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ବ୍ୟବହାରକାରୀ:Snip1/List of Intel microprocessors

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This generational and chronological list of Intel processors attempts to present all of Intel's processors from the pioneering 4-bit 4004 (1971) to the present high-end offerings, which include the 64-bit Itanium 2 (2002), Intel Core 2, and Xeon 5100 and 7100 series processors (2006). Concise technical data are given for each product.

The 4-bit processors

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

Intel 4004

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

First single-chip microprocessor

MCS-4 Family:

  • 4004 – CPU
  • 4001 – ROM & 4-bit Port
  • 4002 – RAM & 4-bit Port
  • 4003 – 10-bit Shift Register
  • 4008 – Memory+I/O Interface
  • 4009 – Memory+I/O Interface

Intel 4040

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

MCS-40 Family:

  • 4040 – CPU
  • 4101 – 1024-bit (256 × 4) Static RAM with separate I/O
  • 4201 – 4 MHz Clock Generator
  • 4207 – General Purpose Byte I/O Port
  • 4209 – General Purpose Byte I/O Port
  • 4211 – General Purpose Byte I/O Port
  • 4265 – Programmable General Purpose I/O Device
  • 4269 – Programmable Keyboard Display Device
  • 4289 – Standard Memory Interface for MCS-4/40
  • 4308 – 8192-bit (1024 × 8) ROM w/ 4-bit I/O Ports
  • 4316 – 16384-bit (2048 × 8) Static ROM
  • 4702 – 2048-bit (256 × 8) EPROM
  • 4801 – 5.185 MHz Clock Generator Crystal for 4004/4201A or 4040/4201A

The 8-bit processors

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

8008

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced April 1, 1972
  • Clock rate 500 kHz (8008–1: 800 kHz)
  • 0.05 MIPS
  • Bus width 8 bits (multiplexed address/data due to limited pins)
  • Enhancement load PMOS logic
  • Number of transistors 3,500 at 10 µm
  • Addressable memory 16 KB
  • Typical in early 8-bit microcomputers, dumb terminals, general calculators, bottling machines
  • Developed in tandem with 4004
  • Originally intended for use in the Datapoint 2200 microcomputer
  • Key volume deployment in Texas Instruments 742 microcomputer in >3,000 Ford dealerships

8080

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced April 1, 1974
  • Clock rate 2 MHz (very rare 8080B: 3 MHz)
  • 0.29 MIPS[୨]
  • Bus width 8 bits data, 16 bits address
  • Enhancement load NMOS logic
  • Number of transistors 4,500, 6μm
  • Assembly language downwards compatible with 8008.
  • Addressable memory 64 KB
  • Up to 10X the performance of the 8008
  • Used in the Altair 8800, Traffic light controller, cruise missile
  • Required six support chips versus 20 for the 8008

8085

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced March 1976
  • Clock rate 3 MHz [୩]
  • 0.37 MIPS
  • Bus width 8 bits data, 16 bits address
  • Depletion load NMOS logic
  • Number of transistors 6,500 at 3 µm
  • Binary compatible downwards with the 8080.
  • Used in Toledo scales. Also was used as a computer peripheral controller – modems, hard disks, printers, etc.
  • CMOS 80C85 in Mars Sojourner, Radio Shack Model 100 portable.
  • High level of integration, operating for the first time on a single 5-volt power supply, from 12 volts previously. Also featured serial I/O, 3 maskable interrupts, 1 non-maskable interrupt, 1 externally expandable interrupt w/[8259], status, DMA.
  • MCS-85 family contains processors and peripherals

Microcontrollers

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

They are ICs with CPU, RAM, ROM (or PROM or EPROM), I/O Ports, Timers & Interrupts

Intel 8048

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

MCS-48 family:

  • 8020 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller
  • 8021 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller
  • 8022 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller With On-Chip A/D Converter
  • 8035 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller
  • 8039 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller
  • 8040 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller
  • 8041 – Universal Peripheral Interface 8-bit Slave Microcontroller
  • 8641 – Universal Peripheral Interface 8-bit Slave Microcontroller
  • 8741 – Universal Peripheral Interface 8-bit Slave Microcontroller
  • 8042 – Universal Peripheral Interface 8-bit Slave Microcontroller
  • 8742 – Universal Peripheral Interface 8-bit Slave Microcontroller
  • 8243 – Input/Output Expander
  • 8048 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller
  • 8048 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller
  • 8748 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller
  • 8048 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller
  • 8049 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller
  • 8749 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller
  • 8050 – Single-Component 8-bit Microcontroller

Intel 8051

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

MCS-51 Family:

  • 8031 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8032 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8044 – High Performance 8-bit Microcontroller
  • 8344 – High Performance 8-bit Microcontroller
  • 8744 – High Performance 8-bit Microcontroller
  • 8051 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8052 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8054 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8058 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8351 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8352 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8354 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8358 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8751 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8752 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8754 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 8758 – 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller

Intel 80151

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

MCS-151 Family:

  • 80151 – High Performance 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 83151 – High Performance 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 87151 – High Performance 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 80152 – High Performance 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller
  • 83152 – High Performance 8-bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller

Intel 80251

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

MCS-251 Family:

  • 80251 – 8/16/32-bit Microcontroller
  • 80252 – 8/16/32-bit Microcontroller
  • 80452 – 8/16/32-bit Microcontroller
  • 83251 – 8/16/32-bit Microcontroller
  • 87251 – 8/16/32-bit Microcontroller
  • 87253 – 8/16/32-bit Microcontroller

MCS-96 Family

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • 8094 – 16-bit Microcontroller (48-Pin ROMLess Without A/D)
  • 8095 – 16-bit Microcontroller (48-Pin ROMLess With A/D)
  • 8096 – 16-bit Microcontroller (68-Pin ROMLess Without A/D)
  • 8097 – 16-bit Microcontroller (68-Pin ROMLess With A/D)
  • 8394 – 16-bit Microcontroller (48-Pin With ROM Without A/D)
  • 8395 – 16-bit Microcontroller (48-Pin With ROM With A/D)
  • 8396 – 16-bit Microcontroller (68-Pin With ROM Without A/D)
  • 8397 – 16-bit Microcontroller (68-Pin With ROM With A/D)
  • 8794 – 16-bit Microcontroller (48-Pin With EROM Without A/D)
  • 8795 – 16-bit Microcontroller (48-Pin With EROM With A/D)
  • 8796 – 16-bit Microcontroller (68-Pin With EROM Without A/D)
  • 8797 – 16-bit Microcontroller (68-Pin With EROM With A/D)
  • 8098 – 16-bit Microcontroller
  • 8398 – 16-bit Microcontroller
  • 8798 – 16-bit Microcontroller
  • 80196 – 16-bit Microcontroller
  • 83196 – 16-bit Microcontroller
  • 87196 – 16-bit Microcontroller
  • 80296 – 16-bit Microcontroller

The bit-slice processor

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

3000 Family

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
 
Intel D3002

Introduced in the third quarter of 1974, these components used bipolar Schottky transistors. Each component implemented two bits of a processor function; packages could be interconnected to build a processor with any desired word length. Members of the family:

  • 3001 – Microcontrol Unit
  • 3002 – 2-bit Arithmetic Logic Unit slice
  • 3003 – Look-ahead Carry Generator
  • 3205 – High-performance 1 Of 8 Binary Decoder
  • 3207 – Quad Bipolar-to-MOS Level Shifter and Driver
  • 3208 – Hex Sense Amp and Latch for MOS Memories
  • 3210 – TTL-to-MOS Level Shifter and High Voltage Clock Driver
  • 3211 – ECL-to-MOS Level Shifter and High Voltage Clock Driver
  • 3212 – Multimode Latch Buffer
  • 3214 – Interrupt Control Unit
  • 3216 – Parallel,Inverting Bi-Directional Bus Driver
  • 3222 – Refresh Controller for 4K NMOS DRAMs
  • 3226 – Parallel, Inverting Bi-Directional Bus Driver
  • 3232 – Address Multiplexer and Refresh Counter for 4K DRAMs
  • 3242 – Address Multiplexer and Refresh Counter for 16K DRAMs
  • 3245 – Quad Bipolar TTL-to-MOS Level Shifter and Driver for 4K
  • 3246 – Quad Bipolar ECL-to-MOS Level Shifter and Driver for 4K
  • 3404 – High-performance 6-bit Latch
  • 3408 – Hex Sense Amp and Latch for MOS Memories
  • 3505 - Next generation processor

Bus width 2*n bits data/address (depending on number n of slices used)

The 16-bit processors: MCS-86 family

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

8086

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced June 8, 1978
  • Clock rates:
    • 5 MHz with 0.33 MIPS[୩]
    • 8 MHz with 0.66 MIPS
    • 10 MHz with 0.75 MIPS
  • The memory is divided into odd and even banks; it accesses both banks concurrently to read 16 bits of data in one clock cycle
  • Bus width 16 bits data, 20 bits address
  • Number of transistors 29,000 at 3 µm
  • Addressable memory 1 megabyte
  • Up to 10X the performance of 8080
  • Used in portable computing, and in the IBM PS/2 Model 25 and Model 30. Also used in the AT&T PC6300 / Olivetti M24, a popular IBM PC-compatible (predating the IBM PS/2 line).
  • Used segment registers to access more than 64 KB of data at once, which many programmers complained made their work excessively difficult.[ଆଧାର ଲୋଡ଼ା]
  • The first x86 CPU.
  • Later renamed the iAPX 86[୪]

8088

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced June 1, 1979
  • Clock rates:
    • 5 MHz with 0.33 MIPS
    • 8 MHz with 0.66 MIPS [୩]
  • Internal architecture 16 bits
  • External bus Width 8 bits data, 20 bits address
  • Number of transistors 29,000 at 3 µm
  • Addressable memory 1 megabyte
  • Identical to 8086 except for its 8-bit external bus (hence an 8 instead of a 6 at the end); identical Execution Unit (EU), different Bus Interface Unit (BIU)[୪]
  • Used in IBM PCs and PC clones
  • Later renamed the iAPX 88[୪]

80186

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced 1982
  • Clock rates
    • 6 MHz with > 1 MIPS
  • Number of transistors 29,000 at 2 µm
  • Included two timers, a DMA controller, and an interrupt controller on the chip in addition to the processor (these were at fixed addresses which differed from the IBM PC, making it impossible to build a 100% PC-compatible computer around the 80186).
  • Added a few opcodes and exceptions to the 8086 design; otherwise identical instruction set to 8086 and 8088.
  • Used mostly in embedded applications – controllers, point-of-sale systems, terminals, and the like
  • Used in several non-PC-Compatible MS-DOS computers including RM Nimbus, Tandy 2000, and CP/M 86 Televideo PM16 server
  • Later renamed the iAPX 186

80188

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • A version of the 80186 with an 8-bit external data bus
  • Later renamed the iAPX 188

80286

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced February 1, 1982
  • Clock rates:
    • 6 MHz with 0.9 MIPS
    • 8 MHz, 10 MHz with 1.5 MIPS
    • 12.5 MHz with 2.66 MIPS
    • 16 MHz, 20 MHz and 25 MHz available.
  • Bus width: 16 bits data, 24 bits address.
  • Included memory protection hardware to support multitasking operating systems with per-process address space
  • Number of transistors 134,000 at 1.5 µm
  • Addressable memory 16 MB
  • Added protected-mode features to 8086 with essentially the same instruction set
  • 3–6X the performance of the 8086
  • Widely used in IBM-PC AT and AT clones contemporary to it

32-bit processors: the non-x86 microprocessors

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

iAPX 432

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced January 1, 1981 as Intel's first 32-bit microprocessor
  • Multi-chip CPU; Intel's first 32-bit microprocessor
  • Object/capability architecture
  • Microcoded operating system primitives
  • One terabyte virtual address space
  • Hardware support for fault tolerance
  • Two-chip General Data Processor (GDP), consists of 43201 and 43202
  • 43203 Interface Processor (IP) interfaces to I/O subsystem
  • 43204 Bus Interface Unit (BIU) simplifies building multiprocessor systems
  • 43205 Memory Control Unit (MCU)
  • Architecture and execution unit internal data base paths 32 bit
  • Clock rates:
    • 5 MHz
    • 7 MHz
    • 8 MHz

i960 aka 80960

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced April 5, 1988
  • RISC-like 32-bit architecture
  • Predominantly used in embedded systems
  • Evolved from the capability processor developed for the BiiN joint venture with Siemens
  • Many variants identified by two-letter suffixes.

i860 aka 80860

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

XScale

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced August 23, 2000
  • 32-bit RISC microprocessor based on the ARM architecture
  • Many variants, such as the PXA2xx applications processors, IOP3xx I/O processors and IXP2xxx and IXP4xx network processors.

32-bit processors: the 80386 range

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

80386DX

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced October 17, 1985
  • Clock rates:
    • 16 MHz with 5 MIPS
    • 20 MHz with 6 to 7 MIPS, introduced February 16, 1987
    • 25 MHz with 7.5 MIPS, introduced April 4, 1988
    • 33 MHz with 9.9 MIPS (9.4 SPECint92 on Compaq/i 16K L2), introduced April 10, 1989
  • Bus width 32 bits data, 32 bits address
  • Number of transistors 275,000 at 1 µm
  • Addressable memory 4 GB
  • Virtual memory 64 TB
  • First x86 chip to handle 32-bit data sets
  • Reworked and expanded memory protection support including paged virtual memory and virtual-86 mode, features required at the time by Xenix and Unix. This memory capability spurred the development and availability of OS/2 and is a fundamental requirement for modern operating systems like Linux, Windows, and OS X.
  • Used in desktop computing
  • Later renamed Intel386TM DX

80386SX

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced June 16, 1988
  • Clock rates:
    • 16 MHz with 2.5 MIPS
    • 20 MHz with 3.1 MIPS, introduced January 25, 1989
    • 25 MHz with 3.9 MIPS, introduced January 25, 1989
    • 33 MHz with 5.1 MIPS, introduced October 26, 1992
  • Internal architecture 32 bits
  • External data bus width 16 bits
  • External address bus width 24 bits
  • Number of transistors 275,000 at 1 µm
  • Addressable memory 16 MB
  • Virtual memory 32 GB
  • Narrower buses enable low-cost 32-bit processing
  • Used in entry-level desktop and portable computing
  • No Math Co-Processor
  • No commercial Software used for protected mode or virtual storage for many years
  • Later renamed Intel386TM SX

80376

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
 
The Intel i376 is an embedded version of the i386SX.
  • Introduced January 16, 1989; discontinued June 15, 2001
  • Variant of 386SX intended for embedded systems
  • No "real mode", starts up directly in "protected mode"
  • Replaced by much more successful 80386EX from 1994

80386SL

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced October 15, 1990
  • Clock rates:
    • 20 MHz with 4.21 MIPS
    • 25 MHz with 5.3 MIPS, introduced September 30, 1991
  • Internal architecture 32 bits
  • External bus width 16 bits
  • Number of transistors 855,000 at 1 µm
  • Addressable memory 4 GB
  • Virtual memory 1 TB
  • First chip specifically made for portable computers because of low power consumption of chip
  • Highly integrated, includes cache, bus, and memory controllers

80386EX

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced August 1994
  • Variant of 80386SX intended for embedded systems
  • Static core, i.e. may run as slowly (and thus, power efficiently) as desired, down to full halt
  • On-chip peripherals:
    • Clock and power management
    • Timers/counters
    • Watchdog timer
    • Serial I/O units (sync and async) and parallel I/O
    • DMA
    • RAM refresh
    • JTAG test logic
  • Significantly more successful than the 80376
  • Used aboard several orbiting satellites and microsatellites
  • Used in NASA's FlightLinux project

32-bit processors: the 80486 range

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

80486DX

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced April 10, 1989
  • Clock rates:
    • 25 MHz with 20 MIPS (16.8 SPECint92, 7.40 SPECfp92)
    • 33 MHz with 27 MIPS (22.4 SPECint92 on Micronics M4P 128 KB L2), introduced May 7, 1990
    • 50 MHz with 41 MIPS (33.4 SPECint92, 14.5 SPECfp92 on Compaq/50L 256 KB L2), introduced June 24, 1991
  • Bus width 32 bits
  • Number of transistors 1.2 million at 1 µm; the 50 MHz was at 0.8 µm
  • Addressable memory 4 GB
  • Virtual memory 1 TB
  • Level 1 cache of 8 KB on chip
  • Math coprocessor on chip
  • 50X performance of the 8088
  • Officially named Intel486TM DX
  • Used in Desktop computing and servers
  • Family 4 model 3

80486SX

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced April 22, 1991
  • Clock rates:
    • 16 MHz with 13 MIPS
    • 20 MHz with 16.5 MIPS, introduced September 16, 1991
    • 25 MHz with 20 MIPS (12 SPECint92), introduced September 16, 1991
    • 33 MHz with 27 MIPS (15.86 SPECint92), introduced September 21, 1992
  • Bus width 32 bits
  • Number of transistors 1.185 million at 1 µm and 900,000 at 0.8 µm
  • Addressable memory 4 GB
  • Virtual memory 1 TB
  • Identical in design to 486DX but without math coprocessor. The first version was an 80486DX with disabled math coprocessor in the chip and different pin configuration. If the user needed math coprocessor capabilities, he must add 487SX which was actually an 486DX with different pin configuration to prevent the user from installing a 486DX instead of 487SX, so with this configuration 486SX+487SX you had 2 identical CPU's with only 1 effectively turned on
  • Officially named Intel486TM SX
  • Used in low-cost entry to 486 CPU desktop computing, as well as extensively used in low cost mobile computing.
  • Upgradable with the Intel OverDrive processor
  • Family 4 model 2

80486DX2

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced March 3, 1992

Runs at twice the speed of the external bus (FSB). Fits on Socket 3

  • Clock rates:
    • 40 MHz
    • 50 MHz
    • 66 MHz
  • Officially named Intel486TM DX2

80486SL

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced November 9, 1992
  • Clock rates:
    • 20 MHz with 15.4 MIPS
    • 25 MHz with 19 MIPS
    • 33 MHz with 25 MIPS
  • Bus width 32 bits
  • Number of transistors 1.4 million at 0.8 µm
  • Addressable memory 4 GB
  • Virtual memory 1 TB
  • Officially named Intel486TM SL
  • Used in notebook computers
  • Family 4 model 3

80486DX4

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced March 7, 1994
  • Clock rates:
    • 75 MHz with 53 MIPS (41.3 SPECint92, 20.1 SPECfp92 on Micronics M4P 256 KB L2)
    • 100 MHz with 70.7 MIPS (54.59 SPECint92, 26.91 SPECfp92 on Micronics M4P 256 KB L2)
  • Number of transistors 1.6 million at 0.6 µm
  • Bus width 32 bits
  • Addressable memory 4 GB
  • Virtual memory 64 TB
  • Pin count 168 PGA Package, 208 sq ftP Package
  • Officially named Intel486TM DX4
  • Used in high performance entry-level desktops and value notebooks
  • Family 4 model 8

32-bit processors: P5 microarchitecture

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

Original Pentium

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Bus width 64 bits
  • System bus clock rate 60 or 66 MHz
  • Address bus 32 bits
  • Addressable Memory 4 GB
  • Virtual Memory 64 TB
  • Superscalar architecture
  • Runs on 5 volts
  • Used in desktops
  • 8 KB of instruction cache
  • 8 KB of data cache
  • P5 – 0.8 µm process technology
    • Introduced March 22, 1993
    • Number of transistors 3.1 million
    • Socket 4 273 pin PGA processor package
    • Package dimensions 2.16" × 2.16"
    • Family 5 model 1
    • Variants
      • 60 MHz with 100 MIPS (70.4 SPECint92, 55.1 SPECfp92 on Xpress 256 KB L2)
      • 66 MHz with 112 MIPS (77.9 SPECint92, 63.6 SPECfp92 on Xpress 256 KB L2)
  • P54 – 0.6 µm process technology
    • Socket 5 296/320 pin PGA package
    • Number of transistors 3.2 million
    • Variants
      • 75 MHz with 126.5 MIPS (2.31 SPECint95, 2.02 SPECfp95 on Gateway P5 256K L2)
        • Introduced October 10, 1994
      • 90, 100 MHz with 149.8 and 166.3 MIPS respectively (2.74 SPECint95, 2.39 SPECfp95 on Gateway P5 256K L2 and 3.30 SPECint95, 2.59 SPECfp95 on Xpress 1ML2 respectively)
        • Introduced March 7, 1994
  • P54CQS – 0.35 µm process technology
    • Socket 5 296/320 pin PGA package
    • Number of transistors 3.2 million
    • Variants
      • 120 MHz with 203 MIPS (3.72 SPECint95, 2.81 SPECfp95 on Xpress 1MB L2)
        • Introduced March 27, 1995
  • P54CS – 0.35 µm process technology
    • Number of transistors 3.3 million
    • 90 mm² die size
    • Family 5 model 2
    • Variants
    • Socket 5 296/320 pin PGA package
      • 133 MHz with 218.9 MIPS (4.14 SPECint95, 3.12 SPECfp95 on Xpress 1MB L2)
        • Introduced June 12, 1995
      • 150, 166 MHz with 230 and 247 MIPS respectively
        • Introduced January 4, 1996
    • Socket 7 296/321 pin PGA package
      • 200 MHz with 270 MIPS (5.47 SPECint95, 3.68 SPECfp95)
        • Introduced June 10, 1996

Pentium with MMX Technology

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • P55C – 0.35 µm process technology
    • Introduced January 8, 1997
    • Intel MMX (instruction set) support
    • Socket 7 296/321 pin PGA (pin grid array) package
    • 16 KB L1 instruction cache
    • 16 KB L1 data cache
    • Number of transistors 4.5 million
    • System bus clock rate 66 MHz
    • Basic P55C is family 5 model 4, mobile are family 5 model 7 and 8
    • Variants
      • 166, 200 MHz Introduced January 8, 1997
      • 233 MHz Introduced June 2, 1997
      • 133 MHz (Mobile)
      • 166, 266 MHz (Mobile) Introduced January 12, 1998
      • 200, 233 MHz (Mobile) Introduced September 8, 1997
      • 300 MHz (Mobile) Introduced January 7, 1999

32-bit processors: P6/Pentium M microarchitecture

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

Pentium Pro

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced November 1, 1995
  • Precursor to Pentium II and III
  • Primarily used in server systems
  • Socket 8 processor package (387 pins) (Dual SPGA)
  • Number of transistors 5.5 million
  • Family 6 model 1
  • 0.6 µm process technology
    • 16 KB L1 cache
    • 256 KB integrated L2 cache
    • 60 MHz system bus clock rate
    • Variants
      • 150 MHz
  • 0.35 µm process technology, or 0.35 µm CPU with 0.6 µm L2 cache
    • Number of transistors 5.5 million
    • 512 KB or 256 KB integrated L2 cache
    • 60 or 66 MHz system bus clock rate
    • Variants
      • 166 MHz (66 MHz bus clock rate, 512 KB 0.35 µm cache) Introduced November 1, 1995
      • 180 MHz (60 MHz bus clock rate, 256 KB 0.6 µm cache) Introduced November 1, 1995
      • 200 MHz (66 MHz bus clock rate, 256 KB 0.6 µm cache) Introduced November 1, 1995
      • 200 MHz (66 MHz bus clock rate, 512 KB 0.35 µm cache) Introduced November 1, 1995
      • 200 MHz (66 MHz bus clock rate, 1 MB 0.35 µm cache) Introduced August 18, 1997

Pentium II

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced May 7, 1997
  • Pentium Pro with MMX and improved 16-bit performance
  • 242-pin Slot 1 (SEC) processor package
  • Voltage identification pins
  • Number of transistors 7.5 million
  • 32 KB L1 cache
  • 512 KB ½ bandwidth external L2 cache
  • The only Pentium II that did not have the L2 cache at ½ bandwidth of the core was the Pentium II 450 PE.
  • Klamath – 0.35 µm process technology (233, 266, 300 MHz)
    • 66 MHz system bus clock rate
    • Family 6 model 3
    • Variants
      • 233, 266, 300 MHz Introduced May 7, 1997
  • Deschutes – 0.25 µm process technology (333, 350, 400, 450 MHz)
    • Introduced January 26, 1998
    • 66 MHz system bus clock rate (333 MHz variant), 100 MHz system bus clock rate for all models after
    • Family 6 model 5
    • Variants
      • 333 MHz Introduced January 26, 1998
      • 350, 400 MHz Introduced April 15, 1998
      • 450 MHz Introduced August 24, 1998
      • 233, 266 MHz (Mobile) Introduced April 2, 1998
      • 333 MHz Pentium II Overdrive processor for Socket 8 Introduced August 10, 1998; Engineering Sample Photo [dead link]
      • 300 MHz (Mobile) Introduced September 9, 1998
      • 333 MHz (Mobile)

Celeron (Pentium II-based)

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Covington – 0.25 µm process technology
    • Introduced April 15, 1998
    • 242-pin Slot 1 SEPP (Single Edge Processor Package)
    • Number of transistors 7.5 million
    • 66 MHz system bus clock rate
    • Slot 1
    • 32 KB L1 cache
    • No L2 cache
    • Variants
      • 266 MHz Introduced April 15, 1998
      • 300 MHz Introduced June 9, 1998
  • Mendocino – 0.25 µm process technology
    • Introduced August 24, 1998
    • 242-pin Slot 1 SEPP (Single Edge Processor Package), Socket 370 PPGA package
    • Number of transistors 19 million
    • 66 MHz system bus clock rate
    • Slot 1, Socket 370
    • 32 KB L1 cache
    • 128 KB integrated cache
    • Family 6 model 6
    • Variants
      • 300, 333 MHz Introduced August 24, 1998
      • 366, 400 MHz Introduced January 4, 1999
      • 433 MHz Introduced March 22, 1999
      • 466 MHz
      • 500 MHz Introduced August 2, 1999
      • 533 MHz Introduced January 4, 2000
      • 266 MHz (Mobile)
      • 300 MHz (Mobile)
      • 333 MHz (Mobile) Introduced April 5, 1999
      • 366 MHz (Mobile)
      • 400 MHz (Mobile)
      • 433 MHz (Mobile)
      • 450 MHz (Mobile) Introduced February 14, 2000
      • 466 MHz (Mobile)
      • 500 MHz (Mobile) Introduced February 14, 2000


Pentium II Xeon (chronological entry)

Pentium III

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Katmai – 0.25 µm process technology
    • Introduced February 26, 1999
    • Improved PII, i.e. P6-based core, now including Streaming SIMD Extensions (SSE)
    • Number of transistors 9.5 million
    • 512 KB ½ bandwidth L2 External cache
    • 242-pin Slot 1 SECC2 (Single Edge Contact cartridge 2) processor package
    • System Bus clock rate 100 MHz, 133 MHz (B-models)
    • Slot 1
    • Family 6 model 7
    • Variants
      • 450, 500 MHz Introduced February 26, 1999
      • 550 MHz Introduced May 17, 1999
      • 600 MHz Introduced August 2, 1999
      • 533, 600 MHz Introduced (133 MHz bus clock rate) September 27, 1999
  • Coppermine – 0.18 µm process technology
    • Introduced October 25, 1999
    • Number of transistors 28.1 million
    • 256 KB Advanced Transfer L2 Cache (Integrated)
    • 242-pin Slot-1 SECC2 (Single Edge Contact cartridge 2) processor package, 370-pin FC-PGA (Flip-chip pin grid array) package
    • System Bus clock rate 100 MHz (E-models), 133 MHz (EB models)
    • Slot 1, Socket 370
    • Family 6 model 8
    • Variants
      • 500 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate)
      • 533 MHz
      • 550 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate)
      • 600 MHz
      • 600 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate)
      • 650 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate) Introduced October 25, 1999
      • 667 MHz Introduced October 25, 1999
      • 700 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate) Introduced October 25, 1999
      • 733 MHz Introduced October 25, 1999
      • 750, 800 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate) Introduced December 20, 1999
      • 850 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate) Introduced March 20, 2000
      • 866 MHz Introduced March 20, 2000
      • 933 MHz Introduced May 24, 2000
      • 1000 MHz Introduced March 8, 2000 (not widely available at time of release)
      • 1100 MHz
      • 1133 MHz (first version recalled, later re-released)
      • 400, 450, 500 MHz (Mobile) Introduced October 25, 1999
      • 600, 650 MHz (Mobile) Introduced January 18, 2000
      • 700 MHz (Mobile) Introduced April 24, 2000
      • 750 MHz (Mobile) Introduced June 19, 2000
      • 800, 850 MHz (Mobile) Introduced September 25, 2000
      • 900, 1000 MHz (Mobile) Introduced March 19, 2001
  • Tualatin – 0.13 µm process technology
    • Introduced July 2001
    • Number of transistors 28.1 million
    • 32 KB L1 cache
    • 256 KB or 512 KB Advanced Transfer L2 cache (integrated)
    • 370-pin FC-PGA2 (flip-chip pin grid array) package
    • 133 MHz system bus clock rate
    • Socket 370
    • Family 6 model 11
    • Variants
      • 1133 MHz (256 KB L2)
      • 1133 MHz (512 KB L2)
      • 1200 MHz
      • 1266 MHz (512 KB L2)
      • 1333 MHz
      • 1400 MHz (512 KB L2)

Pentium II and III Xeon

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • PII Xeon
    • Variants
      • 400 MHz Introduced June 29, 1998
      • 450 MHz (512 KB L2 Cache) Introduced October 6, 1998
      • 450 MHz (1 MB and 2 MB L2 Cache) Introduced January 5, 1999
  • PIII Xeon
    • Introduced October 25, 1999
    • Number of transistors: 9.5 million at 0.25 µm or 28 million at 0.18 µm
    • L2 cache is 256 KB, 1 MB, or 2 MB Advanced Transfer Cache (Integrated)
    • Processor Package Style is Single Edge Contact Cartridge (S.E.C.C.2) or SC330
    • System Bus clock rate 133 MHz (256 KB L2 cache) or 100 MHz (1–2 MB L2 cache)
    • System Bus width 64 bits
    • Addressable memory 64 GB
    • Used in two-way servers and workstations (256 KB L2) or 4- and 8-way servers (1–2 MB L2)
    • Family 6 model 10
    • Variants
      • 500 MHz (0.25 µm process) Introduced March 17, 1999
      • 550 MHz (0.25 µm process) Introduced August 23, 1999
      • 600 MHz (0.18 µm process, 256 KB L2 cache) Introduced October 25, 1999
      • 667 MHz (0.18 µm process, 256 KB L2 cache) Introduced October 25, 1999
      • 733 MHz (0.18 µm process, 256 KB L2 cache) Introduced October 25, 1999
      • 800 MHz (0.18 µm process, 256 KB L2 cache) Introduced January 12, 2000
      • 866 MHz (0.18 µm process, 256 KB L2 cache) Introduced April 10, 2000
      • 933 MHz (0.18 µm process, 256 KB L2 cache)
      • 1000 MHz (0.18 µm process, 256 KB L2 cache) Introduced August 22, 2000
      • 700 MHz (0.18 µm process, 1–2 MB L2 cache) Introduced May 22, 2000

Celeron (Pentium III Coppermine-based)

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Coppermine-128, 0.18 µm process technology
    • Introduced March, 2000
    • Streaming SIMD Extensions (SSE)
    • Socket 370, FC-PGA processor package
    • Number of transistors: 28.1 million
    • 66 MHz system bus clock rate, 100 MHz system bus clock rate from January 3, 2001
    • 32 kB L1 cache
    • 128 kB Advanced Transfer L2 cache
    • Family 6 model 8
    • Variants
      • 533 MHz
      • 566 MHz
      • 600 MHz
      • 633, 667, 700 MHz Introduced June 26, 2000
      • 733, 766 MHz Introduced November 13, 2000
      • 800 MHz Introduced January 3, 2001
      • 850 MHz Introduced April 9, 2001
      • 900 MHz Introduced July 2, 2001
      • 950, 1000, 1100 MHz Introduced August 31, 2001
      • 550 MHz (Mobile)
      • 600, 650 MHz (Mobile) Introduced June 19, 2000
      • 700 MHz (Mobile) Introduced September 25, 2000
      • 750 MHz (Mobile) Introduced March 19, 2001
      • 800 MHz (Mobile)
      • 850 MHz (Mobile) Introduced July 2, 2001
      • 600 MHz (LV Mobile)
      • 500 MHz (ULV Mobile) Introduced January 30, 2001
      • 600 MHz (ULV Mobile)


XScale (chronological entry - non-x86 architechture)


Pentium 4 (not 4EE, 4E, 4F), Itanium, P4-based Xeon, Itanium 2 (chronological entries)

  • Introduced April 2000 – July 2002
  • See main entries

Celeron (Pentium III Tualatin-based)

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Tualatin Celeron – 0.13 µm process technology
    • 32 KB L1 cache
    • 256 KB Advanced Transfer L2 cache
    • 100 MHz system bus clock rate
    • Socket 370
    • Family 6 model 11
    • Variants
      • 1.0 GHz
      • 1.1 GHz
      • 1.2 GHz
      • 1.3 GHz
      • 1.4 GHz

Pentium M

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Banias 0.13 µm process technology
    • Introduced March 2003
    • 64 KB L1 cache
    • 1 MB L2 cache (integrated)
    • Based on Pentium III core, with SSE2 SIMD instructions and deeper pipeline
    • Number of transistors 77 million
    • Micro-FCPGA, Micro-FCBGA processor package
    • Heart of the Intel mobile Centrino system
    • 400 MHz Netburst-style system bus
    • Family 6 model 9
    • Variants
      • 900 MHz (ultra low voltage)
      • 1.0 GHz (ultra low voltage)
      • 1.1 GHz (low voltage)
      • 1.2 GHz (low voltage)
      • 1.3 GHz
      • 1.4 GHz
      • 1.5 GHz
      • 1.6 GHz
      • 1.7 GHz
  • Dothan 0.09 µm (90 nm) process technology
    • Introduced May 2004
    • 2 MB L2 cache
    • 140 million transistors
    • Revised data prefetch unit
    • 400 MHz Netburst-style system bus
    • 21W TDP
    • Family 6 model 13
    • Variants
      • 1.00 GHz (Pentium M 723) (ultra low voltage, 5W TDP)
      • 1.10 GHz (Pentium M 733) (ultra low voltage, 5W TDP)
      • 1.20 GHz (Pentium M 753) (ultra low voltage, 5W TDP)
      • 1.30 GHz (Pentium M 718) (low voltage, 10W TDP)
      • 1.40 GHz (Pentium M 738) (low voltage, 10W TDP)
      • 1.50 GHz (Pentium M 758) (low voltage, 10W TDP)
      • 1.60 GHz (Pentium M 778) (low voltage, 10W TDP)
      • 1.40 GHz (Pentium M 710)
      • 1.50 GHz (Pentium M 715)
      • 1.60 GHz (Pentium M 725)
      • 1.70 GHz (Pentium M 735)
      • 1.80 GHz (Pentium M 745)
      • 2.00 GHz (Pentium M 755)
      • 2.10 GHz (Pentium M 765)
  • Dothan 533 0.09 µm (90 nm) process technology
    • Introduced Q1 2005
    • Same as Dothan except with a 533 MHz NetBurst-style system bus and 27W TDP
    • Variants
      • 1.60 GHz (Pentium M 730)
      • 1.73 GHz (Pentium M 740)
      • 1.86 GHz (Pentium M 750)
      • 2.00 GHz (Pentium M 760)
      • 2.13 GHz (Pentium M 770)
      • 2.26 GHz (Pentium M 780)
  • Stealey 0.09 µm (90 nm) process technology
    • Introduced Q2 2007
    • 512 KB L2, 3W TDP
    • Variants
      • 600 MHz (A100)
      • 800 MHz (A110)

Celeron M

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Banias-512 0.13 µm process technology
    • Introduced March 2003
    • 64 KB L1 cache
    • 512 KB L2 cache (integrated)
    • SSE2 SIMD instructions
    • No SpeedStep technology, is not part of the 'Centrino' package
    • Family 6 model 9
    • Variants
      • 310 – 1.20 GHz
      • 320 – 1.30 GHz
      • 330 – 1.40 GHz
      • 340 – 1.50 GHz
  • Dothan-1024 90 nm process technology
    • 64 KB L1 cache
    • 1 MB L2 cache (integrated)
    • SSE2 SIMD instructions
    • No SpeedStep technology, is not part of the 'Centrino' package
    • Variants
      • 350 – 1.30 GHz
      • 350J – 1.30 GHz, with Execute Disable bit
      • 360 – 1.40 GHz
      • 360J – 1.40 GHz, with Execute Disable bit
      • 370 – 1.50 GHz, with Execute Disable bit
        • Family 6, Model 13, Stepping 8[୫]
      • 380 – 1.60 GHz, with Execute Disable bit
      • 390 – 1.70 GHz, with Execute Disable bit
  • Yonah-1024 65 nm process technology
    • 64 KB L1 cache
    • 1 MB L2 cache (integrated)
    • SSE3 SIMD instructions, 533 MHz front-side bus, execute-disable bit
    • No SpeedStep technology, is not part of the 'Centrino' package
    • Variants
      • 410 – 1.46 GHz
      • 420 – 1.60 GHz,
      • 423 – 1.06 GHz (ultra low voltage)
      • 430 – 1.73 GHz
      • 440 – 1.86 GHz
      • 443 – 1.20 GHz (ultra low voltage)
      • 450 – 2.00 GHz

Intel Core

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Yonah 0.065 µm (65 nm) process technology
    • Introduced January 2006
    • 533/667 MHz front side bus
    • 2 MB (Shared on Duo) L2 cache
    • SSE3 SIMD instructions
    • 31W TDP (T versions)
    • Family 6, Model 14
    • Variants:
      • Intel Core Duo T2700 2.33 GHz
      • Intel Core Duo T2600 2.16 GHz
      • Intel Core Duo T2500 2 GHz
      • Intel Core Duo T2450 2 GHz
      • Intel Core Duo T2400 1.83 GHz
      • Intel Core Duo T2300 1.66 GHz
      • Intel Core Duo T2050 1.6 GHz
      • Intel Core Duo T2300e 1.66 GHz
      • Intel Core Duo T2080 1.73 GHz
      • Intel Core Duo L2500 1.83 GHz (low voltage, 15W TDP)
      • Intel Core Duo L2400 1.66 GHz (low voltage, 15W TDP)
      • Intel Core Duo L2300 1.5 GHz (low voltage, 15W TDP)
      • Intel Core Duo U2500 1.2 GHz (ultra low voltage, 9W TDP)
      • Intel Core Solo T1350 1.86 GHz (533 FSB)
      • Intel Core Solo T1300 1.66 GHz
      • Intel Core Solo T1200 1.5 GHz [୬]

Dual-Core Xeon LV

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Sossaman 0.065 µm (65 nm) process technology
    • Introduced March 2006
    • Based on Yonah core, with SSE3 SIMD instructions
    • 667 MHz frontside bus
    • 2 MB Shared L2 cache
    • Variants
      • 2.0 GHz

32-bit processors: NetBurst microarchitecture

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

Pentium 4

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • 0.18 µm process technology (1.40 and 1.50 GHz)
    • Introduced November 20, 2000
    • L2 cache was 256 KB Advanced Transfer Cache (Integrated)
    • Processor Package Style was PGA423, PGA478
    • System Bus clock rate 400 MHz
    • SSE2 SIMD Extensions
    • Number of transistors 42 million
    • Used in desktops and entry-level workstations
  • 0.18 µm process technology (1.7 GHz)
    • Introduced April 23, 2001
    • See the 1.4 and 1.5 chips for details
  • 0.18 µm process technology (1.6 and 1.8 GHz)
    • Introduced July 2, 2001
    • See 1.4 and 1.5 chips for details
    • Core Voltage is 1.15 volts in Maximum Performance Mode; 1.05 volts in Battery Optimized Mode
    • Power <1 watt in Battery Optimized Mode
    • Used in full-size and then light mobile PCs
  • 0.18 µm process technology Willamette (1.9 and 2.0 GHz)
    • Introduced August 27, 2001
    • See 1.4 and 1.5 chips for details
  • Family 15 model 1
  • Pentium 4 (2 GHz, 2.20 GHz)
    • Introduced January 7, 2002
  • Pentium 4 (2.4 GHz)
    • Introduced April 2, 2002
  • 0.13 µm process technology Northwood A (1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.2, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.8(OEM),3.0(OEM) GHz)
    • Improved branch prediction and other microcodes tweaks
    • 512 KB integrated L2 cache
    • Number of transistors 55 million
    • 400 MHz system bus.
  • Family 15 model 2
  • 0.13 µm process technology Northwood B (2.26, 2.4, 2.53, 2.66, 2.8, 3.06 GHz)
  • 0.13 µm process technology Northwood C (2.4, 2.6, 2.8, 3.0, 3.2, 3.4 GHz)
    • 800 MHz system bus (all versions include Hyper-Threading)
    • 6500 to 10000 MIPS


Itanium (chronological entry - new non-x86 architechture)

Xeon

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Official designation now Xeon, i.e. not "Pentium 4 Xeon"
  • Xeon 1.4, 1.5, 1.7 GHz
    • Introduced May 21, 2001
    • L2 cache was 256 KB Advanced Transfer Cache (Integrated)
    • Processor Package Style was Organic Land Grid Array 603 (OLGA 603)
    • System Bus clock rate 400 MHz
    • SSE2 SIMD Extensions
    • Used in high-performance and mid-range dual processor enabled workstations
  • Xeon 2.0 GHz and up to 3.6 GHz
    • Introduced September 25, 2001


Itanium 2 (chronological entry - new non-x86 architechture)

Mobile Pentium 4-M

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • 0.13 µm process technology
  • 55 million transistors
  • cache L2 512 KB
  • BUS a 400 MHz
  • Supports up to 1 GB of DDR 266 MHz Memory
  • Supports ACPI 2.0 and APM 1.2 System Power Management
  • 1.3 V – 1.2 V (SpeedStep)
  • Power: 1.2 GHz 20.8 W, 1.6 GHz 30 W, 2.6 GHz 35 W
  • Sleep Power 5 W (1.2 V)
  • Deeper Sleep Power = 2.9 W (1.0 V)
    • 1.40 GHz – 23 April 2002
    • 1.50 GHz – 23 April 2002
    • 1.60 GHz – 4 March 2002
    • 1.70 GHz – 4 March 2002
    • 1.80 GHz – 23 April 2002
    • 1.90 GHz – 24 June 2002
    • 2.00 GHz – 24 June 2002
    • 2.20 GHz – 16 September 2002
    • 2.40 GHz – 14 January 2003
    • 2.50 GHz – 16 April 2003
    • 2.60 GHz – 11 June 2003

Pentium 4 EE

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced September 2003
  • EE = "Extreme Edition"
  • Built from the Xeon's "Gallatin" core, but with 2 MB cache

Pentium 4E

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced February 2004
  • built on 0.09 µm (90 nm) process technology Prescott (2.4A, 2.8, 2.8A, 3.0, 3.2, 3.4, 3.6, 3.8) 1 MB L2 cache
  • 533 MHz system bus (2.4A and 2.8A only)
  • Number of transistors 125 million on 1 MB Models
  • Number of transistors 169 million on 2 MB Models
  • 800 MHz system bus (all other models)
  • Hyper-Threading support is only available on CPUs using the 800 MHz system bus.
  • The processor's integer instruction pipeline has been increased from 20 stages to 31 stages, which theoretically allows for even greater bandwidth.
  • 7500 to 11000 MIPS
  • LGA 775 versions are in the 5xx series (32-bit) and 5x1 series (with Intel 64)
  • The 6xx series has 2 MB L2 cache and Intel 64

Pentium 4F

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Introduced Spring 2004
  • same core as 4E, "Prescott"
  • 3.2–3.6 GHz
  • starting with the D0 stepping of this processor, Intel 64 64-bit extensions has also been incorporated

64-bit processors: IA-64

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

Itanium

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Code name Merced
  • Family 7
  • Released May 29, 2001
  • 733 MHz and 800 MHz
  • 2MB cache
  • All recalled and replaced by Itanium 2

Itanium 2

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Family 0x1F
  • Released July 2002
  • 900 MHz – 1.6 GHz
  • McKinley 900 MHz 1.5 MB cache, Model 0x0
  • McKinley 1 GHz, 3 MB cache, Model 0x0
  • Deerfield 1 GHz, 1.5 MB cache, Model 0x1
  • Madison 1.3 GHz, 3 MB cache, Model 0x1
  • Madison 1.4 GHz, 4 MB cache, Model 0x1
  • Madison 1.5 GHz, 6 MB cache, Model 0x1
  • Madison 1.67 GHz, 9 MB cache, Model 0x1
  • Hondo 1.4 GHz, 4 MB cache, dual-core MCM, Model 0x1

64-bit processors: Intel 64 – NetBurst microarchitecture

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Intel Extended Memory 64 Technology
  • Mostly compatible with AMD's AMD64 architecture
  • Introduced Spring 2004, with the Pentium 4F (D0 and later P4 steppings)

Pentium 4F

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Prescott-2M built on 0.09 µm (90 nm) process technology
  • 2.8–3.8 GHz (model numbers 6x0)
  • Introduced February 20, 2005
  • Same features as Prescott with the addition of:
    • 2 MB cache
    • Intel 64-bit
    • Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology (EIST)
  • Cedar Mill built on 0.065 µm (65 nm) process technology
  • 3.0–3.6 (model numbers 6x1)
  • Introduced January 16, 2006
  • Die shrink of Prescott-2M
  • Same features as Prescott-2M
  • Family 15 Model 4

Pentium D

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
ମୂଳ ପ୍ରସଙ୍ଗ: List of Intel Pentium D microprocessors
  • Smithfield – 90 nm process technology (2.66–3.2 GHz)
    • Introduced May 26, 2005
    • 2.66–3.2 GHz (model numbers 805–840)
    • Number of transistors 230 million
    • 1 MB × 2 (non-shared, 2 MB total) L2 cache
    • Cache coherency between cores requires communication over the FSB
    • Performance increase of 60% over similarly clocked Prescott
    • 2.66 GHz (533 MHz FSB) Pentium D 805 introduced December 2005
    • Contains 2x Prescott dies in one package
    • Family 15 Model 4
  • Presler – 65 nm process technology (2.8–3.6 GHz)
    • Introduced January 16, 2006
    • 2.8–3.6 GHz (model numbers 915–960)
    • Number of transistors 376 million
    • 2 MB × 2 (non-shared, 4 MB total) L2 cache
    • Contains 2x Cedar Mill dies in one package
    • Variants
      • Pentium D 945

Pentium Extreme Edition

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Dual-core microprocessor
  • Enabled Hyper-Threading
  • 800(4×200) MHz front side bus
  • Smithfield – 90 nm process technology (3.2 GHz)
    • Variants
      • Pentium 840 EE – 3.20 GHz (2 × 1 MB L2)
  • Presler – 65 nm process technology (3.46, 3.73)
    • 2 MB × 2 (non-shared, 4 MB total) L2 cache
    • Variants

Xeon

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Nocona
    • Introduced 2004
  • Irwindale
    • Introduced 2004
  • Cranford
    • Introduced April 2005
    • MP version of Nocona
  • Potomac
    • Introduced April 2005
    • Cranford with 8 MB of L3 cache
  • Paxville DP (2.8 GHz)
    • Introduced October 10, 2005
    • Dual-core version of Irwindale, with 4 MB of L2 Cache (2 MB per core)
    • 2.8 GHz
    • 800 MT/s front side bus
  • Paxville MP – 90 nm process (2.67 – 3.0 GHz)
    • Introduced November 1, 2005
    • Dual-core Xeon 7000 series
    • MP-capable version of Paxville DP
    • 2 MB of L2 Cache (1 MB per core) or 4 MB of L2 (2 MB per core)
    • 667 MT/s FSB or 800 MT/s FSB
  • Dempsey – 65 nm process (2.67 – 3.73 GHz)
    • Introduced May 23, 2006
    • Dual-core Xeon 5000 series
    • MP version of Presler
    • 667 MT/s or 1066 MT/s FSB
    • 4 MB of L2 Cache (2 MB per core)
    • LGA 771 (Socket J).
  • Tulsa – 65 nm process (2.5 – 3.4 GHz)
    • Introduced August 29, 2006
    • Dual-core Xeon 7100-series
    • Improved version of Paxville MP
    • 667 MT/s or 800 MT/s FSB

64-bit processors: Intel 64 – Core microarchitecture

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

Xeon

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Woodcrest – 65 nm process technology
    • Server and Workstation CPU (SMP support for dual CPU system)
    • Introduced June 26, 2006
    • Dual-core
    • Intel VT-x, multiple OS support
    • EIST (Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology) in 5140, 5148LV, 5150, 5160
    • Execute Disable Bit
    • TXT, enhanced security hardware extensions
    • SSSE3 SIMD instructions
    • iAMT2 (Intel Active Management Technology), remotely manage computers
    • Variants
      • Xeon 5160 – 3.00 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 80 W)
      • Xeon 5150 – 2.66 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65 W)
      • Xeon 5140 – 2.33 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65 W)
      • Xeon 5130 – 2.00 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65 W)
      • Xeon 5120 – 1.86 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 65 W)
      • Xeon 5110 – 1.60 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 65 W)
      • Xeon 5148LV – 2.33 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 40 W) (low voltage edition)
  • Clovertown – 65 nm process technology
    • Server and Workstation CPU (SMP support for dual CPU system)
    • Introduced December 13, 2006
    • Quad-core
    • Intel VT-x, multiple OS support
    • EIST (Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology) in E5365, L5335
    • Execute Disable Bit
    • TXT, enhanced security hardware extensions
    • SSSE3 SIMD instructions
    • iAMT2 (Intel Active Management Technology), remotely manage computers
    • Variants
      • Xeon X5355 – 2.66 GHz (2×4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 105 W)
      • Xeon E5345 – 2.33 GHz (2×4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 80 W)
      • Xeon E5335 – 2.00 GHz (2×4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 80 W)
      • Xeon E5320 – 1.86 GHz (2×4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 65 W)
      • Xeon E5310 – 1.60 GHz (2×4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 65 W)
      • Xeon L5320 – 1.86 GHz (2×4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 50 W) (low voltage edition)

Intel Core 2

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Conroe – 65 nm process technology
    • Desktop CPU (SMP support restricted to 2 CPUs)
    • Two cores on one die
    • Introduced July 27, 2006
    • SSSE3 SIMD instructions
    • Number of transistors: 291 million
    • 64 KB of L1 cache per core (32+32 KB 8-way)
    • Intel VT-x, multiple OS support
    • TXT, enhanced security hardware extensions
    • Execute Disable Bit
    • EIST (Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology)
    • iAMT2 (Intel Active Management Technology), remotely manage computers
    • LGA 775
    • Variants
      • Core 2 Duo E6850 – 3.00 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo X6800 – 2.93 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E6750 – 2.67 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65W)
      • Core 2 Duo E6700 – 2.67 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E6600 – 2.40 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 65W)
      • Core 2 Duo E6550 – 2.33 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E6420 – 2.13 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E6400 – 2.13 GHz (2 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E6320 – 1.86 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB) Family 6, Model 15, Stepping 6
      • Core 2 Duo E6300 – 1.86 GHz (2 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
  • Conroe XE – 65 nm process technology
    • Desktop Extreme Edition CPU (SMP support restricted to 2 CPUs)
    • Introduced July 27, 2006
    • same features as Conroe
    • LGA 775
    • Variants
      • Core 2 Extreme X6800 – 2.93 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
  • Allendale – 65 nm process technology
    • Desktop CPU (SMP support restricted to 2 CPUs)
    • Two CPUs on one die
    • Introduced January 21, 2007
    • SSSE3 SIMD instructions
    • Number of transistors 167 million
    • TXT, enhanced security hardware extensions
    • Execute Disable Bit
    • EIST (Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology)
    • iAMT2 (Intel Active Management Technology), remotely manage computers
    • LGA 775
    • Variants
      • Core 2 Duo E4700 – 2.60 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E4600 – 2.40 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E4500 – 2.20 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E4400 – 2.00 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E4300 – 1.80 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Family 6, Model 15, Stepping 2
  • Merom – 65 nm process technology
    • Mobile CPU (SMP support restricted to 2 CPUs)
    • Introduced July 27, 2006
    • Family 6, Model 15
    • same features as Conroe
    • Socket M / Socket P
    • Variants
      • Core 2 Duo T7800 – 2.60 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) (Santa Rosa platform)
      • Core 2 Duo T7700 – 2.40 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo T7600 – 2.33 GHz (4 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo T7500 – 2.20 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo T7400 – 2.16 GHz (4 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo T7300 – 2.00 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo T7250 – 2.00 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo T7200 – 2.00 GHz (4 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo T7100 – 1.80 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo T5600 – 1.83 GHz (2 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB) Family 6, Model 15, Stepping 6
      • Core 2 Duo T5550 – 1.83 GHz (2 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB, no VT)
      • Core 2 Duo T5500 – 1.66 GHz (2 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB, no VT)
      • Core 2 Duo T5470 – 1.60 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB, no VT) Family 6, Model 15, Stepping 13
      • Core 2 Duo T5450 – 1.66 GHz (2 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB, no VT)
      • Core 2 Duo T5300 – 1.73 GHz (2 MB L2, 533 MHz FSB, no VT)
      • Core 2 Duo T5270 – 1.40 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB, no VT)
      • Core 2 Duo T5250 – 1.50 GHz (2 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB, no VT)
      • Core 2 Duo T5200 – 1.60 GHz (2 MB L2, 533 MHz FSB, no VT)
      • Core 2 Duo L7500 – 1.60 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) (low voltage)
      • Core 2 Duo L7400 – 1.50 GHz (4 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB) (low voltage)
      • Core 2 Duo L7300 – 1.40 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) (low voltage)
      • Core 2 Duo L7200 – 1.33 GHz (4 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB) (low voltage)
      • Core 2 Duo U7700 – 1.33 GHz (2 MB L2, 533 MHz FSB) (ultra low voltage)
      • Core 2 Duo U7600 – 1.20 GHz (2 MB L2, 533 MHz FSB) (ultra low voltage)
      • Core 2 Duo U7500 – 1.06 GHz (2 MB L2, 533 MHz FSB) (ultra low voltage)
  • Kentsfield – 65 nm process technology
    • Two dual-core CPU dies in one package.
    • Desktop CPU quad-core (SMP support restricted to 4 CPUs)
    • Introduced December 13, 2006
    • same features as Conroe but with 4 CPU cores
    • Number of transistors 586 million
    • LGA 775
    • Family 6, Model 15, Stepping 11
    • Variants
      • Core 2 Extreme QX6850 – 3 GHz (2×4 MB L2 Cache, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Extreme QX6800 – 2.93 GHz (2×4 MB L2 Cache, 1066 MHz FSB) (April 9, 2007)
      • Core 2 Extreme QX6700 – 2.66 GHz (2×4 MB L2 Cache, 1066 MHz FSB) (November 14, 2006)
      • Core 2 Quad Q6700 – 2.66 GHz (2×4 MB L2 Cache, 1066 MHz FSB) (July 22, 2007)
      • Core 2 Quad Q6600 – 2.40 GHz (2×4 MB L2 Cache, 1066 MHz FSB) (January 7, 2007)
  • Wolfdale – 45 nm process technology
    • Die shrink of Conroe
    • Same features as Conroe with the addition of:
      • 50% more cache, 6 MB as opposed to 4 MB
      • Intel Trusted Execution Technology
      • SSE4 SIMD instructions
    • Number of transistors 410 million
    • Variants
      • Core 2 Duo E8600 – 3.33 GHz (6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E8500 – 3.16 GHz (6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E8435 – 3.07 GHz (6 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E8400 – 3.00 GHz (6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E8335 – 2.93 GHz (6 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E8300 – 2.83 GHz (6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E8235 – 2.80 GHz (6 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E8200 – 2.66 GHz (6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E8135 – 2.66 GHz (6 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E8190 – 2.66 GHz (6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, no TXT, no VT)
  • Wolfdale-3M – 45 nm process technology
    • Intel Trusted Execution Technology
    • Variants
      • Core 2 Duo E7600 – 3.06 GHz (3 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E7500 – 2.93 GHz (3 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E7400 – 2.80 GHz (3 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E7300 – 2.66 GHz (3 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Duo E7200 – 2.53 GHz (3 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)
  • Yorkfield – 45 nm process technology
    • Quad-core CPU
    • Die shrink of Kentsfield
    • Contains 2x Wolfdale dual-core dies in one package
    • Same features as Wolfdale
    • Number of transistors 820 million
    • Variants
      • Core 2 Extreme QX9770 – 3.20 GHz (2×6 MB L2, 1600 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Extreme QX9650 – 3.00 GHz (2×6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9705 – 3.16 GHz (2×3 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9700 – 3.16 GHz (2×3 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9650 – 3 GHz (2×6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9550 – 2.83 GHz (2×6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9550s – 2.83 GHz (2×6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9450 – 2.66 GHz (2×6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9505 – 2.83 GHz (2×3 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9505s – 2.83 GHz (2×3 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9500 – 2.83 GHz (2×3 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95W TDP, no TXT)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9400 – 2.66 GHz (2×3 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9400s – 2.66 GHz (2×3 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9300 – 2.50 GHz (2×3 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q8400 – 2.66 GHz (2×2 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q8400s – 2.66 GHz (2×2 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q8300 – 2.50 GHz (2×2 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q8300s – 2.50 GHz (2×2 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q8200 – 2.33 GHz (2×2 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q8200s – 2.33 GHz (2×2 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q7600 – 2.70 GHz (2×1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB, no SSE4) (no Q7600 listed here)
  • Intel Core2 Quad Mobile Processor Family – 45 nm process technology
    • Quad-core CPU
    • Variants
      • Core 2 Quad Q9100 – 2.26 GHz (2×6 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 45W TDP)
      • Core 2 Quad Q9000 – 2.00 GHz (2×3 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 45W TDP)

Pentium Dual-Core

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Allendale – 65 nm process technology
    • Desktop CPU (SMP support restricted to 2 CPUs)
    • Two cores on one die
    • Introduced January 21, 2007
    • SSSE3 SIMD instructions
    • Number of transistors 167 million
    • TXT, enhanced security hardware extensions
    • Execute Disable Bit
    • EIST (Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology)
    • Variants
      • Intel Pentium E2240 – 2.40 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Pentium E2200 – 2.20 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Pentium E2180 – 2.00 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Pentium E2160 – 1.80 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Pentium E2140 – 1.60 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
  • Wolfdale-3M 45 nm process technology
    • Intel Pentium E6800 – 3.33 GHz (2 MB L2,1066 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E6700 – 3.20 GHz (2 MB L2,1066 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E6600 – 3.06 GHz (2 MB L2,1066 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E6500 – 2.93 GHz (2 MB L2,1066 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E6300 – 2.80 GHz (2 MB L2,1066 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E5800 – 3.20 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E5700 – 3.00 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E5500 – 2.80 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E5400 – 2.70 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E5300 – 2.60 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E5200 – 2.50 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
    • Intel Pentium E2210 – 2.20 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)

Celeron

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Allendale – 65 nm process technology
    • Variants
      • Intel Celeron E1600 – 2.40 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron E1500 – 2.20 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron E1400 – 2.00 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron E1300 – 1.80 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB) (does it exist?)[ଆଧାର ଲୋଡ଼ା]
      • Intel Celeron E1200 – 1.60 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
  • Wolfdale-3M – 45 nm process technology
    • Variants
      • Intel Celeron E3500 – 2.70 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron E3400 – 2.60 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron E3300 – 2.50 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron E3200 – 2.40 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
  • Conroe-L – 65 nm process technology
    • Variants
      • Intel Celeron 450 – 2.20 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron 440 – 2.00 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron 430 – 1.80 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron 420 – 1.60 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB)
      • Intel Celeron 220 – 1.20 GHz (512 KB L2, 533 MHz FSB)
  • Conroe-CL – 65 nm process technology
    • LGA 771 package
    • Variants
      • Intel Celeron 445 – 1.87 GHz (512 KB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)

Celeron M

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Merom-L 65 nm process technology
    • 64 KB L1 cache
    • 1 MB L2 cache (integrated)
    • SSE3 SIMD instructions, 533 MHz front-side bus, execute-disable bit, 64-bit
    • No SpeedStep technology, is not part of the 'Centrino' package
    • Variants
      • 520 – 1.60 GHz
      • 530 – 1.73 GHz
      • 540 – 1.86 GHz
      • 550 – 2.00 GHz
      • 560 – 2.13 GHz

64-bit processors: Intel 64 – Nehalem microarchitecture

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

Intel Pentium

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Clarkdale – 32 nm process technology
    • 2 physical cores/2 threads
    • 3 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced January 2010
    • Socket 1156 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3
    • Integrated HD GPU
    • Variants

Core i3

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Clarkdale – 32 nm process technology
    • 2 physical cores/4 threads
    • 64 Kb L1 cache
    • 512 Kb L2 cache
    • 4 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced January, 2010
    • Socket 1156 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3
    • Integrated HD GPU
    • Variants
      • 530 – 2.93 GHz Hyper-Threading
      • 540 – 3.06 GHz Hyper-Threading
      • 550 – 3.2 GHz Hyper-Threading
      • 560 – 3.33 GHz Hyper-Threading

Core i5

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Lynnfield – 45 nm process technology
    • 4 physical cores
    • 32+32 Kb (per core) L1 cache
    • 256 Kb (per core) L2 cache
    • 8 MB common L3 cache
    • Introduced September 8, 2009
    • Family 6 Model E (Ext. Model 1E)
    • Socket 1156 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3
    • Variants
      • 750S – 2.40 GHz/3.20 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 750 – 2.66 GHz/3.20 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 760 – 2.80 GHz/3.33 GHz Turbo Boost
  • Clarkdale – 32 nm process technology
    • 2 physical cores/4 threads
    • 64 Kb L1 cache
    • 512 Kb L2 cache
    • 4 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced January, 2010
    • Socket 1156 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3
    • Integrated HD GPU
    • AES Support
    • Variants
      • 650/655K – 3.2 GHz Hyper-Threading Turbo Boost
      • 660/661 – 3.33 GHz Hyper-Threading Turbo Boost
      • 670 – 3.46 GHz Hyper-Threading Turbo Boost
      • 680 – 3.60 GHz Hyper-Threading Turbo Boost

Core i7

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Bloomfield – 45 nm process technology
    • 4 physical cores
    • 256 KB L2 cache
    • 8 MB L3 cache
    • Front side bus replaced with QuickPath up to 6.4GT/s
    • Hyper-Threading is again included. This had previously been removed at the introduction of Core line
    • 781 million transistors
    • Intel Turbo Boost Technology
    • TDP 130W
    • Introduced November 17, 2008
    • Socket 1366 LGA
    • 3-channel DDR3
    • Variants
      • 975 (extreme edition) – 3.33 GHz/3.60 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 965 (extreme edition) – 3.20 GHz/3.46 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 960 – 3.20 GHz/3.46 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 950 – 3.06 GHz/3.33 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 940 – 2.93 GHz/3.20 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 930 – 2.80 GHz/3.06 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 920 – 2.66 GHz/2.93 GHz Turbo Boost
  • Lynnfield – 45 nm process technology
    • 4 physical cores
    • 256 KB L2 cache
    • 8 MB L3 cache
    • No QuickPath, instead compatible with slower DMI interface
    • Hyper-Threading is included
    • Introduced September 8, 2009
    • Socket 1156 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3
    • Variants
      • 880 – 3.06 GHz/3.73 GHz Turbo Boost (TDP 95W)
      • 870/875K – 2.93 GHz/3.60 GHz Turbo Boost (TDP 95W)
      • 870S – 2.67 GHz/3.60 GHz Turbo Boost (TDP 82W)
      • 860 – 2.80 GHz/3.46 GHz Turbo Boost (TDP 95W)
      • 860S – 2.53 GHz/3.46 GHz Turbo Boost (TDP 82W)

TODO: Westmere

  • Gulftown – 32 nm process technology
    • 6 physical cores
    • 256 KB L2 cache
    • 12 MB L3 cache
    • Front side bus replaced with QuickPath up to 6.4GT/s
    • Hyper-Threading is included
    • Intel Turbo Boost Technology
    • Socket 1366 LGA
    • TDP 130W
    • Introduced 16 March 2010
    • Variants
      • 990X Extreme Edition – 3.46 GHz/3.73 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 980X Extreme Edition – 3.33 GHz/3.60 GHz Turbo Boost
      • 970 – 3.20 GHz/3.46 GHz Turbo Boost
  • Clarksfield – Intel Core i7 Mobile Processor Family – 45 nm process technology
    • 4 physical cores
    • Hyper-Threading is included
    • Intel Turbo Boost Technology
    • Variants
      • 940XM Extreme Edition – 2.13 GHz/3.33 GHz Turbo Boost (8 MB L3, TDP 55W)
      • 920XM Extreme Edition – 2.00 GHz/3.20 GHz Turbo Boost (8 MB L3, TDP 55W)
      • 840QM – 1.86 GHz/3.20 GHz Turbo Boost (8 MB L3, TDP 45W)
      • 820QM – 1.73 GHz/3.06 GHz Turbo Boost (8 MB L3, TDP 45W)
      • 740QM – 1.73 GHz/2.93 GHz Turbo Boost (6 MB L3, TDP 45W)
      • 720QM – 1.60 GHz/2.80 GHz Turbo Boost (6 MB L3, TDP 45W)

Xeon

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Gainestown – 45 nm process technology
    • Same processor dies as Bloomfield
    • 256 KB L2 cache
    • 8 MB L3 cache, 4MB may be disabled
    • QuickPath up to 6.4GT/s
    • Hyper-Threading is included in some models
    • 781 million transistors
    • Introduced March 29, 2009
    • Variants
      • W5590, W5580, X5570, X5560, X5550, E5540, E5530, L5530, E5520, L5520, L5518 – 4 cores, 8 MB L3 cache, HT
      • E5506, L5506, E5504 – 4 cores, 4 MB L3 cache, no HT
      • L5508, E5502, E5502 – 2 cores, 4 MB L3 cache, no HT

64-bit processors: Intel 64 – Sandy Bridge / Ivy Bridge microarchitecture

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

Celeron

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Sandy Bridge – 32 nm process technology
    • 2 physical cores/2 threads (500 series), 1 physical core/1 thread (model G440) or 1 physical core/2 threads (models G460 & G465)
    • 2 MB L3 cache (500 series), 1 MB (model G440) or 1.5 MB (models G460 & G465)
    • Introduced 3rd quarter, 2011
    • Socket 1155 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3-1066
    • 400 series has max TDP of 35 W
    • 500-series variants ending in 'T' have a peak TDP of 35 W, others – 65 W
    • Integrated GPU
      • All variants have peak GPU turbo frequencies of 1 GHz
      • Variants in the 400 series have GPUs running at a base frequency of 650 MHz
      • Variants in the 500 series ending in 'T' have GPUs running at a base frequency of 650 MHz; others at 850 MHz
      • All variants have 6 GPU execution units
    • Variants
      • G440 – 1.6 GHz
      • G460 – 1.8 GHz
      • G465 – 1.9 GHz
      • G530T – 2.0 GHz
      • G540T – 2.1 GHz
      • G550T – 2.2 GHz
      • G530 – 2.4 GHz
      • G540 – 2.5 GHz
      • G550 – 2.6 GHz
      • G555 – 2.7 GHz

Pentium

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Sandy Bridge – 32 nm process technology
    • 2 physical cores/2 threads
    • 3 MB L3 cache
    • 624 million transistors
    • Introduced May, 2011
    • Socket 1155 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3-1333 (800 series) or DDR3-1066 (600 series)
    • Variants ending in 'T' have a peak TDP of 35 W, others 65 W
    • Integrated GPU (HD 2000)
      • All variants have peak GPU turbo frequencies of 1.1 GHz
      • Variants ending in 'T' have GPUs running at a base frequency of 650 MHz; others at 850 MHz
      • All variants have 6 GPU execution units
    • Variants
      • G620T – 2.2 GHz
      • G630T – 2.3 GHz
      • G640T – 2.4 GHz
      • G645T – 2.5 GHz
      • G860T – 2.6 GHz
      • G620 – 2.6 GHz
      • G622 – 2.6 GHz
      • G630 – 2.7 GHz
      • G632 – 2.7 GHz
      • G640 – 2.8 GHz
      • G840 – 2.8 GHz
      • G645 – 2.9 GHz
      • G850 – 2.9 GHz
      • G860 – 3.0 GHz
      • G870 – 3.1 GHz
  • Ivy Bridge – 22 nm Tri-gate transistor process technology
    • 2 physical cores/2 threads
    • 32+32 Kb (per core) L1 cache
    • 256 Kb (per core) L2 cache
    • 3 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced September, 2012
    • Socket 1155 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3-1333 for G2000 series
    • 2-channel DDR3-1600 for G2100 series
    • All variants have GPU base frequencies of 650 MHz and peak GPU turbo frequencies of 1.05 GHz
    • Variants ending in 'T' have a peak TDP of 35 W, others – TDP of 55 W
    • Variants
      • G2020T – 2.5 GHz
      • G2030T – 2.6 GHz
      • G2100T – 2.6 GHz
      • G2120T – 2.7 GHz
      • G2020 – 2.9 GHz
      • G2030 – 3.0 GHz
      • G2120 – 3.1 GHz
      • G2130 – 3.2 GHz
      • G2140 – 3.3 GHz

Core i3

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Sandy Bridge – 32 nm process technology
    • 2 physical cores/4 threads
    • 32+32 Kb (per core) L1 cache
    • 256 Kb (per core) L2 cache
    • 3 MB L3 cache
    • 624 million transistors
    • Introduced January, 2011
    • Socket 1155 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3-1333
    • Variants ending in 'T' have a peak TDP of 35 W, others 65 W
    • Integrated GPU
      • All variants have peak GPU turbo frequencies of 1.1 GHz
      • Variants ending in 'T' have GPUs running at a base frequency of 650 MHz; others at 850 MHz
      • Variants ending in '5' have Intel HD Graphics 3000 (12 execution units); others have Intel HD Graphics 2000 (6 execution units)
    • Variants
      • i3-2100T – 2.5 GHz
      • i3-2120T – 2.6 GHz
      • i3-2100 – 3.1 GHz
      • i3-2102 – 3.1 GHz
      • i3-2105 – 3.1 GHz
      • i3-2120 – 3.3 GHz
      • i3-2125 – 3.3 GHz
      • i3-2130 – 3.4 GHz
  • Ivy Bridge – 22 nm Tri-gate transistor process technology
    • 2 physical cores/4 threads
    • 32+32 Kb (per core) L1 cache
    • 256 Kb (per core) L2 cache
    • 3 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced September, 2012
    • Socket 1155 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3-1600
    • Variants ending in '5' have Intel HD Graphics 4000; others have Intel HD Graphics 2500
    • All variants have GPU base frequencies of 650 MHz and peak GPU turbo frequencies of 1.05 GHz
    • TDP 55 W
    • Variants
      • i3-3220T – 2.8 GHz
      • i3-3240T – 2.9 GHz
      • i3-3220 – 3.3 GHz
      • i3-3225 – 3.3 GHz
      • i3-3240 – 3.4 GHz

Core i5

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Sandy Bridge – 32 nm process technology
    • 4 physical cores/4 threads (except for i5-2390T which has 2 physical cores/4 threads)
    • 32+32 Kb (per core) L1 cache
    • 256 Kb (per core) L2 cache
    • 6 MB L3 cache (except for i5-2390T which has 3 MB)
    • 995 million transistors
    • Introduced January, 2011
    • Socket 1155 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3-1333
    • Variants ending in 'S' have a peak TDP of 65 W, others – 95 W except where noted
    • Variants ending in 'K' have unlocked multipliers; others cannot be overclocked
    • Integrated GPU
      • i5-2500T has a peak GPU turbo frequency of 1.25 GHz, others 1.1 GHz
      • Variants ending in 'T' have GPUs running at a base frequency of 650 MHz; others at 850 MHz
      • Variants ending in '5' or 'K' have Intel HD Graphics 3000 (12 execution units), except i5-2550K which has no GPU; others have Intel HD Graphics 2000 (6 execution units)
      • Variants ending in 'P' and the i5-2550K have no GPU
    • Variants
      • i5-2390T – 2.7 GHz/3.5 GHz Turbo Boost (35 W max TDP)
      • i5-2500T – 2.3 GHz/3.3 GHz Turbo Boost (45 W max TDP)
      • i5-2400S – 2.5 GHz/3.3 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2405S – 2.5 GHz/3.3 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2500S – 2.7 GHz/3.7 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2300 – 2.8 GHz/3.1 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2310 – 2.9 GHz/3.2 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2320 – 3.0 GHz/3.3 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2380P – 3.1 GHz/3.4 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2400 – 3.1 GHz/3.4 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2450P – 3.2 GHz/3.5 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2500 – 3.3 GHz/3.7 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2500K – 3.3 GHz/3.7 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i5-2550K – 3.4 GHz/3.8 GHz Turbo Boost
  • Ivy Bridge – 22 nm Tri-gate transistor process technology
    • 4 physical cores/4 threads (except for i5-3470T which has 2 physical cores/4 threads)
    • 32+32 Kb (per core) L1 cache
    • 256 Kb (per core) L2 cache
    • 6 MB L3 cache (except for i5-3470T which has 3 MB)
    • Introduced April, 2012
    • Socket 1155 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3-1600
    • Variants ending in 'S' have a peak TDP of 65 W, Variants ending in 'T' have a peak TDP of 35 or 45 W (see variants), others – 77 W except where noted
    • Variants ending in 'K' have unlocked multipliers; others cannot be overclocked
    • Variants ending in 'P' have no integrated GPU; others have Intel HD Graphics 2500 or Intel HD Graphics 4000 (i5-3475S and i5-3570K only)
    • Variants
      • i5-3470T – 2.9 GHz/3.6 GHz max Turbo Boost (35 W TDP)
      • i5-3570T – 2.3 GHz/3.3 GHz max Turbo Boost (45 W TDP)
      • i5-3330S – 2.7 GHz/3.2 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3450S – 2.8 GHz/3.5 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3470S – 2.9 GHz/3.6 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3475S – 2.9 GHz/3.6 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3550S – 3.0 GHz/3.7 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3570S – 3.1 GHz/3.8 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3330 – 3.0 GHz/3.2 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3350P – 3.1 GHz/3.3 GHz max Turbo Boost (69 W TDP)
      • i5-3450 – 3.1 GHz/3.5 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3470 – 3.2 GHz/3.6 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3550 – 3.3 GHz/3.7 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3570 – 3.4 GHz/3.8 GHz max Turbo Boost
      • i5-3570K – 3.4 GHz/3.8 GHz max Turbo Boost

Core i7

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  • Sandy Bridge – 32 nm process technology
    • 4 physical cores/8 threads
    • 32+32 Kb (per core) L1 cache
    • 256 Kb (per core) L2 cache
    • 8 MB L3 cache
    • 995 million transistors
    • Introduced January, 2011
    • Socket 1155 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3-1333
    • Variants ending in 'S' have a peak TDP of 65 W, others – 95 W
    • Variants ending in 'K' have unlocked multipliers; others cannot be overclocked
    • Integrated GPU
      • All variants have base GPU frequencies of 850 MHz and peak GPU turbo frequencies of 1.35 GHz
      • Variants ending in 'K' have Intel HD Graphics 3000 (12 execution units); others have Intel HD Graphics 2000 (6 execution units)
    • Variants
      • i7-2600S – 2.8 GHz/3.8 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i7-2600 – 3.4 GHz/3.8 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i7-2600K – 3.4 GHz/3.8 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i7-2700K – 3.5 GHz/3.9 GHz Turbo Boost
  • Sandy Bridge-E – 32 nm process technology
    • Up to 8 physical cores/16 threads depending on model number
    • 32+32 Kb (per core) L1 cache
    • 256 Kb (per core) L2 cache
    • Up to 20 MB L3 cache depending on model number
    • 2270 million transistors
    • Introduced November, 2011
    • Socket 2011 LGA
    • 4-channel DDR3-1600
    • All variants have a peak TDP of 130 W
    • No integrated GPU
    • Variants
      • i7-3820 – 3.6 GHz/3.8 GHz Turbo Boost, 4 cores, 10 MB L3 cache
      • i7-3930K – 3.2 GHz/3.8 GHz Turbo Boost, 6 cores, 12 MB L3 cache
      • i7-3960X – 3.3 GHz/3.9 GHz Turbo Boost, 6 cores, 15 MB L3 cache
      • i7-3970X – 3.5 GHz/4.0 GHz Turbo Boost, 6 cores, 15 MB L3 cache
  • Ivy Bridge – 22 nm Tri-gate transistor process technology
    • 4 physical cores/8 threads
    • 32+32 Kb (per core) L1 cache
    • 256 Kb (per core) L2 cache
    • 8 MB L3 cache
    • Introduced April, 2012
    • Socket 1155 LGA
    • 2-channel DDR3-1600
    • Variants ending in 'S' have a peak TDP of 65 W, variants ending in 'T' have a peak TDP of 45 W, others – 77 W
    • Variants ending in 'K' have unlocked multipliers; others cannot be overclocked
    • Integrated GPU Intel HD Graphics 4000
    • Variants
      • i7-3770T – 2.5 GHz/3.7 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i7-3770S – 3.1 GHz/3.9 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i7-3770 – 3.4 GHz/3.9 GHz Turbo Boost
      • i7-3770K – 3.5 GHz/3.9 GHz Turbo Boost

64-bit processors: Intel 64 – Haswell microarchitecture

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

Intel 805xx product codes

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

Intel discontinued the use of part numbers such as 80486 in the marketing of mainstream x86-architecture microprocessors with the introduction of the Pentium brand in 1993. However, numerical codes, in the 805xx range, continued to be assigned to these processors for internal and part numbering uses. The following is a list of such product codes in numerical order:

Product code Marketing name(s) Codename(s)
80500 Pentium P5 (A-step)
80501 Pentium P5
80502 Pentium P54C, P54CS
80503 Pentium with MMX Technology P55C, Tillamook
80521 Pentium Pro P6
80522 Pentium II Klamath
80523 Pentium II, Celeron, Pentium II Xeon Deschutes, Covington, Drake
80524 Pentium II, Celeron Dixon, Mendocino
80525 Pentium III, Pentium III Xeon Katmai, Tanner
80526 Pentium III, Celeron, Pentium III Xeon Coppermine, Cascades
80528 Pentium 4, Xeon Willamette (Socket 423), Foster
80529 canceled Timna
80530 Pentium III, Celeron Tualatin
80531 Pentium 4, Celeron Willamette (Socket 478)
80532 Pentium 4, Celeron, Xeon Northwood, Prestonia, Gallatin
80533 Pentium III Coppermine (cD0-step)
80534 Pentium 4 SFF Northwood (small form factor)
80535 Pentium M, Celeron M 310–340 Banias
80536 Pentium M, Celeron M 350–390 Dothan
80537 Core 2 Duo T5xxx, T7xxx, Celeron M 5xx Merom
80538 Core Solo, Celeron M 4xx Yonah
80539 Core Duo, Pentium Dual-core T-series Yonah
80541 Itanium Merced
80542 Itanium 2 McKinley
80543 Itanium 2 Madison
80546 Pentium 4, Celeron D, Xeon Prescott (Socket 478), Nocona, Irwindale, Cranford, Potomac
80547 Pentium 4, Celeron D Prescott (LGA 775)
80548 canceled Tejas and Jayhawk
80549 Itanium 2 90xx Montecito
80550 Dual-core Xeon 71xx Tulsa
80551 Pentium D, Pentium EE, Dual-core Xeon Smithfield, Paxville DP
80552 Pentium 4, Celeron D Cedar Mill
80553 Pentium D, Pentium EE Presler
80554 Celeron 800/900/1000 ULV Shelton
80555 Dual-core Xeon 50xx Dempsey
80556 Dual-core Xeon 51xx Woodcrest
80557 Core 2 Duo E4xxx. E6xxx, Dual-core Xeon 30xx, Pentium Dual-core E2xxx Conroe
80560 Dual-core Xeon 70xx Paxville MP
80562 Core 2 Quad, Core 2 Extreme QX6xxx, Quad-core Xeon 32xx Kentsfield
80563 Quad-core Xeon 53xx Clovertown
80564 Xeon 7200 Tigerton-DC
80565 Xeon 7300 Tigerton
80566 Atom Z5xx Silverthorne
80567 Itanium 91xx Montvale
80569 Core 2 Quad Q9xxx, Core 2 Extreme QX9xxx, Xeon 33xx Yorkfield
80570 Core 2 Duo E8xxx, Xeon 31xx Wolfdale
80571 Core 2 Duo E7xxx, Pentium Dual-core E5xxx, Pentium Dual-core E2210 Wolfdale-3M
80573 Xeon 5200 Wolfdale-DP
80574 Core 2 Extreme QX9775, Xeon 5400 Harpertown
80576 Core 2 Duo P7xxx, T8xxx, P8xxx, T9xxx, P9xxx, SL9xxx, SP9xxx, Core 2 Extreme X9xxx Penryn
80577 Core 2 Duo P7xxx, P8xxx, SU9xxx, T6xxx, T8xxx Penryn-3M
80578 EP80578 Vermilion Range
80579 EP80579 Tolapai
80580 Core 2 Quad Q8xxx, Q9xxx, Xeon 33xx Yorkfield-6M
80581 Core 2 Quad Q9xxx Penryn-QC
80582 Xeon 74xx Dunnington
80583 Xeon 74xx Dunnington-QC
80584 Xeon X33x3 LV Yorkfield CL
80585 Core 2 Solo SU3xxx, Celeron 7xx, 9xx Penryn-L
80586 Atom 2xx, N2xx Diamondville
80587 Atom 3xx Diamondville DC
80588 Xeon L3014, E3113 Wolfdale-CL

Intel 806xx product codes

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
Product code Marketing name(s) Codename(s)
80601 Core i7, Xeon 35xx Bloomfield
80602 Xeon 55xx Gainestown
80603 Itanium 93xx Tukwila
80604 Xeon 65xx, Xeon 75xx Beckton
80605 Core i5-7xx, Core i7-8xx, Xeon 34xx Lynnfield
80606 canceled Havendale
80607 Core i7-7xx QM, Core i7-8xx QM, Core i7-9xx XM Clarksfield
80608 canceled Auburndale
80609 Atom Z6xx Lincroft
80610 Atom N400, D400, D500 Pineview
80611 canceled Larrabee
80612 Xeon C35xx, Xeon C55xx Jasper Forest
80613 Core i7-9xxX, Xeon 36xx Gulftown
80614 Xeon 56xx Westmere-EP
80615 Xeon E7-28xx, Xeon E7-48xx, Xeon E7-88xx Westmere-EX
80616 Pentium G6xxx, Core i3-5xx, Core i5-6xx Clarkdale
80617 Core i5-5xx, Core i7-6xxM/UM/LM Arrandale
80618 Atom E6x0 Tunnel Creek
80619 Core i7-3xxx Sandy Bridge-EP
80620 Xeon E5-24xx Sandy Bridge-EP-8, Sandy Bridge-EP-4
80621 Xeon E5-16xx, Xeon E5-26xx, Xeon E5-46xx Sandy Bridge-EP-8, Sandy Bridge-EP-4
80622 Sandy Bridge-EP-8
80623 Xeon E3-xxxx, Core i3/i5/i7-2xxx, Pentium Gxxx, Xeon E3-12xx Sandy Bridge-HE-4, Sandy Bridge-M-2
80627 Core i3/i5/i7-2xxxM, Pentium Bxxx, Celeron Bxxx Sandy Bridge-HE-4, Sandy Bridge-H-2, Sandy Bridge-M-2
80631 Itanium 95xx Poulson
80632 Atom E6x5C Stellarton
80637 Core i5/i7-3xxx, Xeon-E3 Ivy Bridge
80638 Mobile Core i5/i7-3xxxM Ivy Bridge
80640 Atom Z24xx Penwell
80641 Atom D2xxx, Atom N2xxx Cedarview
80647 Core i5/i7 - 4xxx Haswell
80649 Xeon Phi Knight's Corner
80650 Atom Z27xx Cloverview

See also

ସମ୍ପାଦନା

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References

ସମ୍ପାଦନା
  1. ↑ The 4004's original goal was to equal the clock rate of the IBM 1620 Model I (1 MHz); this was not quite met.
  2. ↑ http://www.depi.itch.edu.mx/apacheco/asm/Intel_cpus.htm
  3. ↑ ୩.୦ ୩.୧ ୩.୨ "Intel Microprocessor Quick Reference Guide – Product Family". Retrieved 2010-01-08.
  4. ↑ ୪.୦ ୪.୧ ୪.୨ Intel IAPX 86,88 User's Manual, August 1981, Intel order number 210201-001
  5. ↑ Intel Processor Spec Finder for Celeron M Archived ୨୨ ଜାନୁଆରୀ ୨୦୧୧ at WebCite
  6. ↑ Not listed as an official model by Intel but used by Apple in their Intel-based Mac Mini, released March 2006 [dead link]
  7. ↑ "Intel Pentium Processor G6950 (3M Cache, 2.80 GHz) with SPEC Code(s) SLBMS". Ark.intel.com. 2010-07-13. Archived from the original on 2011-01-22. Retrieved 2010-07-29.
ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଛାଞ୍ଚ:Intel processors

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