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"ସଂଗୀତ" ପୃଷ୍ଠାର ସଂସ୍କରଣ‌ଗୁଡ଼ିକ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ତଫାତ

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{{ଛୋଟ|Music}}
{{Infobox Performing Arts
| name = ସଙ୍ଗୀତ
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== ଏସିଆର ସଂସ୍କୃତି ==
<!--[[Indian classical music]] is one of the oldest musical traditions in the world.<ref>World Music: The Basics By Nidel Nidel, Richard O. Nidel (page 219)</ref> The [[Indus Valley civilization]] has sculptures that show dance<ref>World History: Societies of the Past By Charles Kahn (page 98)</ref> and old musical instruments, like the seven holed flute. Various types of stringed instruments and drums have been recovered from [[Harrappa]] and [[Mohenjo Daro]] by excavations carried out by Sir [[Mortimer Wheeler]].<ref>World History: Societies of the Past By Charles Kahn (page 11)</ref> The [[Rigveda]] has elements of present Indian music, with a musical notation to denote the metre and the mode of chanting.<ref>World Music: The Basics By Nidel Nidel, Richard O. Nidel (page 10)</ref> Indian classical music (marga) is monophonic, and based on a single melody line or [[raga]] rhythmically organized through [[Tala (music)|talas]]. Hindustani music was influenced by the Persian performance practices of the Afghan Mughals. Carnatic music popular in the southern states, is largely devotional; the majority of the songs are addressed to the Hindu deities. There are a lot of songs emphasising love and other social issues. -->
 
[[Asian music]] covers the music cultures of [[Arabic music|Arabia]], [[Central Asian music|Central Asia]], [[East Asian music|East Asia]], [[South Asian music|South Asia]], and [[Southeast Asian music|Southeast Asia]]. [[Chinese classical music]], the traditional art or court music of China, has a history stretching over around three thousand years. It has its own unique systems of musical notation, as well as musical tuning and pitch, musical instruments and styles or musical genres. Chinese music is pentatonic-diatonic, having a scale of twelve notes to an octave (5&nbsp;+&nbsp;7&nbsp;=&nbsp;12) as does European-influenced music. [[Persian traditional music|Persian music]] is the music of [[Iran|Persia]] and Persian language countries: ''musiqi'', the science and art of music, and ''muzik'', the sound and performance of music (Sakata 1983). See also: [[Music of Iran]], [[Music of Afghanistan]], [[Music of Tajikistan]], [[Music of Uzbekistan]]. -->
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== Composition ==
{{Main|Musical composition}}
[[File:Songbook by Davide Restivo.jpg|thumb|An old songbook showing a composition]]
"Composition" is often classed as the creation and recording of music via a medium by which others can interpret it (i.e., paper or sound). Many cultures use at least part of the concept of preconceiving musical material, or composition, as held in western [[classical music]]. Even when music is notated precisely, there are still many decisions that a performer has to make. The process of a performer deciding how to perform music that has been previously composed and notated is termed interpretation. Different performers' interpretations of the same music can vary widely. Composers and song writers who present their own music are interpreting, just as much as those who perform the music of others or folk music. The standard body of choices and techniques present at a given time and a given place is referred to as [[Historically informed performance|performance practice]], whereas interpretation is generally used to mean either individual choices of a performer, or an aspect of music that is not clear, and therefore has a "standard" interpretation.
 
In some musical genres, such as jazz and blues, even more freedom is given to the performer to engage in improvisation on a basic melodic, harmonic, or rhythmic framework. The greatest latitude is given to the performer in a style of performing called [[free improvisation]], which is material that is spontaneously "thought of" (imagined) while being performed, ''not'' preconceived. Improvised music usually follows stylistic or genre conventions and even "fully composed" includes some [[precompositional|freely chosen material]]. Composition does not always mean the use of notation, or the known sole authorship of one individual. Music can also be determined by describing a "process" that creates musical sounds. Examples of this range from wind chimes, through computer programs that select sounds. Music from random elements is called [[Aleatoric music]], and is associated with such composers as John Cage, [[Morton Feldman]], and [[Witold Lutosławski]].
 
Music can be composed for repeated performance or it can be improvised: composed on the spot. The music can be performed entirely from memory, from a written system of musical notation, or some combination of both. Study of composition has traditionally been dominated by examination of methods and practice of Western classical music, but the definition of composition is broad enough to include spontaneously improvised works like those of [[free jazz]] performers and African drummers such as the [[Ewe drumming|Ewe drummers]].
 
What is important in understanding the composition of a piece is singling out its elements. An understanding of music's formal elements can be helpful in deciphering exactly how a piece is constructed. A universal element of music is how sounds occur in time, which is referred to as the rhythm of a piece of music. When a piece appears to have a changing time-feel, it is considered to be in [[Tempo rubato|rubato]] time, an [[Italian language|Italian]] expression that indicates that the tempo of the piece changes to suit the expressive intent of the performer. Even random placement of random sounds, which occurs in [[Sound collage|musical montage]], occurs within some kind of time, and thus employs time as a musical element. -->
 
== ସଙ୍କେତ ==
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==ଆଧାର ==
== ଦ୍ରଷ୍ଟବ୍ୟ ==
{{Reflistଆଧାର|2}}
 
== ଆଗକୁ ପଢିବେପଢ଼ିବେ ==
* Colles, Henry Cope (1978). ''The Growth of Music : A Study in Musical History'', 4th ed., London ; New York : Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-316116-8 ([http://books.google.com/books?id=PrkNAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=the+growth+of+music 1913 edition online] at [[Google Book Search|Google Books]])
* Harwood, Dane (1976). "Universals in Music: A Perspective from Cognitive Psychology," ''Ethnomusicology'' 20, no. 3:521–33.
* Small, Christopher (1977). ''Music, Society, Education''. John Calder Publishers, London. ISBN 0-7145-3614-8
 
==ଅଧିକ ତଥ୍ୟ==
== ବାହାର ଲିଙ୍କ ==
{{Sister project links|Music}}
 
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/blast/music/ BBC Blast Music] For 13–19-year-olds interested in learning about, making, performing and talking about music.
* [http://www.music.vt.edu/musicdictionary/ The Virginia Tech Multimedia Music Dictionary], with definitions, pronunciations, examples, quizzes and simulations
"https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/ସଂଗୀତ"ରୁ ଅଣାଯାଇଅଛି