"ଅବସାଦ" ପୃଷ୍ଠାର ସଂସ୍କରଣ‌ଗୁଡ଼ିକ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ତଫାତ

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'''ଅବସାଦ''' ହେଉଛି ମନର ଏକ ପ୍ରକାର ଭାବ ବା ଅବସ୍ଥା ଯେଉଁଥିରେ କିଛି କାମଦାମ କରିବାକୁ ଇଛା ହୁଏନାହିଁ , ମନ ଉଦାସ ରହେ ଇତ୍ୟାଦି ଯାହାକି ଜଣେ ମନୁଷ୍ୟର ଚିନ୍ତାଧାରା, ବ୍ୟବହାର, ପ୍ରବୃତ୍ତି, ଭାବନା ଏବଂ ଭଲ କଥା ଭାବିବା ଆଦିକୁ ପ୍ରଭାବିତ କରିପାରେ । ଗୋଟିଏ ଅବସାଦ ମନ ସାଧାରଣତଃ ନିଜ ଲୋକ କାହାକୁ ହରେଇବାର ଏକ କ୍ଷଣସ୍ଥାୟୀ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟା ହୋଇଥାଏ । ଆହୁରି କୌଣସି ଔଷଧର ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟାରେ ବି ହୋଇପାରେ କିମ୍ବା କୌଣସି ଶାରୀରିକ ରୋଗ ଯୋଗୁଁ ମଧ୍ୟ ହୋଇପାରେ । ଗୋଟିଏ ଅବସାଦ ମନ ମଧ୍ୟ କିଛି ମନ ରୋଗ, [[ପ୍ରମୁଖ ଅବସାଦ ବେମାରୀ]]<nowiki/>ର ଲକ୍ଷଣ ହୋଇଥାଏ । <ref name="DSM-5(2013)">{{cite book |title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) |year=2013 |publisher=American Psychiatric Association}}</ref>
'''Depression''' is a state of low [[Mood (psychology)|mood]] and [[Aversion therapy|aversion]] to activity, that can affect a person's thoughts, behavior, tendencies, feelings, and [[subjective well-being|sense of well-being]]. A depressed mood is a normal temporary reaction to life events such as loss of a loved one. It is also a symptom of some physical diseases and a side effect of some drugs and medical treatments. Depressed mood is also a symptom of some [[mood disorders]] such as [[major depressive disorder]] or [[dysthymia]].<ref name="DSM-5(2013)">{{cite book |title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) |year=2013 |publisher=American Psychiatric Association}}</ref>
 
== କାରକ ==
 
=== ଜୀବନ ଘଟଣାବଳୀ ===
Adversityବାଲ୍ୟକାଳରେ inକିଛି childhood,ଅଘଟଣ suchଘଟିଥିଲେ asଯଥା: bereavement,କୌଣସି [[neglect]],ନିଜର [[mentalଲୋକଙ୍କର abuse]]ବିୟୋଗ, [[physicalଅନ୍ୟମାନଙ୍କର abuse]]ହତାଦର, [[Childମାନସିକ, sexualଶାରୀରିକ abuse|sexual abuse]],ଯୌନ andଶୋଷଣ unequalଏବଂ parentalପାତର treatmentଅନ୍ତର ofକରି siblingsସନ୍ତାନଙ୍କୁ canମାତାପିତାଙ୍କର contributeଲାଳନ toପାଳନ depressionଯୋଗୁଁ inପରେ ପ୍ରାପ୍ତ ବୟସରେ ଅବସାଦ ହୋଇପାରେ । adulthood.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Christine Heim |author2=D. Jeffrey Newport |author3=Tanja Mletzko |author4=Andrew H. Miller |author5=Charles B. Nemeroff |title=The link between childhood trauma and depression: Insights from HPA axis studies in humans |journal=Psychoneuroendocrinology |volume=33 |issue=6 |pages=693–710 |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306453008000693 |accessdate=20 April 2014 |doi=10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.03.008 |pmid=18602762 |date=July 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00703.x |title=Mothers' Differentiation and Depressive Symptoms Among Adult Children |year=2010 |last1=Pillemer |first1=Karl |last2=Suitor |first2=J. Jill |last3=Pardo |first3=Seth |last4=Henderson Jr |first4=Charles |journal=Journal of Marriage and Family |volume=72 |issue=2 |pages=333–345 |pmid=20607119 |pmc=2894713}}</ref> Childhoodବାଲ୍ୟକାଳରେ physicalମୁଖ୍ୟତଃ orଶାରୀରିକ [[sexual abuse]]ଯୌନ inଉତ୍ପୀଡ଼ନ particularଭବିଷ୍ୟତରେ significantlyଅବସାଦଗ୍ରସ୍ତ correlatesକରିବାରେ withକାରକ theସାଜିଥାଏ likelihood of experiencing depression over the life course.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Lindert J, von Ehrenstein OS, Grashow R, Gal G, Braehler E, Weisskopf MG |title=Sexual and physical abuse in childhood is associated with depression and anxiety over the life course: systematic review and meta-analysis |journal=Int J Public Health |volume=59 |issue=2 |pages=359–72 |date=April 2014 |pmid=24122075 |doi=10.1007/s00038-013-0519-5}}</ref>
 
Life events and changes that may precipitate depressed mood include (but are not limited to): childbirth, [[menopause]], financial difficulties, unemployment, [[psychological stress|stress]] (such as from work, education, family, living conditions etc.), a medical diagnosis (cancer, HIV, etc.), [[bullying]], loss of a loved one, [[natural disaster]]s, [[social isolation]], rape, relationship troubles, jealousy, separation, and [[catastrophic injury]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Schmidt |first=Peter |year=2005 |pmid=16414327 |title=Mood, Depression, and Reproductive Hormones in the Menopausal Transition |journal=The American Journal of Medicine |volume=118 Suppl 12B |pages=54–8 |doi=10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.09.033 |issue=12}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Rashid |first1=T. |last2=Heider |first2=I. |title=Life Events and Depression |year=2008 |journal=Annals of Punjab Medical College |volume=2 |issue=1 |url=http://www.pmc.edu.pk/Downloads/apmc/apmc_v2n1/Life%20Events%20And%20Depression.pdf |accessdate=15 October 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |title=Prevalence of Depression and Depressive Symptoms Among Resident Physicians: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis |journal=[[JAMA (journal)|JAMA]] |volume=314 |issue=22 |pages=2373–2383 |year=2015 |doi=10.1001/jama.2015.15845 |pmid=26647259 |pmc=4866499 |author1=Mata |first1=D. A. |last2=Ramos |first2=M. A. |last3=Bansal |first3=N |last4=Khan |first4=R |last5=Guille |first5=C |last6=Di Angelantonio |first6=E |last7=Sen |first7=S}}</ref> [[Adolescence|Adolescents]] may be especially prone to experiencing depressed [[Mood disorder|mood]] following [[social rejection]], [[peer pressure]] and bullying.<ref>{{Cite journal |pmid=17570526 |year=2008 |author1=Davey |first1=C. G. |title=The emergence of depression in adolescence: Development of the prefrontal cortex and the representation of reward |journal=Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=1–19 |last2=Yücel |first2=M |last3=Allen |first3=N. B. |doi=10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.04.016}}</ref>
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