ଡାଇଫେନହାଇଡ୍ରାମିନ

ଡାଇଫେନହାଇଡ୍ରାମିନ
Clinical data
Pronunciation	/ˌdaɪfɛnˈhaɪdrəmiːn/
Trade names	ବ୍ୟବସାୟିକ ନାମ - ବେନାଡ୍ରିଲ (Benadryl), ୟୁନିସୋମ (Unisom), ସୋମିନେକ୍ସ (Sominex) ଓ ଅନ୍ୟାନ୍ୟ ।
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
MedlinePlus	a682539
Pregnancy; category	AU: A ; US: B (No risk in non-human studies) ; ;
Dependence; liability	Very low
Routes of; administration	By mouth, IM, IV, topical and rectal
ATC code	D04AA32 (WHO) D04AA33, R06AA02;
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S2 (Pharmacy only) ; US: Over-the-counter ;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	40–60%
Protein binding	98–99%
Metabolism	Various cytochrome P450 liver enzymes: CYP2D6 (80%), 3A4 (10%)
Elimination half-life	7 hours (children); 12 hours (adults); 17 hours (elderly)
Excretion	94% through the urine, 6% through feces
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 2-(diphenylmethoxy)-N,N-dimethylethanamine;
CAS Number	58-73-1 ;
PubChem CID	3100;
IUPHAR/BPS	1224;
DrugBank	DB01075 ;
ChemSpider	2989 ;
UNII	8GTS82S83M;
KEGG	D00669 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:4636 ;
ChEMBL	CHEMBL657 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.360
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C17H21NO
Molar mass	255.355 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES O(CCN(C)C)C(c1ccccc1)c2ccccc2;
	InChI InChI=1S/C17H21NO/c1-18(2)13-14-19-17(15-9-5-3-6-10-15)16-11-7-4-8-12-16/h3-12,17H,13-14H2,1-2H3 ; Key:ZZVUWRFHKOJYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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ଡାଇଫେନହାଇଡ୍ରାମିନ (ଇଂରାଜୀ ଭାଷାରେ Diphenhydramine) ଏକ ପ୍ରକାର ଆଣ୍ଟିହିସ୍ଟାମିନ (antihistamine) ଯାହା ଆଲର୍ଜି (allergies) ରୋଗର ଚିକିତ୍ସାରେ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହୃତ ହୁଏ ।^[୫] ନିଦ୍ରାହୀନତା, ଶର୍ଦ୍ଦି ଲକ୍ଷଣର ଉପଶମ, ପାର୍କିନସୋନିଜ୍ମର (parkinsonism) କମ୍ପନ, ଓ ଅଇ (nausea) ଇତ୍ୟଦି ଲକ୍ଷଣମାନଙ୍କ ଚିକିତ୍ସା ନିମନ୍ତେ ମଧ୍ୟ ଦିଆଯାଏ ।^[୫] ଏହା ପାଟିରେ ଦିଆଯାଏ, ପେଶୀରେ (injection into a muscle) ଓ ଶିରାଭ୍ୟନ୍ତରରେ (injection into a vein) ମଧ୍ୟ ଇଞ୍ଜେକସନ ଆକାରରେ ଦିଆଯାଏ ।^[୫] ଔଷଧ ଦେବାର ୨ ଘଣ୍ଟା ପରେ ଏହାର ସର୍ବାଧିକ ପ୍ରଭାବ ଅନୁଭୁତ ହୁଏ ଓ ପ୍ରାୟ ୭ ଘଣ୍ଟା ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ରହେ । ^[୫]

ସାଧାରଣ ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟା ମଧ୍ୟରେ ନିଦ୍ରାଳୁତା, ପାକସ୍ଥଳୀ ଗୋଳମାଳ ଓ ଶରୀର ସମନ୍ୱୟ (coordination) ଅଭାବ ଦେଖାଯାଏ ।^[୫] ଶିଶୁମାନଙ୍କୁ ଏହା ଦିଆଯାଏ ନାହିଁ ।^[୫] ଗର୍ଭାବସ୍ଥାରେ ଦେଲେ ଏହାର କୌଣସି ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ ସଙ୍କଟ ଦେଖାଯାଇନାହିଁ, କିନ୍ତୁ ସ୍ତନ୍ୟପାନ ସମୟରେ ଦିଆଯାଏନାହିଁ । ^[୬] ଏହା ଏକ ପ୍ରଥମ ପିଢ଼ୀର ଏଚ୧ ଆଣ୍ଟିହିସ୍ଟାମିନ (first generation H1-antihistamine) ଓ ହିସ୍ଟାମିନର (histamine) ପ୍ରଭାବକୁ ଅବରୋଧ କରି କାମ କରେ । ^[୫]

ଜର୍ଜ ରିଭେସଙ୍କଦ୍ୱାରା (George Rieveschl) ଏହା ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ କରାଯାଇଥିଲା ଓ ସନ ୧୯୪୬ରେ ବ୍ୟବସାୟିକ ଭିତ୍ତିରେ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର କରାଯାଇଥିଲା ।^[୭]^[୮] ଏହା ଜେନେରିକ ଔଷଧ ନାମରେ ଉପଲବ୍‌ଧ ହୁଏ ।^[୫] ସନ ୨୦୧୪ରେ ଏହାର ହୋଲସେଲ ମୂଲ୍ୟ ଏକ ଡୋଜ ପିଛା ୦.୦୧ ଆମେରିକୀୟ ଡଲାର ଥଲା ।^[୯] ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ର ଆମେରିକାରେ ଏକ ମାସର ଏହି ଔଷଧ ଖର୍ଚ୍ଚ ପ୍ରାୟ ୨୫ ଡଲାର ।^[୧୦] ଏହାର ଏନେକ ନାମ ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ଏକ ବେନାଡ୍ରିଲ ନାମରେ ଏହା ବିକ୍ରୟ ହୁଏ । ^[୫]

ଆଧାର

↑ "Showing Diphenhydramine (DB01075)". DrugBank. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
↑ Paton DM, Webster DR (1985). "Clinical pharmacokinetics of H1-receptor antagonists (the antihistamines)". Clin. Pharmacokinet. 10 (6): 477–97. doi:10.2165/00003088-198510060-00002. PMID 2866055.
↑ ^୩.୦ ^୩.୧ ^୩.୨ Simons KJ, Watson WT, Martin TJ, Chen XY, Simons FE (July 1990). "Diphenhydramine: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in elderly adults, young adults, and children". J. Clin. Pharmacol. 30 (7): 665–71. doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1990.tb01871.x. PMID 2391399.
↑ Garnett WR (February 1986). "Diphenhydramine". Am. Pharm. NS26 (2): 35–40. PMID 3962845.
↑ ^୫.୦ ^୫.୧ ^୫.୨ ^୫.୩ ^୫.୪ ^୫.୫ ^୫.୬ ^୫.୭ ^୫.୮ "Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. 6 September 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
↑ "Diphenhydramine Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings". Drugs.com. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
↑ Dörwald, Florencio Zaragoza (2013). Lead Optimization for Medicinal Chemists: Pharmacokinetic Properties of Functional Groups and Organic Compounds (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). John Wiley & Sons. p. 225. ISBN 9783527645657.
↑ "Benadryl". Ohio History Central. Archived from the original on 17 October 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
↑ "Diphenhydramine". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Retrieved 28 September 2016.^{[permanent dead link]}
↑ Hamilton, Richart (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 240. ISBN 9781284057560.

[1] "Showing Diphenhydramine (DB01075)". DrugBank. Retrieved 5 September 2009.

[pmid2866055-2] Paton DM, Webster DR (1985). "Clinical pharmacokinetics of H1-receptor antagonists (the antihistamines)". Clin. Pharmacokinet. 10 (6): 477–97. doi:10.2165/00003088-198510060-00002. PMID 2866055.

[pmid2391399-3] ୩.୦ ^୩.୧ ^୩.୨ Simons KJ, Watson WT, Martin TJ, Chen XY, Simons FE (July 1990). "Diphenhydramine: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in elderly adults, young adults, and children". J. Clin. Pharmacol. 30 (7): 665–71. doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1990.tb01871.x. PMID 2391399.

[pmid3962845-4] Garnett WR (February 1986). "Diphenhydramine". Am. Pharm. NS26 (2): 35–40. PMID 3962845.

[AHSP2016-5] ୫.୦ ^୫.୧ ^୫.୨ ^୫.୩ ^୫.୪ ^୫.୫ ^୫.୬ ^୫.୭ ^୫.୮ "Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. 6 September 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2016.

[6] "Diphenhydramine Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings". Drugs.com. Retrieved 28 September 2016.

[7] Dörwald, Florencio Zaragoza (2013). Lead Optimization for Medicinal Chemists: Pharmacokinetic Properties of Functional Groups and Organic Compounds (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). John Wiley & Sons. p. 225. ISBN 9783527645657.

[8] "Benadryl". Ohio History Central. Archived from the original on 17 October 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2016.

[9] "Diphenhydramine". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Retrieved 28 September 2016.^{[permanent dead link]}

[Ric2015-10] Hamilton, Richart (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 240. ISBN 9781284057560.

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