ଜୋଲପିଡେମ

ଜୋଲପିଡେମ
Clinical data
Trade names	ଆମ୍ବିଏନ, ଅନ୍ୟାନ୍ୟ others
Synonyms	Zolpidem tartrate
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
MedlinePlus	a693025
Pregnancy; category	AU: B3 ; US: C (Risk not ruled out) ; ;
Dependence; liability	High
Routes of; administration	By mouth (tablet), sublingual, oromucosal (spray), rectal
Drug class	Imidazopyridine, hypnotic
ATC code	N05CF02 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only) ; CA: Schedule IV ; DE: Rx-only/Anlage III ; UK: Class C ; US: Schedule IV ; UN: Psychotropic Schedule IV ; ℞ (Prescription only);
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	70% (by mouth)
Protein binding	92%
Metabolism	Liver through CYP3A4
Metabolites	(ZCA) zolpidem 6-carboxylic acid; (ZPCA) zolpidem phenyl-4-carboxylic acid
Elimination half-life	2.5–3 hours
Duration of action	3 hours
Excretion	Kidney (56%); fecal (34%)
Identifiers
	IUPAC name N,N-Dimethyl-2-[6-methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl]acetamide hemitartrate;
CAS Number	82626-48-0 ;
PubChem CID	5732;
IUPHAR/BPS	4362;
DrugBank	DB00425 ;
ChemSpider	5530 ;
UNII	7K383OQI23;
KEGG	D08690 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:10125 ;
ChEMBL	CHEMBL911 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.115.604
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C19H21N3O
Molar mass	307.395 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES CN(C)C(=O)Cc1c(nc2ccc(C)cn12)c3ccc(C)cc3;
	InChI InChI=1S/C19H21N3O/c1-13-5-8-15(9-6-13)19-16(11-18(23)21(3)4)22-12-14(2)7-10-17(22)20-19/h5-10,12H,11H2,1-4H3 ; Key:ZAFYATHCZYHLPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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ଜୋଲପିଡେମ (ଇଂରାଜୀ ଭାଷାରେ Zolpidem, ଏକ ବ୍ୟବସାୟୀକ ନାମ ଆମ୍ବିଏନ/ Ambien) ଏକ ଔଷଧର ନାମ ଯାହା ଅନିଦ୍ରା (sleeping problems) ସମସ୍ୟାର ଉପଶମ ନିମନ୍ତେ ଦିଆଯାଏ ।^[୩] ମାର୍ଗଦର୍ଶକ ସୁପାରିସ ଅନୁସାରେ ପରାମର୍ଶ (counseling|) ଓ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାରିକ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ ନେବାପରେ ଫଳପ୍ରଦ ନହେଲେ ଏହି ଔଷଧ ଦିଆଯାଏ । ^[୪]^[୫] ନିଦ୍ରା ଆରମ୍ଭ ହେବା ସମୟ (sleep onset) ଏହାଦ୍ୱାରା କମିଯାଏ ଓ ଅଧିକ ମାତ୍ରା ଦେଲେ ଅଧିକ ସମୟ ନିଦ ହୁଏ ।^[୨] ବଟିକା, ଜିଭତଳ ବଟିକା ଓ ସ୍ପ୍ରେ ଆକାରରେ ଏହା ପାଟିରେ ଦିଆଯାଏ (by mouth) । ^[୩]

ସାଧାରଣ ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟାରେ ଦିନରେ ନିଦଲାଗେ, ମୁଣ୍ଡ ବିନ୍ଧା, ଅଇ ଓ ତରଳ ଝାଡ଼ା ହୋଇପାରେ ।^[୩] ଅନ୍ୟାନ୍ୟ ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟାରେ ସ୍ମରଣ ଶକ୍ତିର ସମସ୍ୟା, ହାଲ୍ୟୁସିନେସନ (hallucinations) ଓ ମାଦକ ସମସ୍ୟା (abuse) ହୋଇପାରେ ।^[୨] ସନ ୨୦୧୩ରେ ଔଷଧ ଯୋଗୁ ପରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ସକାଳ ଅସୁବିଧା ହେଉଥିବା ଲକ୍ଷ କରି ଏହାର ମାତ୍ରା କମ କରିଦିଆଯାଇଥିଲା ।^[୬] ମାତ୍ରାଧିକ ଔଷଧ ନେଉଥିଲେ ବା ଦୀର୍ଘକାଳୀନ ଔଷଧ ନେଉଥିଲେ ପରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ସକାଳେ ଡ୍ରାଇଭ କରିବାକୁ ନିଷେଧ କରାଯାଏ ।^[୬] ଜୋଲପିଡେମ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟାକୁ ଫ୍ଲୁମାଜେନି (flumazenil) ଓଲଟେଇ ଦେଉଥିଲେ ମଧ୍ୟ ସାଧାରଣତଃ ସ‌ହାୟକ ଯତ୍ନରେ (supportive care) ଉପଶମ ହୋଇଯାଏ ।^[୭]

ଇମିଡାଜୋପାଇରିଡିନ (imidazopyridine) ଶ୍ରେଣୀର ଏହି ଜୋଲପିଡେମ ଓଷଧ ନନବେଞ୍ଜୋଡାଏଜେପିନ (nonbenzodiazepine) ଓ ହିପନୋଟିକ (hypnotic) ସମ୍ପର୍କୀୟ ଅଟେ ।^[୩] ଜୋଲପିଡେମ ଏକ ଟାଇପ ୧ ଗାବା ରିସେପ୍ଟର ଆଗୋନିସ୍ଟ (GABA receptor agonist) ଔଷଧ ।^[୩] ଏହା ଗାବା ରିସେପ୍ଟର (GABA_A receptors) ସ‌ହିତ ଅନୁବନ୍ଧିତ ହୋଇ ଗାବା ପ୍ରଭାବକୁ ବୃଦ୍ଧି କରି କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ଷମ ହୁଏ ।^[୩] ଏହାର ହାଫ ଲାଇଫ (half-life) ୨-୩ ଘଣ୍ଟ ।^[୩] ଯକୃତ ସମସ୍ୟା (liver problems) ଥିଲେ ଏହି ପ୍ରଭାବ ଅଧିକ ହୁଏ ।^[୩]

ସନ୧୯୯୨ରେ ଜୋଲପିଡେମ ଡାକ୍ତରୀ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର ନିମନ୍ତେ ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ର ଆମେରିକାରେ ସ୍ୱୀକୃତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।^[୩] ସନ ୨୦୦୭ରୁ ଏହା ଏହା ଜେନେରିକ ଔଷଧ ନାମରେ (generic medication) ମିଳୁଛି ।^[୮] ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ର ଆମେରିକାରେ ସନ ୨୦୧୭ରେ ଏହାର ମାସିକ ମୂଲ୍ୟ ପ୍ରାୟ ୮ ଆମେରିକୀୟ ଡଲାର ଓ ନିୟନ୍ତ୍ରିତ ନିର୍ଗମନ ଔଷଧର ମୂଲ୍ୟ ୬୬ ଆମେରିକୀୟ ଡଲାର ।^[୨] ଏହା କଣ୍ଟ୍ରୋଲଡ ସବସ୍ଟାନ୍ସ ଆକ୍ଟ ଅଫ ୧୯୭୦ର (Controlled Substances Act of 1970/ CSA) ସିଡ୍ୟୁଲ ୪ର (Schedule IV) ଅନ୍ତର୍ଭୁକ୍ତ ନିୟନ୍ତ୍ରିତ ପଦାର୍ଥ ।^[୨] ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ର ଆମେରିକାରେ ନିଦ୍ରା ସମସ୍ୟା ନିମନ୍ତେ ଏକ ସାଧାରଣ ପ୍ରେସକ୍ରିପସନ ଯାହା ବର୍ଷକୁ ୧୦ ନିୟୁତ ଦିଆଯାଏ ।^[୯]^[୧୦]

ଆଧାର

↑ "International brands for zolpidem". Drugs.com. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
↑ ^୨.୦ ^୨.୧ ^୨.୨ ^୨.୩ ^୨.୪ Matheson E, Hainer BL (July 2017). "Insomnia: Pharmacologic Therapy". American Family Physician. 96 (1): 29–35. PMID 28671376.
↑ ^୩.୦୦ ^୩.୦୧ ^୩.୦୨ ^୩.୦୩ ^୩.୦୪ ^୩.୦୫ ^୩.୦୬ ^୩.୦୭ ^୩.୦୮ ^୩.୦୯ "Zolpidem Tartrate". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
↑ Qaseem A, Kansagara D, Forciea MA, Cooke M, Denberg TD (July 2016). "Management of Chronic Insomnia Disorder in Adults: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American College of Physicians". Annals of Internal Medicine. 165 (2): 125–33. doi:10.7326/M15-2175. PMID 27136449.
↑ "Prescribing information: Ambien (zolpidem tartrate) tablets, for oral use" (PDF). US Food and Drug Administration. August 2016. Retrieved 2016-09-30. See FDA label index page for updates
↑ ^୬.୦ ^୬.୧ "Drug Safety and Availability - FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA approves new label changes and dosing for zolpidem products and a recommendation to avoid driving the day after using Ambien CR". www.fda.gov (in ଇଂରାଜୀ).
↑ Gunja N (June 2013). "The clinical and forensic toxicology of Z-drugs". Journal of Medical Toxicology. 9 (2): 155–62. doi:10.1007/s13181-013-0292-0. PMC 3657020. PMID 23404347.
↑ "FDA Approves First Generic Versions of Ambien (Zolpidem Tartrate) for the Treatment of Insomnia". Retrieved 2010-01-24.
↑ "Zolpidem". LiverTox. Archived from the original on 16 March 2018. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
↑ "Consumer Updates - Some Sleep Drugs Can Impair Driving". www.fda.gov (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). 13 June 2013. Retrieved 15 March 2018.

ବାହ୍ୟ ଲିଙ୍କ

ଉଇକିମିଡ଼ିଆ କମନ୍ସରେ Zolpidem-ସମ୍ପର୍କିତ ମିଡ଼ିଆ

[genericnames-1] "International brands for zolpidem". Drugs.com. Retrieved 15 March 2018.

[AFP2017-2] ୨.୦ ^୨.୧ ^୨.୨ ^୨.୩ ^୨.୪ Matheson E, Hainer BL (July 2017). "Insomnia: Pharmacologic Therapy". American Family Physician. 96 (1): 29–35. PMID 28671376.

[AHFS2018-3] ୩.୦୦ ^୩.୦୧ ^୩.୦୨ ^୩.୦୩ ^୩.୦୪ ^୩.୦୫ ^୩.୦୬ ^୩.୦୭ ^୩.୦୮ ^୩.୦୯ "Zolpidem Tartrate". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 15 March 2018.

[ACP2016-4] Qaseem A, Kansagara D, Forciea MA, Cooke M, Denberg TD (July 2016). "Management of Chronic Insomnia Disorder in Adults: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American College of Physicians". Annals of Internal Medicine. 165 (2): 125–33. doi:10.7326/M15-2175. PMID 27136449.

[USlabel-5] "Prescribing information: Ambien (zolpidem tartrate) tablets, for oral use" (PDF). US Food and Drug Administration. August 2016. Retrieved 2016-09-30. See FDA label index page for updates

[FDA2013-6] ୬.୦ ^୬.୧ "Drug Safety and Availability - FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA approves new label changes and dosing for zolpidem products and a recommendation to avoid driving the day after using Ambien CR". www.fda.gov (in ଇଂରାଜୀ).

[Forensic2013-7] Gunja N (June 2013). "The clinical and forensic toxicology of Z-drugs". Journal of Medical Toxicology. 9 (2): 155–62. doi:10.1007/s13181-013-0292-0. PMC 3657020. PMID 23404347.

[1stgeneric-8] "FDA Approves First Generic Versions of Ambien (Zolpidem Tartrate) for the Treatment of Insomnia". Retrieved 2010-01-24.

[9] "Zolpidem". LiverTox. Archived from the original on 16 March 2018. Retrieved 15 March 2018.

[10] "Consumer Updates - Some Sleep Drugs Can Impair Driving". www.fda.gov (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). 13 June 2013. Retrieved 15 March 2018.

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[୪]

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Clinical data


Trade names	ଆମ୍ବିଏନ, ଅନ୍ୟାନ୍ୟ others^[୧]
Synonyms	Zolpidem tartrate
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
MedlinePlus	a693025
Pregnancy category	AU: B3 US: C (Risk not ruled out)
Dependence liability	High
Routes of administration	By mouth (tablet), sublingual, oromucosal (spray), rectal
Drug class	Imidazopyridine, hypnotic
ATC code	N05CF02 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only) CA: Schedule IV DE: Rx-only/Anlage III UK: Class C US: Schedule IV^[୨] UN: Psychotropic Schedule IV ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	70% (by mouth)
Protein binding	92%
Metabolism	Liver through CYP3A4
Metabolites	(ZCA) zolpidem 6-carboxylic acid; (ZPCA) zolpidem phenyl-4-carboxylic acid
Elimination half-life	2.5–3 hours^[୩]
Duration of action	3 hours
Excretion	Kidney (56%) fecal (34%)
Identifiers
IUPAC name N,N-Dimethyl-2-[6-methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl]acetamide hemitartrate
CAS Number	82626-48-0^Y
PubChem CID	5732
IUPHAR/BPS	4362
DrugBank	DB00425^N
ChemSpider	5530^Y
UNII	7K383OQI23
KEGG	D08690^Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:10125^N
ChEMBL	CHEMBL911^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.115.604
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C₁₉H₂₁N₃O
Molar mass	307.395 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES CN(C)C(=O)Cc1c(nc2ccc(C)cn12)c3ccc(C)cc3
InChI InChI=1S/C19H21N3O/c1-13-5-8-15(9-6-13)19-16(11-18(23)21(3)4)22-12-14(2)7-10-17(22)20-19/h5-10,12H,11H2,1-4H3^Y Key:ZAFYATHCZYHLPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N^Y
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