ଓସେଲଟାମିଭିର

ଓସେଲଟାମିଭିର
Clinical data
Pronunciation	/ɒsəlˈtæmɪvɪər/
Trade names	Tamiflu
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
MedlinePlus	a699040
data	US DailyMed: 48517;
Pregnancy; category	AU: B1 ; US: C (Risk not ruled out) ; ;
Routes of; administration	By mouth (hard capsules)
ATC code	J05AH02 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only) ; UK: POM (Prescription only) ; US: ℞-only ;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	>80%
Protein binding	42% (parent drug), 3% (active metabolite)
Metabolism	Hepatic, to oseltamivir carboxylate
Elimination half-life	1-3 hours, 6-10 hours (active metabolite)
Excretion	Urine (>90% as oseltamivir carboxylate), faeces
Identifiers
	IUPAC name ethyl (3R,4R,5S)-5-amino-4-acetamido-3-(pentan-3-yloxy)-cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylate;
CAS Number	204255-11-8 ;
PubChem CID	65028;
DrugBank	DB00198 ;
ChemSpider	58540 ;
UNII	20O93L6F9H;
KEGG	D08306 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:7798 ;
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1229 ;
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C16H28N2O4
Molar mass	312.4 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES O=C(OCC)/C1=C/[C@@H](OC(CC)CC)[C@H](NC(=O)C)[C@@H](N)C1;
	InChI InChI=1S/C16H28N2O4/c1-5-12(6-2)22-14-9-11(16(20)21-7-3)8-13(17)15(14)18-10(4)19/h9,12-15H,5-8,17H2,1-4H3,(H,18,19)/t13-,14+,15+/m0/s1 ; Key:VSZGPKBBMSAYNT-RRFJBIMHSA-N ;
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ଓସେଲଟାମିଭିର (ଇଂରାଜୀ ଭାଷାରେ Oseltamivir, ବିକ୍ରୟ ନାମ ଟାମିଫ୍ଲୁ) ଏକ ଭୁତାଣୁରୋଧୀ ଔଷଧ (antiviral medication) ଯାହା ଇନଫ୍ଲୁଏଞ୍ଜା ଏ (influenza A) ଓ ଇନଫ୍ଲୁଏଞ୍ଜା ବି (influenza B ବା flu) ରୋଗମାନଙ୍କର ପ୍ରତିଷେଧ ଓ ଚିକିତ୍ସାରେ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହୃତ ହୁଏ ।^[୩] ଏହି ରୋଗ‌ଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଜଟିଳ ହୋଇଥିଲେ ବା ସଂକ୍ରମଣ ଆରମ୍ଭ ହେବାର ୪୮ ଘଣ୍ଟା ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଜଟିଳ ହେବା ସମ୍ଭାବନା ଥିଲେ ଏହି ଔଷଧ ଦେବାକୁ ସୁପାରିସ କରାଯାଏ ।^[୪] ଅଧିକ ସଙ୍କଟାପନ୍ନ ଲୋକଙ୍କୁ ପ୍ରତିଷଧ ଭାବରେ ଦିଆଯାଏ, ଜନ ସାଧାରଣଙ୍କୁ ନୁହେଁ ।^[୪] ସ୍ୱଳ୍ପ ସଙ୍କଟ ଥିବା ଲୋକଙ୍କୁ ଏହି ଚିକିତ୍ସା କରିବା ପୂର୍ବରୁ ଚିକିତ୍ସକମାନେ ନିଜର ବିବେକ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର କରିବେ ।^[୪]^[୫]^[୬] ଏହା ବଟିକା ବା ତରଳ ପଦାର୍ଥ ଆକାରରେ ପାଟିରେ ଦିଆଯାଏ । ^[୩]

ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟାରେ ବାନ୍ତି (vomiting), ତରଳ ଝାଡ଼ା, ମୁଣ୍ଡବଥା ଓ ନିଦ୍ରା ସମସ୍ୟା ଦେଖାଯାଏ ।^[୩] ମାନସିକ ଲକ୍ଷଣ (psychiatric symptoms) ଓ ବାତ (seizures) ମାରିବା ମଧ୍ୟ ଦେଖାଯାଇପାରେ ।^[୩]^[୭]^[୮] ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ର ଆମେରିକାରେ ଗର୍ଭିଣୀମାନଙ୍କୁ ଇନଫ୍ଲୁଏଞ୍ଜା ସଂକ୍ରମଣ ଥିଲେ ଦିଆଯାଏ ।^[୯] ଅଳ୍ପ ସଂଖ୍ୟକ ଗର୍ଭିଣୀମାନଙ୍କୁ ଏହା ଦିଆଯାଇ କୌଣସି ଲକ୍ଷଣ ପ୍ରକାଶ ନ ପାଇବା ଲକ୍ଷକରାଯାଇଥିଲା ।^[୯] ବୃକ୍‌କ ସମସ୍ୟା ଥିଲେ ଏହାର ମାତ୍ରା ସ୍ଥିର କରିବା ଆବଶ୍ୟକ ହୁଏ ।^[୩]

ସନ୧୯୯୯ରେ ଡାକ୍ତରୀ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର ନିମନ୍ତେ ଓସେଲଟାମିଭିର ସ୍ୱୀକୃତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।^[୩] ଏହା ପ୍ରଥମ ପାଟିରେ ଦିଆଯାଉଥିବା ନିଉରାମିନିଡେଜ ଇନହିବିଟର (neuraminidase inhibitor) ^[୧୦] ଏହାର ନାମ ବିଶ୍ୱ ସ୍ୱାସ୍ଥ୍ୟ ସଂଗଠନର ଅତ୍ୟାବଶ୍ୟକୀୟ ଔଷଧ ଚିଠାରେ (World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines) ଅଛି ଯାହା ମୌଳିକ ସ୍ୱାସ୍ଥ୍ୟ ସିସ୍ଟମ (health system) ନିମନ୍ତେ ଅତି ମହତ୍ତ୍ୱପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ।^[୧୧] ସନ ୨୦୧୬ରୁ ଏହାର ଏକ ସଂସ୍କରଣ ଏହା ଜେନେରିକ ଔଷଧ ନାମରେ (generic medication) ବିକ୍ରୟ ହେଉଛି ।^[୧୨] ବିକାଶଶୀଳ ଦେଶମାନଙ୍କରେ (developing world) ଏହି ଔଷଧର ଏକ ଦିନ ଡୋଜର ହୋଲସେଲ କ୍ରୟ ମୂଲ୍ୟ ସନ ୨୦୧୪ରେ ୪.୨୭ ଆମେରିକୀୟ ଡଲାର ଥିଲା ।^[୧୩] ଡିସେମ୍ଭର ୨୦୧୬ରେ ଏହାର ଏକ କୋର୍ଷର ମୂଲ୍ୟ ୧୩୮.୭୦ଆମେରିକୀୟ ଡଲାର ଥିଲା ।^[୧୪]

ଆଧାର ସମ୍ପାଦନା

↑ "Tamiflu - Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Retrieved 16 January 2017.
↑ ^୨.୦ ^୨.୧ ^୨.୨ ^୨.୩ ^୨.୪ Davies, BE (April 2010). "Pharmacokinetics of oseltamivir: an oral antiviral for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza in diverse populations" (PDF). The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. 65 Suppl 2: ii5–ii10. doi:10.1093/jac/dkq015. PMC 2835511. PMID 20215135.
↑ ^୩.୦ ^୩.୧ ^୩.୨ ^୩.୩ ^୩.୪ ^୩.୫ "Oseltamivir Phosphate". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
↑ ^୪.୦ ^୪.୧ ^୪.୨ "CDC Online Newsroom - "Have You Heard?" Archive: 2014 - Influenza A Variant Virus". www.cdc.gov. 10 April 2014. Retrieved 16 January 2017.
↑ European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2 Jun 2014). "New and updated evaluations of neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza published".
↑ "Amantadine, oseltamivir and zanamivir for the treatment of influenza". www.nice.org.uk. NICE. 25 February 2009. Retrieved 16 January 2017.
↑ Wang K, Shun-Shin M, Gill P, Perera R, Harnden A (2012). Harnden A (ed.). "Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in children (published trials only)". Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 4: CD002744. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002744.pub4. PMID 22513907.
↑ Jefferson, T; Jones, M; Doshi, P; Spencer, EA; Onakpoya, I; Heneghan, CJ (Apr 9, 2014). "Oseltamivir for influenza in adults and children: systematic review of clinical study reports and summary of regulatory comments". BMJ (Clinical research ed.). 348: g2545. doi:10.1136/bmj.g2545. PMC 3981975. PMID 24811411.
↑ ^୯.୦ ^୯.୧ "Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) Use During Pregnancy". www.drugs.com. Retrieved 16 January 2017.
↑ Agrawal, R; Rewatkar, PV; Kokil, GR; Verma, A; Kalra, A (Jul 2010). "Oseltamivir: a first line defense against swine flu". Medicinal chemistry (Shariqah (United Arab Emirates)). 6 (4): 247–51. PMID 20843284.
↑ "WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List)" (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
↑ "The FDA approves first generic version of widely used influenza drug, Tamiflu". FDA. 4 August 2016. Retrieved 6 August 2016.
↑ "Oseltamivir". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Retrieved 30 July 2016.^{[permanent dead link]}
↑ "NADAC as of 2016-12-07 | Data.Medicaid.gov". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Archived from the original on 2016-12-21. Retrieved 16 January 2017.

[1] "Tamiflu - Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Retrieved 16 January 2017.

[PK-2] ୨.୦ ^୨.୧ ^୨.୨ ^୨.୩ ^୨.୪ Davies, BE (April 2010). "Pharmacokinetics of oseltamivir: an oral antiviral for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza in diverse populations" (PDF). The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. 65 Suppl 2: ii5–ii10. doi:10.1093/jac/dkq015. PMC 2835511. PMID 20215135.

[AHFS2017-3] ୩.୦ ^୩.୧ ^୩.୨ ^୩.୩ ^୩.୪ ^୩.୫ "Oseltamivir Phosphate". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 8 January 2017.

[CDC2014up-4] ୪.୦ ^୪.୧ ^୪.୨ "CDC Online Newsroom - "Have You Heard?" Archive: 2014 - Influenza A Variant Virus". www.cdc.gov. 10 April 2014. Retrieved 16 January 2017.

[ECDC2014-5] European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2 Jun 2014). "New and updated evaluations of neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza published".

[NICE2009-6] "Amantadine, oseltamivir and zanamivir for the treatment of influenza". www.nice.org.uk. NICE. 25 February 2009. Retrieved 16 January 2017.

[Cochrane2012-7] Wang K, Shun-Shin M, Gill P, Perera R, Harnden A (2012). Harnden A (ed.). "Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in children (published trials only)". Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 4: CD002744. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002744.pub4. PMID 22513907.

[Jeff2014-8] Jefferson, T; Jones, M; Doshi, P; Spencer, EA; Onakpoya, I; Heneghan, CJ (Apr 9, 2014). "Oseltamivir for influenza in adults and children: systematic review of clinical study reports and summary of regulatory comments". BMJ (Clinical research ed.). 348: g2545. doi:10.1136/bmj.g2545. PMC 3981975. PMID 24811411.

[Preg2017-9] ୯.୦ ^୯.୧ "Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) Use During Pregnancy". www.drugs.com. Retrieved 16 January 2017.

[10] Agrawal, R; Rewatkar, PV; Kokil, GR; Verma, A; Kalra, A (Jul 2010). "Oseltamivir: a first line defense against swine flu". Medicinal chemistry (Shariqah (United Arab Emirates)). 6 (4): 247–51. PMID 20843284.

[WHO19th-11] "WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List)" (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015. Retrieved 8 December 2016.

[12] "The FDA approves first generic version of widely used influenza drug, Tamiflu". FDA. 4 August 2016. Retrieved 6 August 2016.

[13] "Oseltamivir". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Retrieved 30 July 2016.^{[permanent dead link]}

[14] "NADAC as of 2016-12-07 | Data.Medicaid.gov". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Archived from the original on 2016-12-21. Retrieved 16 January 2017.

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