hours, ; second phase : approx. 15 days
Excretion	40% found in urine after single cumulated over several days ; biliar excretion also important
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (1R,3S,5R,6R,9R, 11R,15S,16R,17R,18S,19E,21E, 23E,25E,27E,29E,31E,33R,35S,36R,37S)- 33-[(3-amino- 3,6-dideoxy- β-D-mannopyranosyl)oxy]- 1,3,5,6,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy- 15,16,18-trimethyl- 13-oxo- 14,39-dioxabicyclo [33.3.1] nonatriaconta- 19,21,23,25,27,29,31-heptaene- 36-carboxylic acid;
CAS Number	1397-89-3 ;
PubChem CID	14956;
DrugBank	DB00681 ;
ChemSpider	10237579 ;
KEGG	D00203 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:2682 ;
ChEMBL	CHEMBL267345 ;
NIAID ChemDB	000096;
ECHA InfoCard	100.014.311
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C47H73NO17
Molar mass	924.091
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Melting point	170 °C (338 °F)
	SMILES O=C(O)[C@@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@@]2(O)C[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CC[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(=O)O[C@@H](C)[C@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)C=CC=CC=CC=CC=CC=CC=C[C@H](O[C@@H]1O[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)[C@@H]1O)C[C@@H]3O2;
	InChI InChI=1S/C47H73NO17/c1-27-17-15-13-11-9-7-5-6-8-10-12-14-16-18-34(64-46-44(58)41(48)43(57)30(4)63-46)24-38-40(45(59)60)37(54)26-47(61,65-38)25-33(51)22-36(53)35(52)20-19-31(49)21-32(50)23-39(55)62-29(3)28(2)42(27)56/h5-18,27-38,40-44,46,49-54,56-58,61H,19-26,48H2,1-4H3,(H,59,60)/b6-5+,9-7+,10-8+,13-11+,14-12+,17-15+,18-16+/t27-,28-,29-,30+,31+,32+,33-,34-,35+,36+,37-,38-,40+,41-,42+,43+,44-,46-,47+/m0/s1 ; Key:APKFDSVGJQXUKY-INPOYWNPSA-N ;
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ଆମ୍ଫୋଟେରିସିନ ବି (ଇଂରାଜୀ ଭାଷାରେ Amphotericin B) ଏକ କବକରୋଧୀ ଔଷଧ (antifungal medication) ଯାହା ସାଂଘାତିକ କବକ ସଂକ୍ରମଣ (fungal infection) ଓ ଲିସମାନିଆସିସ (leishmaniasis) ରୋଗମାନଙ୍କର ଚିକିତ୍ସା ନିମନ୍ତେ ଦିଆଯାଏ ।^[୧] ଆସପରଜିଲୋସିସ (aspergillosis), ବ୍ଲାସ୍ଟୋମାଇକୋସିସ (blastomycosis), କାଣ୍ଡିଡା ସଂକ୍ରମଣ (candida), କ‌କସିଡିଓଇଡୋମାଇକୋସିସ (coccidioidomycosis) ଓ କ୍ରିପ୍ଟୋକ‌କୋସିସ (cryptococcosis) ଇତ୍ୟାଦି କବକ ସଂକ୍ରମଣରେ ଏହି ଔଷଧ ଦିଆଯାଏ ।^[୨] କେତେକ ସଂକ୍ରମଣରେ ଏହା ସ‌ହିତ ଫ୍ଲୁସାଇଟୋସିନ (flucytosine) ଦିଆଯାଏ ।^[୩]ଏହା ଶିରାଭ୍ୟନ୍ତର ଇଞ୍ଜେକସନ (injection into a vein) ଆକାରରେ ଦିଆଯାଏ ।^[୨]

ସାଧାରଣ ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟାରେ ଜ୍ୱର, କମ୍ପ ଓ ମୁଣ୍ଡବଥା ଇତ୍ୟାଦି ଲକ୍ଷଣ ଔଷଧ ଦେବା ସଙ୍ଗେସଙ୍ଗେ ପ୍ରକାଶ ପାଏ ଓ ବୃକ୍‌କ ସମସ୍ୟା ମଧ୍ୟ ଦେଖାଯାଏ । ଆଲର୍ଜି ଓ ଆନାଫାଇଲାକ୍‌ସିସ ମଧ୍ୟ ଦେଖାଯାଇପାରେ ।^[୨] ଅନ୍ୟାନ୍ୟ ସାଂଘାତିକ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟା ହେଲେ ହାଇପୋକାଲେମିଆ ଓ ମାୟୋକାର୍ଡ଼ାଇଟିସ ଦେଖାଯାଏ ।^[୧] ଗର୍ଭାବସ୍ଥାରେ ଏହା ଅପେକ୍ଷାକୃତ ନିରାପଦ ଜଣାଯାଏ । ଏହି ଔଷଧର ଏକ ଲିପିଡ ଫର୍ମୁଲାରେ ଅଳ୍ପ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟା ଦେଖାଯାଏ ।^[୨] ଏହା ପଲିଇନ (polyene) ଶ୍ରେଣୀର ଔଷଧ ଯାହା କବକର କୋଷ ଆବରଣରେ (cell membrane) ବାଧା ସୃଷ୍ଟିକରେ ।^[୧]^[୨]

ସନ ୧୯୫୫ରେ ପ୍ରଥମେ ସ୍ଟ୍ରେପ୍ଟୋମାଇସେସ ନୋଡୋସସରୁ (Streptomyces nodosus) ଆମ୍ଫୋଟେରିସିନ ବି ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ କରାଯାଇଥିଲା ।^[୪] ଏହାର ନାମ ବିଶ୍ୱ ସ୍ୱାସ୍ଥ୍ୟ ସଂଗଠନର ଅତ୍ୟାବଶ୍ୟକୀୟ ଔଷଧ ଚିଠାରେ (World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines) ଅଛି ଯାହା ମୌଳିକ ସ୍ୱାସ୍ଥ୍ୟ ସିସ୍ଟମ (health system) ନିମନ୍ତେ ଅତି ମହତ୍ତ୍ୱପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ।^[୫] ଏହା ଜେନେରିକ ଔଷଧ ନାମରେ ଉପଲବ୍‌ଧ ହୁଏ ।^[୨] ବିକାଶଶୀଳ ଦେଶମାନଙ୍କରେ ଏହାର ଏକ କୋର୍ଷର ମୂଲ୍ୟ ସନ ୨୦୧୦ରେ ୧୬୨ରୁ ୨୨୯ ଆମେରିକୀୟ ଡଲାର ଥିଲା ।^[୧]

ଆଧାର

↑ ^୧.୦ ^୧.୧ ^୧.୨ ^୧.୩ Control of the leishmaniasis: report of a meeting of the WHO Expert Committee on the Control of Leishmaniases (PDF). World Health Organization. March 2010. pp. 55, 88, 186. ISBN 9789241209496.
↑ ^୨.୦ ^୨.୧ ^୨.୨ ^୨.୩ ^୨.୪ ^୨.୫ "Amphotericin B". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved Jan 1, 2015.
↑ WHO Model Formulary 2008 (PDF). World Health Organization. 2009. p. 145. ISBN 9789241547659. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
↑ Walker, S. R. (2012). Trends and Changes in Drug Research and Development (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 109. ISBN 9789400926592.
↑ "WHO Model List of EssentialMedicines" (PDF). World Health Organization. October 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2014.

[WHO2010-1] ୧.୦ ^୧.୧ ^୧.୨ ^୧.୩ Control of the leishmaniasis: report of a meeting of the WHO Expert Committee on the Control of Leishmaniases (PDF). World Health Organization. March 2010. pp. 55, 88, 186. ISBN 9789241209496.

[AHFS2015-2] ୨.୦ ^୨.୧ ^୨.୨ ^୨.୩ ^୨.୪ ^୨.୫ "Amphotericin B". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved Jan 1, 2015.

[WHO2008-3] WHO Model Formulary 2008 (PDF). World Health Organization. 2009. p. 145. ISBN 9789241547659. Retrieved 8 December 2016.

[Wal2012-4] Walker, S. R. (2012). Trends and Changes in Drug Research and Development (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 109. ISBN 9789400926592.

[5] "WHO Model List of EssentialMedicines" (PDF). World Health Organization. October 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2014.

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