"ଔଷଧୀୟ ବୃକ୍ଷଲତା" ପୃଷ୍ଠାର ସଂସ୍କରଣଗୁଡ଼ିକ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ତଫାତ
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Hpsatapathy (ଆଲୋଚନା | ଅବଦାନ) ଟିକେ →ଇତିହାସ |
Hpsatapathy (ଆଲୋଚନା | ଅବଦାନ) ଟିକେ ତଥ୍ୟ ଯୋଡିବା |
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୫ କ ଧାଡ଼ି:
== ଇତିହାସ ==
ବୃକ୍ଷଲତାରୁ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ ଅନେକ ମସଲା ଯାହା ଆଜିକାଲି ଆମେ ସାଧାରଣଭାବେ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରୁ ତନ୍ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ଅନେକ ପ୍ରାଗୈତିହାସିକ ଯୁଗରୁ ବ୍ୟବହାର ହୋଇଆସୁଅଛି । ଗ୍ରୀଷ୍ମପ୍ରଧାନ ଦେଶମାନଙ୍କରେ ସାଧାରଣତଃ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ ଖାଦ୍ୟ, ବିଶେଷତଃ ମାଛ ବା ମାଂସ, ଶିଘ୍ର ଖରାପ ବା ନଷ୍ଟ ହୋଇଯାଏ <ref name="sciencedirect">{{cite web |title=Why vegetable recipes are not very spicy |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1090513800000684?via%3Dihub |website=www.sciencedirect.com |accessdate=22 December 2019}}</ref>। ଔଷଧୀୟ ଗୁଳ୍ମରୁ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ କିଛି ମସଲା ଏଭଳି କ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ ଖାଦ୍ୟକୁ ଶୀଘ୍ର ନଷ୍ଟ ହେବାକୁ ଦିଅନ୍ତି ନାହିଁ ।<ref name="semanticscholar">{{cite web |title=Antimicrobial functions of spices: why some like it hot |url=https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Antimicrobial-functions-of-spices%3A-why-some-like-it-Billing-Sherman/f3c545e80bcb75e3260447eb019c475dc4a2434f |website=www.semanticscholar.org |accessdate=22 December 2019}}</ref> ଜୀବଜଗତର ପ୍ରାଣି ଓ ଉଦ୍ଭିଦ ପରସ୍ପର ଉପରେ ଏମିତି ନିର୍ଭରଶୀଳ ଯେ ଏମିତି ବି କିଛି ପଶୁ ପକ୍ଷି ବା କୀଟ ପତଙ୍ଗ ଅଛନ୍ତି, ଯେଉଁ ମାନେ କୌଣସି କ୍ଷତ ବା ରୋଗରୁ ଆରୋଗ୍ୟ ଲାଭ କରିବା ନିମିତ୍ତ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ଔଷଧୀୟ ଗୁଳ୍ମର ପତ୍ର, ପୁଷ୍ପ, ଫଳ କିମ୍ବା ଚେର ଗ୍ରହଣ କରିଥାନ୍ତି । ପ୍ରାଗୈତିହାସିକ କବର ସ୍ଥଲରୁ ଔଷଧୀୟ ଗୁଳ୍ମର ନମୁନା ପାଇବା ଏହି ପ୍ରମାନ ଦିଏ ଯେ ପ୍ୟାଲିଓଲିଥିକ ଲୋକଙ୍କର ଔଷଧୀୟ ଗୁଳ୍ମ ବିଷୟରେ କିଛି ଜ୍ଞାନ ଥିଲା । ଉଦାହରଣ ସ୍ଵରୂପ ଉତ୍ତର ଇରାକରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ ତଥା ପ୍ରାୟ ୬୦,୦୦୦ ବର୍ଷ ପୁରୁଣା ଏକ ନିଅନଦର୍ଥାଲ କବର ସ୍ଥଳରେ ମିଳିଥିବା ଆଠ ପ୍ରଜାତିର ଗୁଳ୍ମର ପରାଗ ମିଳିଛି ଯେଉଁଥିରୁ ସାତ ପ୍ରକାର ଗୁଳ୍ମ ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନ ଔଷଧୀୟ ଉପଚାର ଭାବେ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ହେଉଛି ।<ref name="Science">{{cite web |last1=Solecki |first1=Ralph S. |title=Shanidar IV, a Neanderthal Flower Burial in Northern Iraq |url=https://science.sciencemag.org/content/190/4217/880 |website=Science |accessdate=22 December 2019 |pages=880–881 |language=en |doi=10.1126/science.190.4217.880 |date=28 November 1975}}</ref>
== ବ୍ୟବହାର ==
ଯେଉଁ ବୃକ୍ଷ ବା ଗୁଳ୍ମର ବ୍ୟବହାର ଆମେ ସାଧାରଣତଃ ରୋଗ ମୁକ୍ତି ତଥା ସ୍ଵାସ୍ଥ୍ୟର ହିତ ନିମନ୍ତେ କରାଯାଏ, ସେ ସବୁକୁ ଔଷଧୀୟ ବୃକ୍ଷଲତା ଅଟନ୍ତି । ବିଶ୍ଵ ଖାଦ୍ୟ ଓ କୃଷି ସଂଗଠନର ଏକ ଆକଲନ ଅନୁସାରେ ସାରା ବିଶ୍ୱରେ ୨୦୦୨ ସୁଦ୍ଧା ୫୦,୦୦୦ ରୁ ଉର୍ଦ୍ଧ୍ଵ ଔଷଧୀୟ ବୃକ୍ଷଲତା ବା ଗୁଳ୍ମ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ । ରୋୟାଲ ବୋଟାନିକାଲ ଗାର୍ଡେନର ୨୦୧୬ର ଏକ ଆକଲନ ଅନୁସାରେ ପ୍ରାୟ ୧୭,୮୧୦ ଗୁଳ୍ମ ପ୍ରଜାତିର ଔଷଧୀୟ ଗୁଣ ରହିଛି ଏବଂ ତନ୍ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ପ୍ରାୟ ୩୦,୦୦୦ ଔଷଧୀୟ ଗୁଳ୍ମର ବ୍ୟାବହାରିତା ସଂପର୍କରେ ବିବରଣୀ ଲିପିବଦ୍ଧ ହୋଇସାରିଛି ।
A medicinal plant is a plant that is used with the intention of maintaining health, to be administered for a specific condition, or both, whether in modern medicine or in traditional medicine.[2][35] The Food and Agriculture Organization estimated in 2002 that over 50,000 medicinal plants are used across the world.[36] The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew more conservatively estimated in 2016 that 17,810 plant species have a medicinal use, out of some 30,000 plants for which a use of any kind is documented.[37]
In modern medicine, around a quarter[a] of the drugs prescribed to patients are derived from medicinal plants, and they are rigorously tested.[35][38] In other systems of medicine, medicinal plants may constitute the majority of what are often informal attempted treatments, not tested scientifically.[39] The World Health Organization estimates, without reliable data, that some 80 percent of the world's population depends mainly on traditional medicine (including but not limited to plants); perhaps some two billion people are largely reliant on medicinal plants.[35][38] The use of plant-based materials including herbal or natural health products with supposed health benefits, is increasing in developed countries.[40] This brings attendant risks of toxicity and other effects on human health, despite the safe image of herbal remedies.[40] Herbal medicines have been in use since long before modern medicine existed; there was and often still is little or no knowledge of the pharmacological basis of their actions, if any, or of their safety. The World Health Organization formulated a policy on traditional medicine in 1991, and since then has published guidelines for them, with a series of monographs on widely used herbal medicines.[41][42]
Medicinal plants may provide three main kinds of benefit: health benefits to the people who consume them as medicines; financial benefits to people who harvest, process, and distribute them for sale; and society-wide benefits, such as job opportunities, taxation income, and a healthier labour force.[35] However, development of plants or extracts having potential medicinal uses is blunted by weak scientific evidence, poor practices in the process of drug development, and insufficient financing
== ଆହୁରି ଦେଖନ୍ତୁ ==
* [[ଔଷଧୀୟ ଗଛଲତାମାନଙ୍କର ତାଲିକା]]
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